Comparison of betaine and l-stachydrine as phase-transfer catalysts in Michael addition and Darzens reaction
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E. Veverková
,
R. Droppová
Abstract
Betaine and l-stachydrine have been tested as phase-transfer catalysts in Michael and Darzens reactions. The catalytic effect of l-stachydrine was found comparable to that of betaine in Michael addition and even higher when considering Darzens reaction. The desired products have been obtained in higher yields in solid-liquid system than under liquid-liquid bi-phase conditions. The influence of microwave irradiation and ultrasound on the reaction rate has been studied.
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© 2006 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- FTIR study of gamma-irradiated cis-1,4-polyisoprene
- Comparison of betaine and l-stachydrine as phase-transfer catalysts in Michael addition and Darzens reaction
- Synthesis and cyclization reactions with pyrazolopyrimidinyl keto esters part I. Reactivity of pyrazolopyrimidinyl β-keto ester and pyrazolopyrimidinyl α,β-unsaturated ketones
- Electrodeposition of mercury film on electrodes modified with clay minerals
- Properties of Ni-W alloy coatings on steel substrate
- Effect of chloride ions on the kinetics of nitrobenzene reduction by powdered iron
- Displacement washing of pulp with urea solutions
- Methane esterification in oleum
- Momentum transfer in an agitated vessel with off-centred impellers
- Optimal control of a two-stage reactor system
- Effect of span 20 concentration on oxalic acid production from post-refining fatty acids by Aspergillus niger XP
- Citric acid production from raw glycerol by acetate mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica
- Phosphonium ionic liquids as new, reactive extractants of lactic acid
