25 Japanese American Narratives

Kapitel in diesem Buch

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents ix
3. Preface xix
4. PART 1. Introduction
5. 1 The Age of Apology 3
6. Suggested Readings 12
7. PART 2. Nazi Persecution
8. Introduction
9. 2 A Reparations Success Story? 17
10. The Scope of Persecution
11. 3 The German Third Reich and Its Victims: Nazi Ideology 23
12. Holocaust Narratives
13. 4 Memories of My Childhood in the Holocaust 33
14. 5 The Human “Guinea Pigs” of Ravensbrück 43
15. 6 Stranger in Exile 47
16. The National Security Defense
17. 7 Putative National Security Defense: Extracts from the Testimony of Nazi SS Group Leader Otto Ohlendorf 51
18. German Reparations
19. 8 German Compensation for National Socialist Crimes: United States Department of Justice Foreign Claims Settlement Commission 61
20. 9 Romani Victims of the Holocaust and Swiss Complicity 68
21. 10 German Reparations: Institutionalized Insufficiency 77
22. Suggested Readings 81
23. PART 3. Comfort Women
24. Introduction
25. 11 What Form Redress? 87
26. The Comfort Women System
27. 12 The Jugun Ianfu System 95
28. 13 Comfort Women Narratives: Report of the Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women 101
29. 14 The Nanking Massacre 104
30. 15 Japan’s Official Responses to Nanking 109
31. The Redress Movement
32. 16 The Comfort Women Redress Movement 113
33. 17 Japan’s Official Responses to Reparations 126
34. A Legal Analysis of Reparations
35. 18 Japan’s Settlement of the Post–World War II Reparations and Claims 135
36. 19 Reparations: A Legal Analysis 141
37. An American Response
38. 20 Lipinski Resolution 149
39. Suggested Readings 151
40. PART 4. Japanese Americans
41. Introduction
42. 21 Japanese American Redress and the American Political Process: A Unique Achievement? 157
43. The Internment Experience
44. 22 The Internment of Americans of Japanese Ancestry 165
45. 23 Executive Order 9066: Authorizing the Secretary of War to Prescribe Military Areas 169
46. 24 Report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians 171
47. 25 Japanese American Narratives 177
48. The Redress Movement
49. 26 Relocation, Redress, and the Report: A Historical Appraisal 183
50. Forms of Redress
51. 27 Redress Achieved, 1983–1990 189
52. 28 Institutions and Interest Groups: Understanding the Passage of the Japanese American Redress Bill 190
53. 29 Proclamation 4417: Confirming the Termination of the Executive Order Authorizing Japanese-American Internment 201
54. 30 Response to Criticisms of Monetary Redress 203
55. 31 Testimony of Representative Norman Y. Mineta 205
56. 32 German Americans, Italian Americans, and the Constitutionality of Reparations: Jacobs v. Barr 206
57. 33 The Case of the Japanese Peruvians 217
58. 34 Letters from John J. McCloy and Karl R. Bendetsen 222
59. Suggested Readings 228
60. PART 5. Native Americans
61. Introduction
62. 35 Wild Redress? 233
63. The Native American Experience
64. 36 Native American Reparations: Five Hundred Years and Counting 241
65. Native American Narratives
66. 37 The Killing of Big Snake, a Ponca Chief, October 31, 1879 251
67. 38 The Massacre at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, December 29, 1890 252
68. 39 How the Indians Are Victimized by Government Agents and Soldiers 254
69. 40 Forced Removal of the Winnebago Indians, Nebraska, October 3, 1865 257
70. The Redress Movement: Land Claim Litigation
71. 41 Indian Claims for Reparations, Compensation, and Restitution in the United States Legal System 261
72. The Redress Movement: Land Claim Legislation
73. 42 The True Nature of Congress’s Power over Indian Claims: An Essay on Venetie and the Uses of Silence in Federal Indian Law 273
74. Repatriation of Religious and Cultural Artifacts
