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From the Hadean to the Himalaya: 4.4 Ga of felsic terrestrial magmatism

  • T. Mark Harrison EMAIL logo and Matthew M. Wielicki
Published/Copyright: June 3, 2016
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 101 Issue 6

Abstract

Detrital zircons as old as nearly 4.4 Ga offer insights into the earliest moments of Earth history. Results of geochemical investigations of these grains have been interpreted to indicate their formation in near-H2O saturated meta- and peraluminous magmas under a relatively low (15–30 °C/km) geotherm. A key feature in pursuing a petrotectonic model that explains the full spectrum of these observations is their seeming contrast to most Phanerozoic magmatic zircons, specifically their low Ti-in-zircon crystallization temperatures and inclusion assemblages. The ~22 Ma Arunachal leucogranites of the eastern Himalaya appear, however, to be a rare exception to this generality. They show large-ion lithophile covariance trends indicative of wet basement melting together with a normal distribution of magmatic crystallization temperatures about an average of 660 °C. In the same fashion as Hadean zircons, Arunachal leucogranite and host gneiss zircons are dominated by muscovite + quartz inclusions that yield formation pressures of 5–15 kbars. We suggest that the Arunachal leucogranites originated in the hanging wall of a megathrust that carried H2O-rich foreland sediments to depths of >20 km whereupon de-watering reactions released fluids that fluxed hanging wall anatexis. Modeling suggests the thermal structure of this continental collision environment may have been broadly similar to a Hadean ocean-continent subduction zone. The similarity of these two environments, separated by over 4 Ga may explain seemingly common features of the Hadean and Arunachal leucogranite zircons. Their key difference is the absence of metaluminous magmas in the continental collision environment, which is shielded from juvenile additions.

Key words: Early Earth; zircon; geochronology; geochemistry; crustal magmas; Himalaya

Special collection papers can be found online at http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/special-collections.html.

Acknowledgments

The ion microprobe facility at UCLA is partly supported by a grant from the Instrumentation and Facilities Program, Division of Earth Sciences, National Science Foundation. This research was conducted with support from grants to T.M.H. from NSF-EAR’s Petrology/Geochemistry and Continental Dynamics Programs. We thank Frederic Herman, Michelle Hopkins-Wielicki, and Oscar Lovera for advice and technical assistance and Nigel Harris and Amos Aikman for critical readings.

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Received: 2016-7-30
Accepted: 2016-2-5
Published Online: 2016-6-3
Published in Print: 2016-6-1

© 2016 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

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  10. Uraninite from the Olympic Dam IOCG-U-Ag deposit: linking textural and compositional variation to temporal evolution
  11. Special collection: from magmas to ore deposits
  12. A story of olivine from the McIvor Hill complex (Tasmania, Australia): Clues to the origin of the Avebury metasomatic Ni sulfide deposit
  13. Special collection: perspectives on origins and evolution of crustal magmas
  14. The origin of extensive Neoarchean high-silica batholiths and the nature of intrusive complements to silicic ignimbrites: Insights from the Wyoming batholith, U.S.A.
  15. Special collection: perspectives on origins and evolution of crustal magmas
  16. From the Hadean to the Himalaya: 4.4 Ga of felsic terrestrial magmatism
  17. Spinels renaissance: the past, present, and future of those ubiquitous minerals and materials
  18. Compositional effects on the solubility of minor and trace elements in oxide spinel minerals: insights from crystal-crystal partition coefficients in chromite exsolution
  19. Spinels renaissance: the past, present, and future of those ubiquitous minerals and materials
  20. An X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) study of Fe ordering in a synthetic MgAl2O4-Fe3O4 (spinel-magnetite) solid-solution series: Implications for magnetic properties and cation site ordering
  21. Research Article
  22. High concentrations of manganese and sulfur in deposits on Murray Ridge, Endeavour Crater, Mars
  23. Research Article
  24. A Cr3+ luminescence study of spodumene at high pressures: effects of site geometry, a phase transition, and a level-crossing
  25. Research Article
  26. Phase transitions between high- and low-temperature orthopyroxene in the Mg2Si2O6-Fe2Si2O6 system
  27. Research Article
  28. High-temperature and high-pressure behavior of carbonates in the ternary diagram CaCO3-MgCO3-FeCO3
  29. Research Article
  30. Natural Mg-Fe clinochlores: enthalpies of formation and dehydroxylation derived from calorimetric study
  31. Research Article
  32. Trace element thermometry of garnet-clinopyroxene pairs
  33. Research Article
  34. Constraints on the solid solubility of Hg, Tl, and Cd in arsenian pyrite
  35. Research Article
  36. Ni-phyllosilicates (garnierites) from the Falcondo Ni-laterite deposit (Dominican Republic): mineralogy, nanotextures, and formation mechanisms by HRTEM and AEM
  37. Research Article
  38. Cu diffusion in a basaltic melt
  39. Research Article
  40. High-pressure behavior of the polymorphs of FeOOH
  41. New Mineral Names
  42. New Mineral Names
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5516
Keywords for this article
Early Earth; zircon; geochronology; geochemistry; crustal magmas; Himalaya

