Home Physical Sciences Nucleation of Th-rich cerianite on halloysite surface in a regolith-hosted rare earth elements deposit in South China
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Nucleation of Th-rich cerianite on halloysite surface in a regolith-hosted rare earth elements deposit in South China

  • Xiangjie Cui , Huan Liu , Xiancai Lu EMAIL logo , Juan Li , Jiani Chen , Ting-Shan Chan , Xiandong Liu ORCID logo and Rucheng Wang
Published/Copyright: March 30, 2023
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 108 Issue 4

Abstract

The ion-adsorption rare earth element (REE) deposit, a valuable type of REE deposit, has been thought to be derived from the release and enrichment of REE during granite weathering. Understanding the REE occurrence in regolith-hosted deposits is crucial for more eficient extraction. We investigated a weathering granite profile of a regolith-hosted REE deposit located in South China. X-ray difraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis of the clay fractions reveal that the highest Ce(IV) content located in intensely weathered layers and cerianite nanoparticles (CeNPs) can be observed, besides invisible adsorbed REEs. Interestingly, most of the CeNPs scatter on halloysite basal surface and exhibit preferred orientation. Detailed analysis demonstrates that the diagonal plane of cerianite matches with the exposed basal surfaces (Si-O tetrahedron) of halloysite. Such a lattice match may contribute to the nucleation and growth of CeNPs after oxidation of the adsorbed Ce(III), which results in great REE enrichment by clays. The findings provide new insight into the mechanism of Ce precipitation and REE mineralization during granite weathering.

Keywords: Nucleation; halloysite; lattice match; cerianite; ion-adsorption rare earth element deposit; South China

Funding statement: We acknowledge the National Science Foundation of China (41730316, 41902032, and 41425009). X.C. and H.L. are also supported by the Research Funds for the Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (14380133, 14380104). We are appreciative for the beamline of BL16A1 and BL01C1 in NSRRC for the XANES analysis

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Received: 2021-11-17
Accepted: 2022-04-23
Published Online: 2023-03-30
Published in Print: 2023-04-25

© 2023 by Mineralogical Society of America

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  18. Acceptance of the Mineralogical Society of America Award for 2022
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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8391
Keywords for this article
Nucleation; halloysite; lattice match; cerianite; ion-adsorption rare earth element deposit; South China

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Mineralogy and geochemistry of hot spring deposits at Námafjall, Iceland: Analog for sulfate soils at Gusev crater, Mars
  2. The iron spin transition of deep nitrogen-bearing mineral Fe3N1.2 at high pressure
  3. Hydrogen occupation and hydrogen-induced volume expansion in Fe0.9Ni0.1Dx at high P-T conditions
  4. Volumes and spin states of FeHx: Implication for the density and temperature of the Earth’s core
  5. Thermodynamic characterization of synthetic lead-arsenate apatites with different halogen substitutions
  6. Structural changes in shocked tektite and their implications to impact-induced glass formation
  7. Characterization of vandenbrandeite: A potential alteration product of spent nuclear fuel
  8. The NaCl-CaCO3 and NaCl-MgCO3 systems at 6 GPa: Link between saline and carbonatitic diamond forming melts
  9. Single-crystal elasticity of (Al,Fe)-bearing bridgmanite up to 82 GPa
  10. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of fluorapatite to 61 GPa
  11. Iron and aluminum substitution mechanism in the perovskite phase in the system MgSiO3-FeAlO3-MgO
  12. Ultrasonic studies of alkali-rich hydrous silicate glasses: Elasticity, density, and implications for water dissolution mechanisms
  13. Gadolinium-dominant monazite and xenotime: Selective hydrothermal enrichment of middle REE during low-temperature alteration of uraninite, brannerite, and fluorapatite (the Zimná Voda REE-U-Au quartz vein, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)
  14. Nucleation of Th-rich cerianite on halloysite surface in a regolith-hosted rare earth elements deposit in South China
  15. Presentation of the Dana Medal of the Mineralogical Society of America for 2022 to Cin-Ty Lee
  16. Acceptance of the Dana Medal of the Mineralogical Society of America for 2022
  17. Presentation of the Mineralogical Society of America Award for 2022 to Benjamin M. Tutolo
  18. Acceptance of the Mineralogical Society of America Award for 2022
  19. Presentation of the 2022 Roebling Medal of the Mineralogical Society of America to John W. Valley
  20. Acceptance of the 2022 Roebling Medal of the Mineralogical Society of America
  21. New Mineral Names
  22. Book Review
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