The relationship between REE-Y-Nb-Th minerals and the evolution of an A-type granite, Wentworth Pluton, Nova Scotia
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Abstract
The Wentworth Pluton in the Eastern Cobequid Highlands consists principally of metaluminous to peralkaline A-type granite (~362 Ma), a large part of which was remelted by a major gabbro intrusion (~357 Ma). Magmatic minerals like allanite-(Ce), chevkinite-(Ce), zircon, and hingganite-(Y) and post-magmatic mineral phases, such as REE-bearing epidote, samarskite-(Y), aeschynite-(Y), fersmite, thorite-like phases, and hydroxylbastnäsite-(Ce), were identified. The presence of fluorine in the parental magma, indicated by whole-rock geochemical data and the presence of fluorite, increased the solubility of monazite and xenotime and thus facilitated retainment of rare metals in the magmatic system. Fractionation of allanite-(Ce) and chevkinite-(Ce) led to a melt enriched in heavy rare earth elements (HREE), from which hingganite-(Y) crystallized during late magmatic stages. The remelting of the early granite led to fluorine and sulfur release in volatile phases, which circulated with hydrothermal fluids, thus mobilizing the REE and other rare metals. Reduction of fluorine activity during the late to post-solidus crystallization resulted in the precipitation of HREE and rare metals in samarskite-(Y), thereby enriching the residual hydrothermal fluids in light rare earth elements (LREE). Post-magmatic LREE minerals, such as hydroxylbastnäsite-(Ce), either replaced earlier minerals or precipitated from these hydrothermal fluids. Carbonate fluids involved in a late regional hydrothermal circulation event along the Cobequid-Chedabucto fault (320-315 Ma) promoted Ti mobility and the formation of TiO2 minerals and probably of aeschynite-(Y). This mineralogical diversity, in addition to the complex geological history of the pluton, provides a unique opportunity to correlate the formation of individual rare-metal minerals to different stages of pluton evolution and thus provide an insight to the formation conditions of these minerals.
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Pressure-induced structural transformations in the low-cristobalite form of AlPO4
- Hydrokenomicrolite, (□,H2O)2Ta2(O,OH)6(H2O), a new microlite-group mineral from Volta Grande pegmatite, Nazareno, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Fluor-elbaite, Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F, a new mineral species of the tourmaline supergroup
- Microtexture development during rapid cooling in three rhyolitic lava flows
- Microbial and inorganic control on the composition of clay from volcanic glass alteration experiments
- High-pressure experiments on phase transition boundaries between corundum, Rh2O3(II)- and CaIrO3-type structures in Al2O3
- Electronic structure effects in the vectorial bond-valence model
- Geometric analysis of radiation damage connectivity in zircon, and its implications for helium diffusion
- Superstructure, crystal chemistry, and cation distribution in filipstadite, a Sb5+-bearing, spinel-related mineral
- A high-temperature Brillouin scattering study on four compositions of haplogranitic glasses and melts: High-frequency elastic behavior through the glass transition
- Hydrogen isotope fractionation between coexisting hydrous melt and silicate-saturated aqueous fluid: An experimental study in situ at high pressure and temperature
- Eclogitic clasts with omphacite and pyrope-rich garnet in the NWA 801 CR2 chondrite
- Hydration properties of synthetic high-charge micas saturated with different cations: An experimental approach
- Quantitative analyses of powdered multi-minerallic carbonate aggregates using a portable Raman spectrometer
- Periodic ab initio bulk investigation of hydroxylapatite and type A carbonated apatite with both pseudopotential and all-electron basis sets for calcium atoms
- Coexisting pseudobrookite, ilmenite, and titanomagnetite in hornblende andesite of the Coleman Pinnacle flow, Mount Baker, Washington: Evidence for a highly oxidized arc magma
- Geochemistry of pyrochlore minerals from the Motzfeldt Center, South Greenland: The mineralogy of a syenite-hosted Ta, Nb deposit
- Phosphovanadylite-Ca, Ca[V4 4+P2O8(OH)8]·12H2O, the Ca analogue of phosphovanadylite-Ba
- The relationship between REE-Y-Nb-Th minerals and the evolution of an A-type granite, Wentworth Pluton, Nova Scotia
