Abstract
To investigate halogen heterogeneity in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), we measured the concentrations of Cl, Br, and I in kimberlites and their mantle xenoliths from South Africa, Greenland, China, Siberia, Canada, and Brazil. The samples can be classified into two groups based on halogen ratios: a high-I/Br group (South Africa, Greenland, Brazil, and Canada) and a low-I/Br group (China and Siberia). The halogen compositions were examined with the indices of crustal contamination using Sr and Nd isotopes and incompatible trace elements. The results indicate that the difference between the two groups was not due to different degrees of crustal contamination but from the contributions of different mantle sources. The low-I/Br group has a similar halogen composition to seawater-influenced materials such as fluids in altered oceanic basalts and eclogites and fluids associated with halite precipitation from seawater. We conclude that the halogens of the high-I/Br group are most likely derived from a SCLM source metasomatized by a fluid derived from subducted serpentinite, whereas those of the low-I/Br group are derived from a SCLM source metasomatized by a fluid derived from seawater-altered oceanic crust. The SCLM beneath Siberia and China could be an important reservoir of subducted, seawater-derived halogens, while such role of SCLM beneath South Africa, Greenland, Canada, and Brazil seems limited.
Funding statement: This study was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) grants Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) No. 20740314 and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. 23340169, and by the Sumitomo Foundation and Inamori Foundation, all conceded to H. Sumino.
Acknowledgments
This paper is dedicated to the memory of Y. Muramatsu (1950–2016), who was the pioneer of halogen analysis in geochemistry and a great mentor of C. Toyama and N. Okabe. J. Yamamoto and I. Kaneoka appreciate Y. Lai (Univ. Beijing), H. Kagi (Univ. Tokyo), and Y. Tachibana (Univ. Tokyo) for their help in collecting the Chinese kimberlites. We thank K.H. Wedepohl (Univ. Goettingen), A.M. Gaffney (Univ. Washington), M. Arima (Yokohama National Univ.), A. Motoki (State Univ. Rio de Janeiro), V.S. Kamenetsky, and M.B. Kamenetsky (Univ. Tasmania), and A.L. Araujo and S.E. Sichel (LAGEMAR, UFF) for providing the kimberlite samples from South Africa, Greenland, Canada, Siberia, and Brazil. We thank J. Kimura (JAMSTEC), M. Broadley (CRPG, CNRS-Nancy), and R. Burgess (Univ. Manchester) for their useful comments and J. Hopp and an anonymous reviewer for constructive reviews. Handling of the paper with great patience by A. Cadoux is very much appreciated.
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© 2021 Mineralogical Society of America
Articles in the same Issue
- Contrasting magma compositions between Cu and Au mineralized granodiorite intrusions in the Tongling ore district in South China using apatite chemical composition and Sr-Nd isotopes
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Articles in the same Issue
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