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Trace element zoning in hornblende: Tracking and modeling the crystallization of a calc-alkaline arc pluton

  • Calvin G. Barnes EMAIL logo , Ryan Berry , Melanie A. Barnes and W.G. Ernst
Published/Copyright: November 30, 2017
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 102 Issue 12

Abstract

Recent studies of arc volcanic systems have shown that major and trace element zoning in calcic amphibole yields information about magmatic processes such as fractional crystallization and mixing. Similar studies of plutonic amphibole are scant, yet hold the potential to yield comparable information. To that end, calcic amphibole from late-stage rocks of the English Peak plutonic complex (EPC; Klamath Mountains, northern California) was analyzed in situ, in textural context. The pluton’s late stage consists of three nested intrusive units inwardly zoned from tonalite to granite. Bulk-rock compositions and U-Pb (zircon) ages are consistent either with internal fractional crystallization of a single magma batch or with episodic emplacement of successively evolved magmas, ± magma mixing. Major and trace element abundances and zoning patterns in hornblende (s.l.) are used to test these two interpretations, identify specific magmatic units, determine the temperature range of hornblende stability, and model magma crystallization. In each mapped unit, euhedral to subhedral hornblende displays prominent olive-brown core zones that crystallized at 880–775 °C. Cores are embayed and rimmed by green hornblende crystallized from 775–690 °C. These distinctions are preserved even in samples with moderate deuteric alteration. Some trace elements (Zr, Hf, Sr, Ti, V) decrease monotonically from core to rim, suggesting co-precipitation of hornblende with plagioclase, ilmenite, and zircon. Others (Ba, Rb) are approximately constant in highest-T core zones, then decrease, consistent with onset of biotite crystallization. In contrast, initial rim-ward decreases in Sc, Y, and REE change to near-constant values within olive-brown cores, a change modeled by a decrease in bulk partition coefficients (D) due to onset of biotite crystallization. These elements then increase in abundance in green rims, with as much as a fourfold enrichment. Such enrichments can result from resorption/ re-precipitation attending changing P and T during final emplacement, whereby trace elements in core zones were redistributed to the rims. Although hornblende compositions from the three zones are similar, outer-zone hornblende has higher Ti, Ba, Sc, and REE, whereas interior-zone hornblende has higher Mn. These differences are consistent with episodic ascent of compositionally similar but not identical magmas from a mid-crustal reservoir. Evidence for in situ magma mixing is lacking in hornblende. Core-to-rim decrease in Zr indicates hornblende and zircon crystallized together, at T as high as 880 °C. Because zircon saturation thermometry yields T estimates <720 °C for all EPC samples, many of the analyzed rocks are inferred to be cumulates. This study illustrates the utility of detailed major and trace element analysis of hornblende as a means to identify magmatic units and model petrogenetic processes in calc-alkaline granitic rocks.

Keywords: Hornblende; trace element zoning; granite petrogenesis; calc-alkaline

Acknowledgments

This study utilized mapping, sampling, and petrographic descriptions in Ph.D. dissertations by Seyfert (1965) and Schmidt (1994) and our fieldwork was assisted by Ken Johnson, Katie Gates, and David Atwood. We thank Kevin Werts and George Morgan for their able assistance in the laboratory and John Dilles for interesting discussions about plutonic hornblende. The manuscript was improved by helpful reviews by Madeleine Humphreys and Jade Star Lackey and editorial handling by Adam Kent. Early stages of this work were supported by NSF grants EAR-8720141 and EAR-9117103 to Barnes.