- Prewittite, KPb1.5Cu6Zn(SeO3)2O2Cl10, a new mineral from Tolbachik fumaroles, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia: Description and crystal structure
- Lucabindiite, (K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br), a new fumarole mineral from the “La Fossa” crater at Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy
- Scottyite, the natural analog of synthetic BaCu2Si2O7, a new mineral from the Wessels mine, Kalahari Manganese Fields, South Africa
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- Letter: Actinides in Geology, Energy, and the Environment. Evidence for nanocrystals of vorlanite, a rare uranate mineral, in the Nopal I low-temperature uranium deposit (Sierra Peña Blanca, Mexico)
Articles in the same Issue
- Pressure-induced structural transformations in the low-cristobalite form of AlPO4
- Hydrokenomicrolite, (□,H2O)2Ta2(O,OH)6(H2O), a new microlite-group mineral from Volta Grande pegmatite, Nazareno, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Fluor-elbaite, Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F, a new mineral species of the tourmaline supergroup
- Microtexture development during rapid cooling in three rhyolitic lava flows
- Microbial and inorganic control on the composition of clay from volcanic glass alteration experiments
- High-pressure experiments on phase transition boundaries between corundum, Rh2O3(II)- and CaIrO3-type structures in Al2O3
- Electronic structure effects in the vectorial bond-valence model
- Geometric analysis of radiation damage connectivity in zircon, and its implications for helium diffusion
- Superstructure, crystal chemistry, and cation distribution in filipstadite, a Sb5+-bearing, spinel-related mineral
- A high-temperature Brillouin scattering study on four compositions of haplogranitic glasses and melts: High-frequency elastic behavior through the glass transition
- Hydrogen isotope fractionation between coexisting hydrous melt and silicate-saturated aqueous fluid: An experimental study in situ at high pressure and temperature
- Eclogitic clasts with omphacite and pyrope-rich garnet in the NWA 801 CR2 chondrite
- Hydration properties of synthetic high-charge micas saturated with different cations: An experimental approach
- Quantitative analyses of powdered multi-minerallic carbonate aggregates using a portable Raman spectrometer
- Periodic ab initio bulk investigation of hydroxylapatite and type A carbonated apatite with both pseudopotential and all-electron basis sets for calcium atoms
- Coexisting pseudobrookite, ilmenite, and titanomagnetite in hornblende andesite of the Coleman Pinnacle flow, Mount Baker, Washington: Evidence for a highly oxidized arc magma
- Geochemistry of pyrochlore minerals from the Motzfeldt Center, South Greenland: The mineralogy of a syenite-hosted Ta, Nb deposit
- Phosphovanadylite-Ca, Ca[V4 4+P2O8(OH)8]·12H2O, the Ca analogue of phosphovanadylite-Ba
- The relationship between REE-Y-Nb-Th minerals and the evolution of an A-type granite, Wentworth Pluton, Nova Scotia
- Prewittite, KPb1.5Cu6Zn(SeO3)2O2Cl10, a new mineral from Tolbachik fumaroles, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia: Description and crystal structure
- Lucabindiite, (K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br), a new fumarole mineral from the “La Fossa” crater at Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy
- Scottyite, the natural analog of synthetic BaCu2Si2O7, a new mineral from the Wessels mine, Kalahari Manganese Fields, South Africa
- Oxy-schorl, Na(Fe2 2+Al)Al6Si6O18(BO3)3(OH)3O, a new mineral from Zlatá Idka, Slovak Republic and Přibyslavice, Czech Republic
- Crystal chemistry and hydrogen bonding of rustumite Ca10(Si2O7)2(SiO4)(OH)2Cl2 with variable OH, Cl, F
- Oxy-vanadium-dravite, NaV3(V4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O: Crystal structure and redefinition of the “vanadium-dravite” tourmaline
- Lead-tellurium oxysalts from Otto Mountain near Baker, California: VIII. Fuettererite, Pb3Cu2+ 6 Te6+O6(OH)7Cl5, a new mineral with double spangolite-type sheets
- Lead-tellurium oxysalts from Otto Mountain near Baker, California: IX. Agaite, Pb3Cu2+Te6+O5(OH)2(CO3), a new mineral with CuO5-TeO6 polyhedral sheets
- Letter: Actinides in Geology, Energy, and the Environment. Evidence for nanocrystals of vorlanite, a rare uranate mineral, in the Nopal I low-temperature uranium deposit (Sierra Peña Blanca, Mexico)
