Structure and luminescence characteristics of quartz from pegmatites
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Abstract
Samples of pegmatite quartz from several localities in Norway and Namibia were investigated by cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy and spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements, and trace-element analysis (ICP-MS) to obtain information about their structure and luminescence characteristics.
The defect structure and trace-element composition of the pegmatite quartz samples that were studied differ from those of quartz of other origin (hydrothermal, igneous and metamorphic quartz). EPR measurements reveal an almost complete lack of intrinsic lattice defects associated with O or Si vacancies (e.g., E’ center, O23- center), whereas some trace elements (Al, Ti, Ge, Li) are apparently enriched and form paramagnetic centers. The results indicate that there possibly is a redistribution of alkali ions during electron irradiation. The diamagnetic [AlO4/M+]0 center transforms into the paramagnetic [AlO4]0 center, while the compensating ions diffuse away and may be captured by the diamagnetic precursor centers of [GeO4]0 and [TiO4]0 to form paramagnetic centers ([TiO4/Li+]0, [GeO4/Li+]0).
These defects result in a specific luminescence behavior, which is very similar for all samples. In general, quartz from pegmatites shows homogeneous CL without growth zoning or internal structures suggesting constant physicochemical conditions during crystal growth. The CL emission is dominated by a transient bluish-green CL, which disappears after 60.100 s of electron irradiation. The two main emission bands centered at 505 nm (2.45 eV) and 390 nm (3.18 eV) are probably related to alkali-compensated, trace-element centers in the quartz structure. Other CL emission bands, which are characteristic features of igneous, metamorphic, or hydrothermal quartz (e.g., at 450 nm = 2.75 eV, 580 nm = 2.14 eV, 650 nm = 1.91 eV) are almost completely lacking. This fact indicates that the defects responsible for these CL emissions are absent in pegmatite quartz.
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
- Contact metamorphism of the White Mountain Peak metavolcanic complex, eastern California
- Structure and luminescence characteristics of quartz from pegmatites
- Evidence for monazite-, barite-, and AgMnO4 (distorted barite)-type structures of CaSO4 at high pressure and temperature
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- Determination of defect structures in kaolin minerals by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)
- Mössbauer spectroscopy of omphacite and garnet pairs from eclogites: Application to geothermobarometry
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- Biotic and abiotic products of Mn(II) oxidation by spores of the marine Bacillus sp. strain SG-1
- The Mn, Mg-intracrystalline exchange reaction in donpeacorite (Mn0.54Ca0.03Mg1.43Si2O6) and its relation to the fractionation behavior of Mn in Fe, Mg-orthopyroxene
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