Startseite A neutron diffraction study of the hydrous borate inderborite, CaMg[B3O3(OH)5]2(H2O)4·2H2O
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A neutron diffraction study of the hydrous borate inderborite, CaMg[B3O3(OH)5]2(H2O)4·2H2O

  • G. Diego Gatta ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Enrico Cannaò , Davide Comboni , Tommaso Battiston und Oscar Fabelo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 9. Juli 2024
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American Mineralogist
Aus der Zeitschrift American Mineralogist Band 109 Heft 7

Abstract

The crystal chemistry of inderborite, a B-rich mineral (B2O3 ~41 wt%) with ideal formula CaMg[B3O3(OH)5]2·6H2O or CaMg[B3O3(OH)5]2(H2O)4(H2O)4·2H2O from the Inder Deposit, Kazakhstan, was re-investigated by a multi-methodological approach (single-crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction, electron probe micro-analysis in wavelength-dispersive mode, laser ablation multi-collector inductively mass spectrometry). The experimental findings show that the real chemical formula of inderborite from the Inder Deposit is virtually identical to the ideal one: the fraction of potential isomorphic substituents is insignificant. Boron is, therefore, the only industrially relevant element occurring in this mineral. The in situ B isotope composition of the Inder inderborite shows enrichment in the heavy 11B isotope, giving a weighted mean δ11BNIST951 of +35.15 ± 0.49 ‰ (2σ, N = 6). Such a positive δ11B value falls within the range of values in which the source of boron is ascribable to marine reservoirs rather than to terrestrial ones.

X-ray (at 293 K) and neutron (at 20 K) structure refinements confirm that the principal building block unit of the structure is a [B3O3(OH)5]2– ring, consisting of two BO2(OH)2 tetrahedra (B-ion in sp3 electronic configuration) and one planar-triangular BO2OH group (B-ion in sp2 electronic configuration). In the [B3O3(OH)5]2– ring, all the oxygen atoms that are not shared between two boron atoms are protonated. The building units share corners with the CaO2(OH)4(OH2)2 polyhedra and Mg(OH)4(OH2)2 octahedra, forming hetero-polyhedral sheets parallel to (100). Subsequent hetero-polyhedral sheets are mutually connected only by H-bonding interactions, even mediated by the zeolitic (“interstitial”) H2O molecules. Ten out of 11 independent oxygen sites in the structure of inderborite are involved in H-bonds as donors or acceptors, and this reflects the pervasive effect of the H-bonding network. The role played by the complex H-bond network is expected to be substantial on the stability of the crystalline edifice, having effects within the single hetero-polyhedral sheet, between subsequent sheets, and in the bonding with the interstitial zeolitic H2O molecules. Finally, the potential utilizations of inderborite, as a B-bearing mineral, are discussed.

Keywords: Inderborite; borates; mineral commodity; X-ray diffraction; neutron diffraction; crystal chemistry; hydrogen bonding

Funding statement: G.D.G., E.C., T.B., and D.C. acknowledge the support of the Italian Ministry of Education (MUR) through the projects “Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023-2027: Le Georisorse per la transizione ecologica e lo sviluppo territoriale” and “PRIN2017—Mineral reactivity, a key to understand large-scale processes” (2017L83S77).

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Institut Laue-Langevin (Grenoble, France) for the allocation of the beamtime (DOI: 10.5291/ILL-DATA.DIR-264) and the COSPECT UNITECH platform of the University of Milan for the X-ray diffraction and EPMA-WDS investigations. Gianluca Sessa is thanked for technical assistance during LA-MC-ICP-MS sessions. W. Depmeier, an anonymous reviewer, and the Associate Editor, O. Tschauner, are warmly thanked for the revision of the manuscript.

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Received: 2023-08-21
Accepted: 2023-10-03
Published Online: 2024-07-09
Published in Print: 2024-07-26

© 2024 by Mineralogical Society of America

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2023-9162
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Inderborite; borates; mineral commodity; X-ray diffraction; neutron diffraction; crystal chemistry; hydrogen bonding

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Reduced charge transfer in mixed-spin ferropericlase inferred from its high-pressure refractive index
  2. Stability of magnesite in the presence of hydrous fluids up to 12 GPa: Insights into subduction zone processes and carbon cycling in the Earth’s mantle
  3. Influence of Fe(II), Fe(III), and Al(III) isomorphic substitutions on acid-base properties of edge surfaces of cis-vacant montmorillonite: Insights from first-principles molecular dynamics simulations and surface complexation modeling
  4. The kinetic effect induced by variable cooling rate on the crystal-chemistry of spinel in basaltic systems revealed by EPMA mapping
  5. Machine-learning oxybarometer developed using zircon trace-element chemistry and its applications
  6. Experimental determination of Si, Mg, and Ca isotope fractionation during enstatite melt evaporation
  7. Quartz texture and the chemical composition fingerprint of ore-forming fluid evolution at the Bilihe porphyry Au deposit, NE China
  8. Zhengminghuaite, Cu6Fe3As4S12, a new sulfosalt mineral from the Zimudang Carlin-type gold deposit in southwestern Guizhou, China
  9. Magmatic degassing and fluid metasomatism promote compositional variation from I-type to peralkaline A-type granite in the late Cretaceous Fuzhou felsic complex, SE China
  10. The new mineral cuprozheshengite, Pb4CuZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2, from Yunnan, China, with site-selective As-P substitution
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  12. Bobfinchite, Na[(UO2)8O3(OH)11]·10H2O, a new Na-bearing member of the schoepite family
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  15. Local strain heterogeneity associated with Al/Si ordering in anorthite, CaAl2Si2O8, with implications for thermodynamic mixing behavior and trace element partitioning in plagioclase feldspars
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