High-resolution SIMS U-Th-Pb geochronology of small-size (<5 μm) monazite: Constraints on the timing of Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit, South Qinling Orogen, central China
-
Lei Chen
, Albert H. Hofstra
, Xiao-Xiao Ling
, Xiao-Yan Liu
Abstract
Accurately determining the timing of hydrothermal mineralization for sediment-hosted disseminated gold (SHDG) deposits is difficult because of a lack of both suitable chronometers and in situ techniques with the required spatial resolution and precision. The lack of precise age determinations on gold deposits has hindered understanding of their genesis and relation to the geodynamic setting. The Qiuling-Jinlongshan deposit is a typical SHDG deposit located in the eastern South Qinling Orogen (SQO), with 109 t Au at an average grade of 6.17 g/t. Devonian and Carboniferous metasedimentary rocks host structurally controlled gold mineralization, which is associated with silica-carbonate alteration. Pyrite, arsenopyrite, and arsenian pyrite are major gold carriers, and gold also occurs as native gold grains and invisible gold in the sulfides. In this study, the well-defined hydrothermal overgrowth rims (~2 μm) of single monazite grains, associated with disseminated auriferous arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite in low-grade metasedimentary rocks, yield U-Pb ages of 239 ± 13 Ma (2σ) by high spatial resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The hydrothermal monazites are cogenetic to the primary gold mineralization where they are closely associated with gold-bearing sulfides. This new age implies that the early to middle Triassic mineralization event in the eastern SQO was related to the Triassic tectonic transition from compression to transpression in the Qinling Orogen after the closure of the Mianlue Ocean. This study highlights the 2-μm high spatial resolution SIMS monazite U-Th-Pb dating method as a powerful tool for determining the timing of SHDG deposits worldwide. It is crucial to examine monazite textures and their link to hydrothermal alteration before carrying out the isotopic dating of monazite.
Acknowledgments and Funding
We thank Hong-Xia Ma and Jiao Li for their help with the microanalytical sample preparation. We appreciate Jian-Wei Li, Shu-Guang Hua, Xin-Hui Liu, Gen-Min Li, and Tuan-Wei Liu for their help in the field. The manuscript benefited from detailed and constructive reviews by one anonymous reviewer and Xiao-Ping Xia, which are gratefully appreciated. We thank the editor Fang-Zhen Teng for editorial handling and useful suggestions. This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0702600) and the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41672092). Compliance with ethical standards: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Trace element fractionation in magnetite as a function of Fe depletion from ore fluids at the Baijian Fe-(Co) skarn deposit, eastern China: Implications for Co mineralization in Fe skarns
- Evidence for oceans pre-4300 Ma confirmed by preserved igneous compositions in Hadean zircon
- Experimental vs. natural fulgurite: A comparison and implications for the formation process
- Illitization of smectite influenced by chemical weathering and its potential control of anatase formation in altered volcanic ashes
- A modified genetic model for multiple pulsed mineralized processes at the giant Qulong porphyry Cu-Mo mineralization system
- Lead and noble gas isotopic constraints on the origin of Te-bearing adularia-sericite epithermal Au-Ag deposits in a calc-alkaline magmatic arc, NE China
- Wenlanzhangite–(Y) from the Yushui deposit, South China: A potential proxy for tracing the redox state of ore formation
- High-resolution SIMS U-Th-Pb geochronology of small-size (<5 μm) monazite: Constraints on the timing of Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit, South Qinling Orogen, central China
- An evolutionary system of mineralogy, Part VIII: The evolution of metamorphic minerals
- Gamma-enhancement of reflected light images as a routine method for assessment of compositional heterogeneity in common low-reflectance Fe-bearing minerals
- Polysomatic intergrowths between amphiboles and non-classical pyriboles in magnetite: Smallest-scale features recording a protracted geological history
- Mineralogical and geochemical facets of the massive deposition of stibnite-metastibnite at a seafloor hydrothermal field (Wakamiko Crater, Kagoshima Bay, Ryukyu Volcanic Arc)
- High-pressure phase transition in clinochlore: IIa polytype stabilization
- Memorial of Larry Wayne Finger (1940–2024)
Articles in the same Issue
- Trace element fractionation in magnetite as a function of Fe depletion from ore fluids at the Baijian Fe-(Co) skarn deposit, eastern China: Implications for Co mineralization in Fe skarns
- Evidence for oceans pre-4300 Ma confirmed by preserved igneous compositions in Hadean zircon
- Experimental vs. natural fulgurite: A comparison and implications for the formation process
- Illitization of smectite influenced by chemical weathering and its potential control of anatase formation in altered volcanic ashes
- A modified genetic model for multiple pulsed mineralized processes at the giant Qulong porphyry Cu-Mo mineralization system
- Lead and noble gas isotopic constraints on the origin of Te-bearing adularia-sericite epithermal Au-Ag deposits in a calc-alkaline magmatic arc, NE China
- Wenlanzhangite–(Y) from the Yushui deposit, South China: A potential proxy for tracing the redox state of ore formation
- High-resolution SIMS U-Th-Pb geochronology of small-size (<5 μm) monazite: Constraints on the timing of Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit, South Qinling Orogen, central China
- An evolutionary system of mineralogy, Part VIII: The evolution of metamorphic minerals
- Gamma-enhancement of reflected light images as a routine method for assessment of compositional heterogeneity in common low-reflectance Fe-bearing minerals
- Polysomatic intergrowths between amphiboles and non-classical pyriboles in magnetite: Smallest-scale features recording a protracted geological history
- Mineralogical and geochemical facets of the massive deposition of stibnite-metastibnite at a seafloor hydrothermal field (Wakamiko Crater, Kagoshima Bay, Ryukyu Volcanic Arc)
- High-pressure phase transition in clinochlore: IIa polytype stabilization
- Memorial of Larry Wayne Finger (1940–2024)