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Scandio-winchite, ideally□(NaCa)(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)(OH)2: The first Sc-dominant amphibole-supergroup mineral from Jordanów Śląski, Lower Silesia, southwestern Poland

  • Adam Pieczka ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Marcin Stachowicz , Sylwia Zelek-Pogudz ORCID logo , Bożena Gołębiowska , Mateusz Sęk , Krzysztof Nejbert ORCID logo , Jakub Kotowski , Beata Marciniak-Maliszewska , Adam Szuszkiewicz , Eligiusz Szełęg , Katarzyna M. Stadnicka ORCID logo and Krzysztof Woźniak
Published/Copyright: May 4, 2024
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 109 Issue 5

Abstract

Scandio-winchite, the first natural Sc-dominant amphibole-supergroup mineral, has been discovered in a granitic pegmatite that crops out in close association with rodingite-like calc-silicate rocks and metasomatized granitic bodies in a serpentinite quarry at a Jordanów Śląski village near Sobótka, ~30 km south of Wrocław, Lower Silesia, SW Poland. It occurs as an isolated subhedral crystal, with the size of ~20 × 8 μm in planar section, and as three polycrystalline aggregates, up to 50 μm across, composed of needle-shaped crystals dominated by {110}. It is present within chlorite aggregates that supposedly represent remnants of partly recrystallized xenoliths of the blackwall chlorite schists and is in quartz-feldspar portions of the pegmatite adjoining such xenolithic assemblages. Owing to the scarcity of the material and the exceptionally small size of the crystals, the color, streak, and optical properties could not be measured. By analogy with other amphiboles, scandio-winchite has a vitreous luster, brittle tenacity, and a Mohs hardness of ~5½. The mineral shows an uneven fracture and {110} perfect cleavage, with an angle of ~56° between cleavage planes. The density calculated from the empirical formula and refined unit-cell parameters is 3.026 g/cm3. The holotype crystal is composed of (in wt%): 55.88 SiO2, 0.11 TiO2, 0.53 Al2O3, 9.22 Sc2O3, 0.44 MnO, 8.89 FeO, 12.77 MgO, 5.71 CaO, 4.12 Na2O, 0.17 K2O, and 2.09 H2Ocalc(+); total 99.93. The composition normalized on the basis of 22 O2− + 2 (OH)− ions corresponds to the empirical formula A(□0.966K0.031Na0.003)Σ1B(Na1.132Ca0.868)Σ2 C(Mg2.704Fe1.0552+Mn0.053Sc1.140Al0.023Ti0.012)Σ4.987T(Si7.935Al0.065)Σ8.000O22(OH)2, simplified formula (□,K)(Na,Ca)2[(Mg,Fe)4Sc](Si8O22)(OH)2, and the ideal formula □(NaCa)(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)(OH)2. The crystal structure was refined in the monoclinic system, space-group symmetry C2/m, with R1 index of 6.57%. Its unit-cell parameters are: a = 9.864(2) Å, b = 18.163(3) Å, c = 5.3053(16) Å, β = 104.41(3)°, V = 920.6(4) Å3; Z = 2, and the a:b:c ratio is 0.5431:1:0.2921. The crystal-structure refinement indicates almost exclusively Si-occupied T sites, the M4 sites occupied by nearly equal amounts of Na and Ca, M1 and M3 sites by divalent Mg + Fe cations, and M2 filled in equal proportions by divalent cations and Sc. These results, along with the dominant vacancy at the A site, univocally indicate that the mineral corresponds to a M2Sc-analog of winchite. Scandio-winchite is most likely a secondary phase of metasomatic origin related to the evolution of the country rocks and partial alteration of the blackwall chlorite schists xenolith induced by the pegmatitic melt and associated fluids.

Keywords: Scandium; new species of amphibole; scandio-winchite; composition; structure refinement; Jordanów Śląski; Poland

Acknowledgments and Funding

We thank Robert F. Martin, two anonymous reviewers, and the Associate Editor, Fabrizio Nestola, for their thorough and inspiring reviews as well as editorial handling that greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. We are also very grateful to Robert F. Martin for language corrections. This study was supported by the National Science Centre (Poland) grant 2019/33/B/ST10/00120 to AP.

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Received: 2023-02-13
Accepted: 2023-07-19
Published Online: 2024-05-04
Published in Print: 2024-05-27

© 2024 by Mineralogical Society of America

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2023-8974
Keywords for this article
Scandium; new species of amphibole; scandio-winchite; composition; structure refinement; Jordanów Śląski; Poland

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Perspectives
  2. Characterizing basalt-atmosphere interactions on Venus: A review of thermodynamic and experimental results
  3. Influence of crystallographic anisotropy on the electrical conductivity of apatite at high temperatures and high pressures
  4. Using pyrite composition to track the multi-stage fluids superimposed on a porphyry Cu system
  5. Geochemical discrimination of pyrite in diverse ore deposit types through statistical analysis and machine learning techniques
  6. Correlation between Si-Al disorder and hydrogen-bonding distance variation in ussingite (Na2AlSi3O8OH) revealed by one- and two-dimensional multi-nuclear NMR and first-principles calculation
  7. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction on the structure of (Al,Fe)-bearing bridgmanite in the lower mantle
  8. Multi-scale and multi-modal imaging study of mantle xenoliths and petrological implications
  9. Mineral and crystal chemical study of pseudo-C2/m non-metamict chevkinite-(Ce): An investigation into the intracrystalline distribution of LREE, HREE, and octahedral cations in samples from the Azores and Pakistan
  10. Evolution of layering in a migmatite sample: Implications for the petrogenesis of multidomain monazite and zircon
  11. Waipouaite, Ca3 (V4.54+V0.55+) O9[(Si2O5(OH)2][Si3O7.5(OH)1.5]·11H2O, a new polyoxovanadate mineral from the Aranga Quarry, New Zealand
  12. Scandio-winchite, ideally□(NaCa)(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)(OH)2: The first Sc-dominant amphibole-supergroup mineral from Jordanów Śląski, Lower Silesia, southwestern Poland
  13. Znucalite, the only known zinc uranyl carbonate: Its crystal structure and environmental implications
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