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Discrete late Jurassic Sn mineralizing events in the Xianghualing Ore District, South China: Constraints from cassiterite and garnet U-Pb geochronology

  • Kexin Wang , Degao Zhai ORCID logo , Anthony E. Williams-Jones , Dengfeng Li and Jiajun Liu
Published/Copyright: July 10, 2023
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 108 Issue 7

Abstract

Numerous skarn-type Sn deposits have been identified in the Nanling Range (South China), of which the Shizhuyuan W-Sn-Bi-Mo, Xianghualing Sn, Jinchuantang Sn-Bi, and Hehuaping Sn deposits are the largest. The Xianghualing deposit, which is the focus of this study, hosts a resource of 0.17 Mt Sn grading 0.93–1.39 wt% SnO2. Whether the distal skarn-type mineralization and the cassiteritesulfide vein-type orebody in the Xianghualing district are genetically related to the Laiziling granitic pluton, which produced the proximal skarn-type Sn mineralization, however, is still unknown. The Xianghualing Sn mineralization occurs exclusively as cassiterite and has been subdivided into four ore-types: (1) lenticular proximal skarn ore (Cst I) containing the mineral assemblage cassiteritepyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-actinolite-wollastonite; (2) layered distal skarn ore (Cst II) containing the mineral assemblage cassiterite-pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-actinolite; (3) vein cassiterite-sulfide ore (Cst III) distal from the skarn and associated granite containing the mineral assemblage cassiterite-arsenopyrite-pyrrhotite-muscovite-fluorite; and (4) veinlet Sn-Pb-Zn ore (Cst IV) distal from the skarn and associated granite containing the mineral assemblage cassiterite-galena-sphalerite-topaz-quartz. Here, we report the results of in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb age determinations for garnet from the Xianghualing skarn and the above four types of cassiterite. Our age determinations indicate that there were two independent magmatic-hydrothermal events at ~160 and 156~150 Ma, both of which led to Sn mineralization. The first Sn mineralization event at ~160 Ma (Cst IV U-Pb ages of 159.6 ± 1.4 to 158.5 ± 0.8 Ma) is interpreted to have been associated with a speculative unexposed granitic pluton, which is coeval with the nearby Jianfengling granite intrusion. The second Sn mineralization event at 156~150 Ma (Cst I to Cst III U-Pb ages of 155.9 ± 0.7 to 152.3 ± 1.1 Ma and garnet U-Pb ages of 153.6 ± 7.6 to 151.5 ± 3.5 Ma) is genetically related to the adjacent Laiziling granitic intrusion (152.8 ± 1.2 Ma, zircon U-Pb age). This event was responsible for the bulk of the Sn resource (>95%). Our age determinations provide convincing evidence for superimposed Jurassic Sn mineralizing systems at Xianghualing. They also show the value of combining garnet and cassiterite U-Pb age determinations to constrain the timing of skarn and Sn mineralization and distinguish discrete Sn mineralizing events in a protracted metallogenic history.

Keywords: Cassiterite U-Pb dating; Garnet U-Pb dating; Xianghualing Sn deposit; Late Jurassic; South China

Acknowledgments and Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 42122012 and 92062219), the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant 2018YFC0603901), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grants QZ05201904 and 2652018169), and the 111 Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology (BP0719021). We thank the leaders and employees of the Xianghualing Sn Industry Co., Ltd. for their wholehearted support during the field investigation. We appreciate Hongyu Zhang, Yubo Yang, Huan Wang, and Can Rao for their help during the analysis. We thank Donald W. Davis and Ryan Mathur for their insightful reviews, which considerably improved this paper. Associate Editor Daniel Gregory is thanked for his editorial help and useful suggestions.

