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The Second Conference on the Lunar Highlands Crust and New Directions. Reflectance spectroscopy of plagioclase-dominated mineral mixtures: Implications for characterizing lunar anorthosites remotely
-
Leah C. Cheek
und
Carle M. Pieters
Veröffentlicht/Copyright:
14. Oktober 2014
Abstract
Anorthositic rocks dominate the Moon’s upper crust. As remnants of the lunar magma ocean (LMO), small variations in the mineralogy of these rocks may hold key information about the homogeneity of LMO composition and solidification processes. Orbital near-infrared (NIR) sensors are sensitive to mineralogy, but technologic advances have only recently enabled detection of the plagioclase component in crustal rocks based on an absorption band centered near 1250 nm. Anorthosites occupy a unique mineralogic range that is well suited for NIR studies: the highly transparent component, plagioclase, is present in high abundances while the spectrally dominant mafic or oxide minerals are present in only minor abundance. As a result, spectra of anorthosites are more likely than many other rock types to contain visually discernable signatures from more than one mineral component, facilitating their identification and characterization in NIR data.
In support of new NIR measurements for the Moon, we present laboratory spectral analyses of well-controlled plagioclase-dominated mineral mixtures. We focus on the spectral effects of varying mafic and oxide composition and abundance in mixtures with a common plagioclase end-member. The results demonstrate that plagioclase can be a significant contributor to reflectance spectra when strongly absorbing minerals are present in low abundance. We show that the contribution of plagioclase is more pronounced in mixtures with pyroxenes and certain spinels, but more easily masked in mixtures containing small amounts of olivine. Differences in minor mineral composition are clearly expressed in bulk spectra. Modeling of mixtures using a Hapke nonlinear approach accurately estimates mineral abundances in laboratory spectra to within 5 vol% for mixtures with ≥90 vol% plagioclase. Together, these results imply that not only should orbital NIR data sets be able to discern the presence of plagioclase in anorthositic crustal exposures, but also that detailed information about anorthosite mineral assemblages can be reliably accessed in reflectance spectra.
Received: 2013-10-24
Accepted: 2014-5-13
Published Online: 2014-10-14
Published in Print: 2014-10-1
© 2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Moon;
anorthosite;
near-infrared spectroscopy;
minerals;
plagioclase
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Highlights and Breakthroughs. Pauling’s rules, in a world of non-spherical atoms
- Highlights and Breakthroughs. Theoretical and applied implications of the structural order of irradiated vermiculite
- Highlights and Breakthroughs. An examination of the Ti-in-quartz thermobarometer in rocks that contain dynamically recrystallized quartz: Re-equilibration of [Ti] during recrystallization
- The Second Conference on the Lunar Highlands Crust and New Directions. Visible-infrared spectral properties of iron-bearing aluminate spinel under lunar-like redox conditions
- The Second Conference on the Lunar Highlands Crust and New Directions. VNIR spectral variability of the igneous stratified Stillwater Complex: A tool to map lunar highlands
- The Second Conference on the Lunar Highlands Crust and New Directions. Spinel-rich lithologies in the lunar highland crust: Linking lunar samples with crystallization experiments and remote sensing
- The Second Conference on the Lunar Highlands Crust and New Directions. Phosphate-halogen metasomatism of lunar granulite 79215: Impact-induced fractionation of volatiles and incompatible elements
- The Second Conference on the Lunar Highlands Crust and New Directions. Reflectance spectroscopy of plagioclase-dominated mineral mixtures: Implications for characterizing lunar anorthosites remotely
- The Second Conference on the Lunar Highlands Crust and New Directions. The distribution of Mg-spinel across the Moon and constraints on crustal origin
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- Garnet as a major carrier of the Y and REE in the granitic rocks: An example from the layered anorogenic granite in the Brno Batholith, Czech Republic
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- Ab initio investigations of dioctahedral interlayer-deficient mica: Modeling particles of illite found within gas shale
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