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Invited Centennial Article
  2. On the nature and significance of rarity in mineralogy
  3. Special collection: mechanisms, rates, and timescales of geochemical transport processes in the crust and mantle
  4. Zircon saturation and Zr diffusion in rhyolitic melts, and zircon growth geospeedometer
  5. Review
  6. On silica-rich granitoids and their eruptive equivalents
  7. Special collection: advances in ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism
  8. Discovery of in situ super-reducing, ultrahigh-pressure phases in the Luobusa ophiolitic chromitites, Tibet: new insights into the deep upper mantle and mantle transition zone
  9. Special collection: from magmas to ore deposits
  10. Uraninite from the Olympic Dam IOCG-U-Ag deposit: linking textural and compositional variation to temporal evolution
  11. Special collection: from magmas to ore deposits
  12. A story of olivine from the McIvor Hill complex (Tasmania, Australia): Clues to the origin of the Avebury metasomatic Ni sulfide deposit
  13. Special collection: perspectives on origins and evolution of crustal magmas
  14. The origin of extensive Neoarchean high-silica batholiths and the nature of intrusive complements to silicic ignimbrites: Insights from the Wyoming batholith, U.S.A.
  15. Special collection: perspectives on origins and evolution of crustal magmas
  16. From the Hadean to the Himalaya: 4.4 Ga of felsic terrestrial magmatism
  17. Spinels renaissance: the past, present, and future of those ubiquitous minerals and materials
  18. Compositional effects on the solubility of minor and trace elements in oxide spinel minerals: insights from crystal-crystal partition coefficients in chromite exsolution
  19. Spinels renaissance: the past, present, and future of those ubiquitous minerals and materials
  20. An X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) study of Fe ordering in a synthetic MgAl2O4-Fe3O4 (spinel-magnetite) solid-solution series: Implications for magnetic properties and cation site ordering
  21. Research Article
  22. High concentrations of manganese and sulfur in deposits on Murray Ridge, Endeavour Crater, Mars
  23. Research Article
  24. A Cr3+ luminescence study of spodumene at high pressures: effects of site geometry, a phase transition, and a level-crossing
  25. Research Article
  26. Phase transitions between high- and low-temperature orthopyroxene in the Mg2Si2O6-Fe2Si2O6 system
  27. Research Article
  28. High-temperature and high-pressure behavior of carbonates in the ternary diagram CaCO3-MgCO3-FeCO3
  29. Research Article
  30. Natural Mg-Fe clinochlores: enthalpies of formation and dehydroxylation derived from calorimetric study
  31. Research Article
  32. Trace element thermometry of garnet-clinopyroxene pairs
  33. Research Article
  34. Constraints on the solid solubility of Hg, Tl, and Cd in arsenian pyrite
  35. Research Article
  36. Ni-phyllosilicates (garnierites) from the Falcondo Ni-laterite deposit (Dominican Republic): mineralogy, nanotextures, and formation mechanisms by HRTEM and AEM
  37. Research Article
  38. Cu diffusion in a basaltic melt
  39. Research Article
  40. High-pressure behavior of the polymorphs of FeOOH
  41. New Mineral Names
  42. New Mineral Names
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