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Received: 2021-12-12
Accepted: 2022-08-18
Published Online: 2023-07-10
Published in Print: 2023-07-26

© 2023 by Mineralogical Society of America

Articles in the same Issue

  1. On the origin of fluorine-poor apatite in chondrite parent bodies
  2. Fluorine behavior during experimental muscovite dehydration melting and natural partitioning between micas: Implications for the petrogenesis of peraluminous leucogranites and pegmatites
  3. Telescoped boiling and cooling mechanisms triggered hydrothermal stibnite precipitation: Insights from the world’s largest antimony deposit in Xikuangshan China
  4. MSA Distinguished Lecturer Series Correlations between cathodoluminescence intensity and aluminum concentration in low-temperature hydrothermal quartz
  5. Behavior of hydrogen defect and framework of Fe-bearing wadsleyite and ringwoodite at high temperature and high pressure
  6. What is mineral informatics?
  7. Metal source and hydrothermal evolution of the Jiaoxi quartz vein-type tungsten deposit (Tibet): Insights from textural and compositional variations of wolframite and scheelite
  8. Geochemical processes and mechanisms for cesium enrichment in a hot-spring system
  9. Identifying xenocrystic tourmaline in Himalayan leucogranites
  10. Contrasting alteration textures and geochemistry of allanite from uranium-fertile and barren granites: Insights into granite-related U and ion-adsorption REE mineralization
  11. Feiite: Synthesis, stability, and implications for its formation conditions in nature
  12. Thermal equation of state of Fe3O4 magnetite up to 16 GPa and 1100 K
  13. UHP eclogite from western Dabie records evidence of polycyclic burial during continental subduction
  14. CO2 quantification in silicate glasses using μ-ATR FTIR spectroscopy
  15. Local structure determination of Zn-smectite
  16. A new UHP unit in the Western Alps: First occurrence of coesite from the Monviso Massif (Italy)
  17. Mineral evolution and mineral niches of ammonium sulfates: The case of Pastora mine, Aliseda, Spain
  18. Discrete late Jurassic Sn mineralizing events in the Xianghualing Ore District, South China: Constraints from cassiterite and garnet U-Pb geochronology
  19. Ryabchikovite, CuMg(Si2O6), a new pyroxene group mineral, and some genetic features of natural anhydrous copper silicates
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8412
Keywords for this article
Cassiterite U-Pb dating; Garnet U-Pb dating; Xianghualing Sn deposit; Late Jurassic; South China

Articles in the same Issue

  1. On the origin of fluorine-poor apatite in chondrite parent bodies
  2. Fluorine behavior during experimental muscovite dehydration melting and natural partitioning between micas: Implications for the petrogenesis of peraluminous leucogranites and pegmatites
  3. Telescoped boiling and cooling mechanisms triggered hydrothermal stibnite precipitation: Insights from the world’s largest antimony deposit in Xikuangshan China
  4. MSA Distinguished Lecturer Series Correlations between cathodoluminescence intensity and aluminum concentration in low-temperature hydrothermal quartz
  5. Behavior of hydrogen defect and framework of Fe-bearing wadsleyite and ringwoodite at high temperature and high pressure
  6. What is mineral informatics?
  7. Metal source and hydrothermal evolution of the Jiaoxi quartz vein-type tungsten deposit (Tibet): Insights from textural and compositional variations of wolframite and scheelite
  8. Geochemical processes and mechanisms for cesium enrichment in a hot-spring system
  9. Identifying xenocrystic tourmaline in Himalayan leucogranites
  10. Contrasting alteration textures and geochemistry of allanite from uranium-fertile and barren granites: Insights into granite-related U and ion-adsorption REE mineralization
  11. Feiite: Synthesis, stability, and implications for its formation conditions in nature
  12. Thermal equation of state of Fe3O4 magnetite up to 16 GPa and 1100 K
  13. UHP eclogite from western Dabie records evidence of polycyclic burial during continental subduction
  14. CO2 quantification in silicate glasses using μ-ATR FTIR spectroscopy
  15. Local structure determination of Zn-smectite
  16. A new UHP unit in the Western Alps: First occurrence of coesite from the Monviso Massif (Italy)
  17. Mineral evolution and mineral niches of ammonium sulfates: The case of Pastora mine, Aliseda, Spain
  18. Discrete late Jurassic Sn mineralizing events in the Xianghualing Ore District, South China: Constraints from cassiterite and garnet U-Pb geochronology
  19. Ryabchikovite, CuMg(Si2O6), a new pyroxene group mineral, and some genetic features of natural anhydrous copper silicates
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