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Properties of Oxyethylenated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters and Ethyl Esters; Hydrolysis, Critical Micelle Concentrations and Foaming

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Published/Copyright: April 5, 2013
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 45 Issue 5

Abstract

Oxyethylenated fatty acid methyl esters are considered to be a promising alternative to oxyethylenated fatty alcohols widely used in laundry detergent productions. Oxyethylenated fatty acid methyl esters display propensity to hydrolysis in alkaline washing solutions, which might affect the washing process. The hydrolysis of oxyethylenated fatty acid methyl esters was found to be innocuous towards the washing process since only 10% of the overall amount was hydrolyzed at 60°C, pH = 12 in 1 hour. The cmc depends on a degree of oxyethylenation. The cmc of methyl ester and ethyl ester bearing 10 oxyethylene groups is 0.8 mmol · L−1. The cmc of esters bearing 20 oxyethylene groups is 1.2 mmol · L−1. The foaming properties of oxyethylenated methyl esters bearing between 10 and 20 oxyethylene groups is constant. In case of oxyethylenated ethyl esters the foaming was increasing with the number of oxyethylene groups.

Kurzfassung

Ethoxylierte Fettsäuremethylester werden als vielversprechende Alternative zu ethoxylierten Fettalkoholen betrachtet, die weithin in der Waschmittelproduktion eingesetzt werden. Ethoxylierte Fettsäuremethylester zeigen in alkalischen Waschflotten eine Neigung zur Hydrolyse, die den Waschprozess beeinträchtigen kann. Bezüglich des Waschprozesses erwies sich die Hydrolyse von ethoxylierten Fettsäuremethylestern als unbedenklich, da bei 60°C, pH = 12 in 1 Stunde nur 10% der gesamten Menge hydrolysiert war. Die cmc hängt vom Grad der Ethoxylierung ab. Die cmc von Methylestern and Ethylestern mit 10 Ethoxylengruppen beträgt 0,8 mmol · L−1 und die der Ester mit 20 Ethoxylengruppen 1,2 mmol · L−1. Das Schaumverhalten der ethoxylierten Methylester mit 10 und 20 Ethoxylengruppen ist konstant, dagegen steigt es im Falle der ethoxylierten Ethylester mit der Anzahl der Ethoxylengruppen.

Key words:: Fatty acid methyl esters; FAMEE; oxyethylenation; hydrolysis
Stichwörter:: Fettsäuremethylester; FAMEE; Ethoxylierung; Hydrolyse
∗ Prof. Ing. Jan Šmidrkal, Ph.D., Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic, Tel.: +420220443822, Fax: +420220443285. E-Mail:

Jan Smidrkal was born in 1947 and received his MSc. at the Institute of Chemical Technology Prague. He obtained his PhD in organic chemistry at the Charles University in Prague. He worked as a researcher at the Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Prague and the Institute of Fat Industry in Rakovnik for 30 years. He joined The Institute of Chemical Technology Prague in 1992. He is focused on surfactant chemistry, detergent technology and oleo chemicals.

Marie Vokáčová received MSc. at the Institute of Chemical Technology Prague in 2002 and and is currently working as a researcher in MPD plus, s.r.o., nábr. Dr. Benese 2307, 269 01 Rakovník II.

Lenka Poláková received MSc. at the Slovak University of Technology Bratislava in 2005 and is currently a PhD student at The Institute of Chemical Technology Prague.

Vladimir Filip was born in 1956 and received his MSc. and PhD at the Institute of Chemical Technology Prague. He is currently a head of Department of Dairy and Fat Technology at the Institute of Chemical Technology Prague. His research interests are plant oils.

Katerina Machková received MSc. at the Institute of Chemical Technology Prague in 2002 and is currently working as researcher in Dr. Muller Pharma s.r.o., Garazni 182, 500 03 Hradec Kralove-Pouchov.

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Received: 2008-02-26
Published Online: 2013-04-05
Published in Print: 2008-09-01

© 2008, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

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https://doi.org/10.3139/113.100381
Keywords for this article
Fatty acid methyl esters; FAMEE; oxyethylenation; hydrolysis

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Synthesis of an Imidazoline Phosphate Surfactant and its Application on Corrosion Inhibition
  7. Properties of Oxyethylenated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters and Ethyl Esters; Hydrolysis, Critical Micelle Concentrations and Foaming
  8. Effect of Nano and Micro Emulsion Silicone Softeners on Properties of Polyester Fibers
  9. Novel Surfactants
  10. Synthesis, Characterization and Surface Active Properties of Imidazolinium Surfactant Derived from Oleic Acid and Diethylenetriamine
  11. Physical Chemistry
  12. Micellization of Cetyltributylphosphonium Bromide in some Binary Aqueous Solvents Mixtures
  13. Micellar Studies of Magnesium Soaps Using Ion-selective Electrode
  14. Influence of the Cross-sectional Geometry on Wettability and Cleanability of Polyester Woven Fabrics
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