Review Paper. Microbe-clay mineral interactions
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Abstract
Clays and clay minerals are common components in soils, sediments, and sedimentary rocks, and they play an important role in many environmental processes. Iron is ubiquitous in clays and clay minerals and its oxidation state, in part, controls the physical and chemical properties of these fine-grained minerals. The structural ferric iron in clay minerals can be reduced either chemically or biologically. Biological reductants include mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms from diverse environments such as soils, sediments, sedimentary rocks, and hydrothermal hot springs. Multiple clay minerals have been used for microbial reduction studies, including dioctahedral smectite-illite series, palygorskite, chlorite, and their various mixtures in natural soils and sediments. All of these clay minerals are reducible by microorganisms under various conditions with smectite (nontronite) being the most reducible and illite the least. The rate and extent of bioreduction depends on many experimental factors, such as the type of microorganisms and clay minerals, solution chemistry, and temperature. Despite significant efforts, current understanding of the mechanisms of microbial reduction of ferric iron in clay minerals is still limited. Whereas some studies have presented evidence for a solid-state reduction mechanism, others argue that the clay mineral structure partially dissolves when the extent of reduction is high. This inconsistency may be related to several experimental conditions, and their specific effects are discussed in this paper. Whereas past experiments have been largely conducted in well-controlled laboratory systems, recent efforts have attempted to transfer knowledge to the field to improve our understanding of more complex soil systems for better agricultural practices. Biologically reduced clay minerals are also important agents in remediating inorganic and organic contaminants in soil and groundwater systems. This paper reviews the most recent developments and suggests some directions for future research
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Review Paper. Microbe-clay mineral interactions
- Chemical substitutions, paragenetic relations, and physical conditions of formation of högbomite in the Sittampundi layered anorthosite complex, South India
- Miguelromeroite, the Mn analogue of sainfeldite, and redefinition of villyaellenite as an ordered intermediate in the sainfeldite-miguelromeroite series
- Mechanism and kinetics of a mineral transformation under hydrothermal conditions: Calaverite to metallic gold
- A statistical reassessment of the evidence for the racemic distribution of quartz enantiomorphs
- On the crystal structure and crystal chemistry of pollucite, (Cs,Na)16Al16Si32O96·nH2O: A natural microporous material of interest in nuclear technology
- The effect of fluid inclusion size on determination of homogenization temperature and density of liquid-rich aqueous inclusions
- Effect of SiO2, total FeO, Fe3+/Fe2+, and alkali elements in basaltic glasses on mid-infrared
- Influence of cation size on the low-temperature heat capacity of alkaline earth metasilicate glasses
- The high-pressure–high-temperature behavior of bassanite
- Geochemistry of reversible hydratable tephra from the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt
- Physical contradictions and remedies using simple polythermal equations of state
- Thermodynamic and crystallographic properties of kornelite [Fe2(SO4)3·~7.75H2O] and paracoquimbite [Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O]
- Humidity-induced phase transitions of ferric sulfate minerals studied by in situ and ex situ X-ray diffraction
- In situ Raman spectroscopy of MgSiO3 enstatite up to 1550 K
- Optical spectroscopic study of tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ in natural spinel and staurolite at different temperatures and pressures
- New insights into smectite illitization: A zoned K-bentonite revisited
- The hydrothermal conversion of kaolinite to kalsilite: Influence of time, temperature, and pH
- Sideronatrite, Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH)·3H2O: Crystal structure of the orthorhombic polytype and OD character analysis
- Anharmonic OH vibrations in brucite: Small pressure-induced redshift in the range 0–22 GPa
- Structural properties of biologically controlled hydrozincite: An HRTEM and NMR spectroscopic study
- Mechanism of wollastonite carbonation deduced from micro- to nanometer length scale observations
- Letter. Crystal structure of argentopyrite, AgFe2S3, and its relationship with cubanite
- Letter. Magnetite-free, yellow lizardite serpentinization of olivine websterite, Canyon Mountain complex, N.E. Oregon
- Letter. The influence of atomic size and charge of dissolved species on the diffusivity and viscosity of silicate melts
- Letter. Si-Al distribution in high-pressure CaAl4Si2O11 phase: A 29Si and 27Al NMR study
Articles in the same Issue
- Review Paper. Microbe-clay mineral interactions
- Chemical substitutions, paragenetic relations, and physical conditions of formation of högbomite in the Sittampundi layered anorthosite complex, South India
- Miguelromeroite, the Mn analogue of sainfeldite, and redefinition of villyaellenite as an ordered intermediate in the sainfeldite-miguelromeroite series
- Mechanism and kinetics of a mineral transformation under hydrothermal conditions: Calaverite to metallic gold
- A statistical reassessment of the evidence for the racemic distribution of quartz enantiomorphs
- On the crystal structure and crystal chemistry of pollucite, (Cs,Na)16Al16Si32O96·nH2O: A natural microporous material of interest in nuclear technology
- The effect of fluid inclusion size on determination of homogenization temperature and density of liquid-rich aqueous inclusions
- Effect of SiO2, total FeO, Fe3+/Fe2+, and alkali elements in basaltic glasses on mid-infrared
- Influence of cation size on the low-temperature heat capacity of alkaline earth metasilicate glasses
- The high-pressure–high-temperature behavior of bassanite
- Geochemistry of reversible hydratable tephra from the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt
- Physical contradictions and remedies using simple polythermal equations of state
- Thermodynamic and crystallographic properties of kornelite [Fe2(SO4)3·~7.75H2O] and paracoquimbite [Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O]
- Humidity-induced phase transitions of ferric sulfate minerals studied by in situ and ex situ X-ray diffraction
- In situ Raman spectroscopy of MgSiO3 enstatite up to 1550 K
- Optical spectroscopic study of tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ in natural spinel and staurolite at different temperatures and pressures
- New insights into smectite illitization: A zoned K-bentonite revisited
- The hydrothermal conversion of kaolinite to kalsilite: Influence of time, temperature, and pH
- Sideronatrite, Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH)·3H2O: Crystal structure of the orthorhombic polytype and OD character analysis
- Anharmonic OH vibrations in brucite: Small pressure-induced redshift in the range 0–22 GPa
- Structural properties of biologically controlled hydrozincite: An HRTEM and NMR spectroscopic study
- Mechanism of wollastonite carbonation deduced from micro- to nanometer length scale observations
- Letter. Crystal structure of argentopyrite, AgFe2S3, and its relationship with cubanite
- Letter. Magnetite-free, yellow lizardite serpentinization of olivine websterite, Canyon Mountain complex, N.E. Oregon
- Letter. The influence of atomic size and charge of dissolved species on the diffusivity and viscosity of silicate melts
- Letter. Si-Al distribution in high-pressure CaAl4Si2O11 phase: A 29Si and 27Al NMR study
