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Transport and Reaction Processes in Bioremediation of Organic Contaminants. 2. Role of Aggregate Size in Soil Remediation in a Slurry Bioreactor
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Published/Copyright:
July 5, 2003
Abstract
Transport processes in the soil matrix can control the rates of bioremediation of low-solubility contaminants. In this study, experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that diffusion of contaminants within soil aggregates of diameter 40 - 1000 micron was the limiting factor in bioremediation of creosote-contaminated soil. The concentrations of 6 different PAHs (acenaphthene, anthracene, chrysene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, and pyrene) were monitored during the course of bioremediation of sonicated and non-sonicated soil by an active mixed culture in slurry bioreactors. Sonication of the soil to disperse soil aggregates increased the rate of microbial degradation up to 5 fold, however, there was no significant difference in the final residual concentrations between the two soil treatments. The aggregate size distribution after three weeks of treatment in a slurry bioreactor was comparable in both the sonicated and non-sonicated soils, which was consistent with the independence of the residual concentrations of PAHs on sonication treatment. The soil aggregates were modelled as porous materials, with pores filled with non-aqueous phase liquid and with films of non-aqueous phase liquid on particle surfaces. As the soil aggregates were dispersed, either by sonication or mixing, then the fraction of contaminants in exposed films increased. A diffusion-controlled mass transfer model was developed to represent release of PAHs from the soil, based on this physical model. The estimated diffusion coefficients of four of the PAHs (acenaphthene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene ) in the residual creosote phase were in the range 4.4-4.8 x 10-14 cm2/s, while the diffusion coefficients for anthracene and chrysene were lower by a factor of 2. The similar values of diffusion coefficient between the components was consistent with release by diffusion through a viscous residual creosote. The magnitude of the diffusion coefficients was intermediate between the transport properties in high-viscosity oils, and polymers.
Keywords: bioremediation; slurry-phase reactor; aggregate size distribution; soil; kinetics; sonication; creosote; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Published Online: 2003-07-05
©2011 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston
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Keywords for this article
bioremediation;
slurry-phase reactor;
aggregate size distribution;
soil;
kinetics;
sonication;
creosote;
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Articles in the same Issue
- Review
- Applications of Liquid-Solid Fluidization
- Applications of the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) in Chemical Reaction Engineering
- Transport and Reaction Processes in Bioremediation of Organic Contaminants. 1. Review of Bacterial Degradation and Transport
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- Article
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- Modeling of Autothermal Steam Methane Reforming in a Fluidized Bed Membrane Reactor
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- Modeling of the Catalytic Distillation Process for the Synthesis of Ethyl Cellosolve Using A Three-Phase Nonequilibrium Model
- CFD Simulations of Gas Fluidized Beds Using Alternative Eulerian-Eulerian Modelling Approaches
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- Modeling of Membrane Reactor
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- Influence of the Sulfur Poisoning on the Performance of a Primary Steam Reformer
- Performance Enhancement of Photocatalytic Reactor Utilizing Flow Instability
- Optimization of Styrene Reactor Design for Two Objectives using a Genetic Algorithm
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- Formulation of Reduced-Order Models for the Dynamic and Stability Analyses of Autothermal Radial Flow Reactors
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- 2D and 3D CFD Simulations of Bubbling Fluidized Beds Using Eulerian-Eulerian Models
- Detection and Modeling of the Core-Annulus Transition in Industrial and Pilot Plant Risers
- Modeling Fluid Catalytic Cracking in a Novel CREC Riser Simulator: Adsorption Parameters under Reaction Conditions
- Hydrodynamic Modeling of CFB Risers and Downers
- The CREC Fluidized Riser Simulator. Characterization of Mixing Patterns
- Use of Different Numerical Solution Approaches for a Three-Phase Slurry Catalytic Reactor Model
- Modelling of a Reverse Flow Catalytic Membrane Reactor for the Partial Oxidation of Methane
- Analysis of the Microscopic Flow Structure of a CFB Downer Reactor Using Solids Concentration Signals
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- Kinetics of Synthesis of Perfumery Grade p-tert-Butylcyclohexyl Acetate Over Ion Exchange Resin Catalyst
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