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Received: 2016-12-23
Accepted: 2017-8-11
Published Online: 2017-11-30
Published in Print: 2017-12-20

© 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Special Collection: Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth
  2. Multiple-reaction geobarometry for olivine-bearing igneous rocks
  3. Special Collection: Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth
  4. Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption
  5. Special Collection: Nanominerals and Mineral Nanoparticles
  6. The nanocrystalline structure of basaluminite, an aluminum hydroxide sulfate from acid mine drainage
  8. Trace element zoning in hornblende: Tracking and modeling the crystallization of a calc-alkaline arc pluton
  10. Toward the wider application of 29Si NMR spectroscopy to paramagnetic transition metal silicate minerals: Copper(II) silicates
  12. Extraterrestrial formation of oldhamite and portlandite through thermal metamorphism of calcite in the Sutter’s Mill carbonaceous chondrite
  14. Age discordance and mineralogy
  16. Melting relations in the system CaCO3-MgCO3 at 6 GPa
  18. Electrical conductivity of mudstone (before and after dehydration at high P-T) and a test of high conductivity layers in the crust
  20. The solubility of CePO4 monazite and YPO4 xenotime in KCl-H2O fluids at 800 °C and 1.0 GPa: Implications for REE transport in high-grade crustal fluids
  22. Mineralogical, geochemical, and textural indicators of crystal accumulation in the Adamello Batholith (Northern Italy)
  24. Stability field of the Cl-rich scapolite marialite
  26. The equation of state of wadsleyite solid solutions: Constraining the effects of anisotropy and crystal chemistry
  28. An experimental approach to quantify the effect of tetrahedral boron in tourmaline on the boron isotope fractionation between tourmaline and fluid
  30. A qualitative and quantitative investigation of partitioning and local structure of arsenate in barite lattice during coprecipitation of barium, sulfate, and arsenate
  32. The origin of needle-like rutile inclusions in natural gem corundum: A combined EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, and nano-SIMS investigation—Discussion
  34. The origin of needle-like rutile inclusions in natural gem corundum: A combined EMPA, LA-ICP-MS, and nano-SIMS investigation—Reply
  36. New Mineral Names
  37. Errata
  38. Raman spectroscopy of water-rich stishovite and dense high-pressure silica up to 55 GPa
  39. Errata
  40. A new clinopyroxene-liquid barometer, and implications for magma storage pressures under Icelandic rift zones
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6063
Keywords for this article
Hornblende; trace element zoning; granite petrogenesis; calc-alkaline

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Special Collection: Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth
  2. Multiple-reaction geobarometry for olivine-bearing igneous rocks
  3. Special Collection: Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth
  4. Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption
  5. Special Collection: Nanominerals and Mineral Nanoparticles
  6. The nanocrystalline structure of basaluminite, an aluminum hydroxide sulfate from acid mine drainage
  8. Trace element zoning in hornblende: Tracking and modeling the crystallization of a calc-alkaline arc pluton
  10. Toward the wider application of 29Si NMR spectroscopy to paramagnetic transition metal silicate minerals: Copper(II) silicates
  12. Extraterrestrial formation of oldhamite and portlandite through thermal metamorphism of calcite in the Sutter’s Mill carbonaceous chondrite
  14. Age discordance and mineralogy
  16. Melting relations in the system CaCO3-MgCO3 at 6 GPa
  18. Electrical conductivity of mudstone (before and after dehydration at high P-T) and a test of high conductivity layers in the crust
  20. The solubility of CePO4 monazite and YPO4 xenotime in KCl-H2O fluids at 800 °C and 1.0 GPa: Implications for REE transport in high-grade crustal fluids
  22. Mineralogical, geochemical, and textural indicators of crystal accumulation in the Adamello Batholith (Northern Italy)
  24. Stability field of the Cl-rich scapolite marialite
  26. The equation of state of wadsleyite solid solutions: Constraining the effects of anisotropy and crystal chemistry
  28. An experimental approach to quantify the effect of tetrahedral boron in tourmaline on the boron isotope fractionation between tourmaline and fluid
  30. A qualitative and quantitative investigation of partitioning and local structure of arsenate in barite lattice during coprecipitation of barium, sulfate, and arsenate
  32. The origin of needle-like rutile inclusions in natural gem corundum: A combined EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, and nano-SIMS investigation—Discussion
  34. The origin of needle-like rutile inclusions in natural gem corundum: A combined EMPA, LA-ICP-MS, and nano-SIMS investigation—Reply
  36. New Mineral Names
  37. Errata
  38. Raman spectroscopy of water-rich stishovite and dense high-pressure silica up to 55 GPa
  39. Errata
  40. A new clinopyroxene-liquid barometer, and implications for magma storage pressures under Icelandic rift zones
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