Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto)–hercynite series by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction
-
Giovanni B. Andreozzi
and
Sergio Lucchesi
Abstract
The influence of composition on Fe2+-Mg intracrystalline distribution was studied in eleven synthetic crystals belonging to the spinel (sensu stricto)-hercynite series (Mg1-yFe2+y)Al2O4, with 0 ≤ y ≤ 1, produced by flux-growth at 800 °C. Samples were analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe methods, and found to be chemically homogeneous with only minor Fe3+, which substitutes for Al and increases up to 0.09 atoms per formula unit with total Fe. Structural parameters a, u, T-O, and M-O increase with hercynite content and, among bond distances, T-O shows the maximum change, from 1.920 to 1.968 Å. The a variation from 8.0855 to 8.1646 Å is essentially caused by the T-O increase that, in turn, is due to the cooperative effects of (1) Fe2+ → Mg substitution and (2) decrease of inversion from 0.23 to 0.15 along the series.
Intracrystalline cation distribution was obtained by a minimization procedure that takes into account structural and chemical data. The T site is mainly populated by Mg and Fe2+ but, at a given temperature, Fe2+ shows a marked preference for tetrahedral coordination with respect to Mg. The influence of composition and temperature on Fe-Mg intracrystalline distribution was modeled within the framework of the general thermodynamic model of O’Neill and Navrotsky for spinel binary solid solutions. The inversion values observed in our samples agree very well with those calculated by the model. Both measured and calculated amounts of octahedral Fe2+ (VIFe2+) show a non-linear increase from spinel s.s. to hercynite. Consequently, the VIFe2+/Fe2+ tot. ratio is not constant along the join, but increases from zero to 15% toward the hercynite end-member. This behavior explains the very limited Fe2+ inversion observed in natural spinels, which usually belong to the hercynite-poor part of the join.
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
- Evidence for magmatic vapor deposition of anhydrite prior to the 1991 climactic eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines
- Experimental and modeled solubilities of chlorine in aluminosilicate melts, consequences of magma evolution, and implications for exsolution of hydrous chloride melt at Mt. Somma-Vesuvius
- Temperature-induced Al -zoning in hornblendes of the Fish Canyon magma, Colorado
- Analytical techniques for volatiles: A case study using intermediate (andesitic) glasses
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- Protoanthophyllite from three metamorphosed serpentinites
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