75. 43 Repatriation Must Heal Old Wounds 283
76. Wealth, Redistribution, and Sovereignty
77. 44 Office of the Governor, Pete Wilson, State of California, Press Release 291
78. 45 Statement of the Honorable Anthony R. Pico, Chairman, Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians, Press Conference 294
79. 46 The Distribution of Wealth, Sovereignty, and Culture through Indian Gaming 298
80. Suggested Readings 304
81. PART 6. Slavery
82. Introduction
83. 47 Not Even an Apology? 309
84. The Slave and the Free Black Experience
85. 48 The Legal Status of African Americans during the Colonial Period 317
86. 49 African Americans under the Antebellum Constitution: Supreme Court of the United States 325
87. 50 Slave Narratives 327
88. 51 Remembering Slavery 333
89. 52 Life as a Free Black 336
90. The Redress Movement
91. 53 The Growing Movement for Reparations 341
92. Forms of Redress: Apology
93. 54 Why the North and South Should Have Apologized 347
94. 55 Defense of Congressional Resolution Apologizing for Slavery 350
95. 56 Clinton Opposes Slavery Apology 352
96. 57 Ask Camille: Camille Paglia’s Online Advice for the Culturally Disgruntled 353
97. 58 The Atlantic Slave Trade: On Both Sides, Reason for Remorse 355
98. 59 They Didn’t March to Free the Slaves 358
99. 60 Lincoln Apologizes 360
100. Forms of Redress: Reparations
101. 61 Special Field Order No. 15: “Forty Acres and a Mule” 365
102. 62 The Commission to Study Reparations Proposals 367
103. 63 Clinton and Conservatives Oppose Slavery Reparations 370
104. 64 Collective Rehabilitation 372
105. 65 The Constitutionality of Black Reparations 374
106. Suggested Readings 390
107. PART 7. Jim Crow
108. Introduction
109. 66 Redress for Racism? 395
110. The Jim Crow Experience
111. 67 The Triumph of White Supremacy 401
112. Jim Crow Narratives
113. 68 Jim Crow Narratives 407
114. Forms of Redress
115. 69 The United States Has Already Apologized for Racial Discrimination 413
116. 70 The Long-Overdue Reparations for African Americans: Necessary for Societal Survival? 417
117. 71 Reparations: Strategic Considerations for Black Americans 422
118. 72 Repatriation as Reparations for Slavery and Jim-Crowism 427
119. 73 Rosewood 435
120. Suggested Readings 438
121. PART 8. South Africa
122. Introduction
123. 74 What Price Reconciliation? 443
124. The Apartheid Experience
125. 75 African National Congress Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission 451
126. Apartheid Narratives
127. 76 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Amnesty Hearing: Testimony of Jeffrey T. Benzien 457
128. 77 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Amnesty Hearing: Affidavit and Testimony of Bassie Mkhumbuzi 461
129. The Redress Movement
130. 78 Alternatives and Adjuncts to Criminal Prosecutions 469
131. Forms of Redress
132. 79 Summary of Anti-Amnesty Case: Azanian Peoples Organization (AZAPO) and Others v. The President of the Republic of South Africa 477
133. 80 Justice after Apartheid? Reflections on the South African TRC 479
134. 81 Will the Amnesty Process Foster Reconciliation among South Africans? 487
135. 82 Healing Racial Wounds? The Final Report of South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission 492
136. 83 Introductory Notes to the Presentation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s Proposed Reparation and Rehabilitation Policies 501
137. 84 Truth and Reconciliation Commission Hearing, Testimony of Former President F. W. de Klerk 505
138. 85 Affirmative Action as Reparation for Past Employment Discrimination in South Africa: Imperfect and Complex 506
139. Suggested Readings 510
140. Appendix: Selected List of Other Human Injustices 511
141. Contributors 515
142. Permissions 521
143. Index 523
144. About the Editor 536