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Al and Si diffusion in rutile

  • Daniele J. Cherniak EMAIL logo und E. Bruce Watson
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 2. November 2019
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American Mineralogist
Aus der Zeitschrift American Mineralogist Band 104 Heft 11

Abstract

Diffusion of Al and Si has been measured in synthetic and natural rutile under anhydrous conditions. Experiments used Al2O3 or Al2O3-TiO2 powder mixtures for Al diffusant sources, and SiO2-TiO2 powder mixtures or quartz-rutile diffusion couples for Si. Experiments were run in air in crimped Pt capsules, or in sealed silica glass ampoules with solid buffers (to buffer at NNO or IW). Al profiles were measured with Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) using the reaction 27Al(p,g)28Si. Rutherford Backscattering spectrometry (RBS) was used to measure Si diffusion profiles, with RBS also used in measurements of Al to complement NRA profiles. We determine the following Arrhenius relations from these measurements: For Al diffusion parallel to c, for experiments buffered at NNO, over the temperature range 1100–1400 °C:

DAl = 1.21 × 10–2 exp(–531 ± 27 kJ/mol-1/RT) m2s-1.

For Si diffusion parallel to c, for both unbuffered and NNO-buffered experiments, over the temperature range 1100–1450 °C:

DSi = 8.53 × 10–13 exp(–254 ± 31 kJ/mol-1/RT) m2s-1.

Diffusion normal to (100) is similar to diffusion normal to (001) for both Al and Si, indicating little diffusional anisotropy for these elements. Diffusivities measured for synthetic and natural rutile are in good agreement, indicating that these diffusion parameters can be applied in evaluating diffusivities in rutile in natural systems Diffusivities of Al and Si for experiments buffered at IW are faster (by a half to three-quarters of a log unit) than those buffered at NNO.

Si and Al are among the slowest-diffusing species in rutile measured thus far. Diffusivities of Al and Si are significantly slower than the diffusion of Pb and slower than the diffusion of tetravalent Zr and Hf and pentavalent Nb and Ta. These data indicate that Al compositional information will be strongly retained in rutile, providing evidence for the robustness of the recently developed Al in rutile thermobarometer. For example, at 900 °C, Al compositional information would be preserved over ~3 Gyr in the center of 250 mm radius rutile grains, but Zr compositional information would be preserved for only about 300 000 yr at this temperature. Al-in-rutile compositions will also be much better preserved during subsolidus thermal events subsequent to crystallization than those for Ti-in-quartz and Zr-in-titanite crystallization thermometers.

Keywords: Rutile; diffusion; aluminum; silicon; Rutherford backscattering; nuclear reaction analysis; geothermometry; geobarometry

Acknowledgments and Funding

This work was supported by NSF grant no. 1551381 to E.B.W. We thank Christopher Hoff for helpful discussions about Al and Si uptake in rutile. Constructive comments by reviewers Ralf Dohmen and Elias Bloch and Associate Editor Antonio Acosta-Vigil helped in improving the final version of the manuscript.

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Received: 2019-03-04
Accepted: 2019-07-26
Published Online: 2019-11-02
Published in Print: 2019-11-26

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Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Crossroads in Earth and Planetary Materials
  2. Computer modeling of apparently straight bond angles: The intriguing case of all-silica ferrierite
  3. Composite materials based on zeolite stilbite from Faroe Islands for the removal of fluoride from drinking water
  4. The Italian Solfatara as an analog for Mars fumarolic alteration
  5. Change of crackling noise in granite by thermal damage: Monitoring nuclear waste deposits
  6. Constraining the timing and character of crustal melting in the Adirondack Mountains using multi-scale compositional mapping and in-situ monazite geochronology
  7. Melting in the Fe-FeO system to 204 GPa: Implications for oxygen in Earth’s core
  8. Controls on tetrahedral Fe(III) abundance in 2:1 phyllosilicates
  9. Stability, composition, and crystal structure of Fe-bearing Phase E in the transition zone
  10. Enrichment of manganese to spessartine saturation in granite-pegmatite systems
  11. Al and Si diffusion in rutile
  12. Sound velocity of neon at high pressures and temperatures by Brillouin scattering
  13. A Cr3+ luminescence study of natural topaz Al2SiO4(F,OH)2 up to 60 GPa
  14. Two generations of exsolution lamellae in pyroxene from Asuka 09545: Clues to the thermal evolution of silicates in mesosiderite
  15. Crystallographic and fluid compositional effects on the halogen (Cl, F, Br, I) incorporation in pyromorphite-group minerals
  16. Diffusion of F and Cl in dry rhyodacitic melt
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-7030
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Rutile; diffusion; aluminum; silicon; Rutherford backscattering; nuclear reaction analysis; geothermometry; geobarometry

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Crossroads in Earth and Planetary Materials
  2. Computer modeling of apparently straight bond angles: The intriguing case of all-silica ferrierite
  3. Composite materials based on zeolite stilbite from Faroe Islands for the removal of fluoride from drinking water
  4. The Italian Solfatara as an analog for Mars fumarolic alteration
  5. Change of crackling noise in granite by thermal damage: Monitoring nuclear waste deposits
  6. Constraining the timing and character of crustal melting in the Adirondack Mountains using multi-scale compositional mapping and in-situ monazite geochronology
  7. Melting in the Fe-FeO system to 204 GPa: Implications for oxygen in Earth’s core
  8. Controls on tetrahedral Fe(III) abundance in 2:1 phyllosilicates
  9. Stability, composition, and crystal structure of Fe-bearing Phase E in the transition zone
  10. Enrichment of manganese to spessartine saturation in granite-pegmatite systems
  11. Al and Si diffusion in rutile
  12. Sound velocity of neon at high pressures and temperatures by Brillouin scattering
  13. A Cr3+ luminescence study of natural topaz Al2SiO4(F,OH)2 up to 60 GPa
  14. Two generations of exsolution lamellae in pyroxene from Asuka 09545: Clues to the thermal evolution of silicates in mesosiderite
  15. Crystallographic and fluid compositional effects on the halogen (Cl, F, Br, I) incorporation in pyromorphite-group minerals
  16. Diffusion of F and Cl in dry rhyodacitic melt
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Heruntergeladen am 22.9.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.2138/am-2019-7030/html
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