Abstract
Solid solutions of (Mg,Fe)O with high iron enrichment may be an important component of ultralow-velocity zones at Earth’s core-mantle boundary. However, to date there have been few high-precision studies on the elastic properties of these materials. In this study we present results on the compression of (Mg0.22Fe0.78)O magnesiowüstite in both neon and helium pressure media using single-crystal diffraction to ~55 GPa. In addition, our sample was characterized by time-domain synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy at ambient pressure using an extended time range that resulted in vastly improved energy resolution. The combination of these high-resolution techniques tightly constrains the presence of a defect-structure component at room pressure due to 4.7 mol% tetrahedrally coordinated ferric iron, resulting in a renormalized composition of (Mg0.215Fe0.762□0.023)O. Both high-pressure diffraction data sets are well described by a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state. The best fit-parameters for a crystal with cubic structure in helium are K0T = 148(3) GPa, K′0T = 4.09(12), and V0 = 78.87(6) Å3. Increasing differential stress in the neon-containing sample chamber was correlated with increasing apparent distortion of the initially cubic unit cell, requiring a lower-symmetry hexagonal cell to fit the data above ~20 GPa. For fit equations of state, we determine the pressure-dependent correlation ellipses for the equation of state parameters and compare with previously published single-crystal diffraction data from (Mg,Fe)O crystals in a helium medium. We make two main observations from the data sets using a helium pressure medium: K0T decreases as a function of increasing iron content from periclase to wüstite and K′0T is consistent with an approximately constant value of 4.0 that is independent of iron content, at least up to the iron concentration measured here. In combination with previously reported thermal parameters, we compute the density of magnesiowüstite with this composition at core-mantle boundary conditions and discuss the implications.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by National Science Foundation (EAR) CSEDI-1161046, CAREER-0956166, and the Caltech Seismological Laboratory Director’s Postdoctoral Fellowship. The GSECARS gas-loading system, APS Sector 3, and GSECARS PX2 are partially supported by COMPRES. We are thankful for the single-crystal sample provided to us by Stephen J. Mackwell. We thank Natalia Solomatova, Rachel Morrison, Przemek Dera, Jiyong Zhao, Wenli Bi, Christine Beavers, Simon Teat, Vitali Prakapenka, Clemens Prescher, and Sergey Tkachev for their assistance with our experiments. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, which helped to improve the manuscript.
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Articles in the same Issue
- How many boron minerals occur in Earth’s upper crust?
- Outlooks in Earth and Planetary Materials
- Network analysis of mineralogical systems
- Special collection: From magmas to ore deposits
- Geochemistry of the Cretaceous Kaskanak Batholith and genesis of the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, Southwest Alaska
- Special collection: From magmas to ore deposits
- Physicochemical controls on bismuth mineralization: An example from Moutoulas, Serifos Island, Cyclades, Greece
- Special collection: Earth analogs for martian geological materials and processes
- Geochemistry and mineralogy of a saprolite developed on Columbia River Basalt: Secondary clay formation, element leaching, and mass balance during weathering
- Special collection: Apatite: A common mineral, uncommonly versatile
- An ab-initio study of the energetics and geometry of sulfide, sulfite, and sulfate incorporation into apatite: The thermodynamic basis for using this system as an oxybarometer
- Special collection: Dynamics of magmatic processes
- The role of modifier cations in network cation coordination increases with pressure in aluminosilicate glasses and melts from 1 to 3 GPa
- Nitrides and carbonitrides from the lowermost mantle and their importance in the search for Earth’s “lost” nitrogen
- Accounting for the species-dependence of the 3500 cm−1 H2Ot infrared molar absorptivity coefficient: Implications for hydrated volcanic glasses
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- Reconstructive phase transitions induced by temperature in gmelinite-Na zeolite
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