Home Life Sciences Advancing psoriasis drug delivery through topical liposomes
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Advancing psoriasis drug delivery through topical liposomes

  • Devesh U. Kapoor ORCID logo , Rahul Garg , Rahul Maheshwari , Mansi Gaur , Deepak Sharma and Bhupendra G. Prajapati ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: July 23, 2024

Abstract

Psoriasis, recognized as a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, disrupts immune system functionality. Global estimates by the World Psoriasis Day consortium indicate its impact on approximately 130 million people, constituting 4 to 5 percent of the worldwide population. Conventional drug delivery systems, mainly designed to alleviate psoriasis symptoms, fall short in achieving targeted action and optimal bioavailability due to inherent challenges such as the drug’s brief half-life, instability, and a deficiency in ensuring both safety and efficacy. Liposomes, employed in drug delivery systems, emerge as highly promising carriers for augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of topically applied drugs. These small unilamellar vesicles demonstrate enhanced penetration capabilities, facilitating drug delivery through the stratum corneum layer of skin. This comprehensive review article illuminates diverse facets of liposomes as a promising drug delivery system to treat psoriasis. Addressing various aspects such as formulation strategies, encapsulation techniques, and targeted delivery, the review underscores the potential of liposomes in enhancing the efficacy and specificity of psoriasis treatments.


Corresponding author: Bhupendra G. Prajapati, Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva 384012, India; and Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand. E-mail:

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the support provided by Ganpat University to provide necessary infrastructure. Dr. Prajapati, extends his sincere appreciation to the Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Thailand, for their generous financial support that enabled the completion of this work.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contributions: Devesh U. Kapoor: writing, visualization, Rahul Garg: writing, visualization, Rahul Maheshwari: writing, visualization, Mansi Gaur: writing, visualization, Deepak Sharma: writing, visualization, Bhupendra G. Prajapati: project supervision, review, editing and proof reading.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: None.

  5. Data availability: Not applicable.

References

1. Unissa, R, Kumar, PM, Pasha, M, Begum, S, Maheswari, B. Psoriasis: a comprehensive review. Asian J Res Pharm Sci 2019;9:29–38. https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-5659.2019.00005.5.Search in Google Scholar

2. Singh, N, Sondhi, S, Jindal, S, Pandit, V, Ashawat, MS. Treatment and management for patients with mild to severe psoriasis: a review. Asian J Pharm Res 2020;10:286–92. https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-5691.2020.00049.0.Search in Google Scholar

3. Ten Bergen, LL, Petrovic, A, Aarebrot, AK, Appel, S. Current knowledge on autoantigens and autoantibodies in psoriasis. Scand J Immunol 2020;92:e12945. https://doi.org/10.1111/sji.12945.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

4. Boca, AN, Ilies, RF, Vesa, S, Pop, R, Tataru, AD, Buzoianu, AD. The first nation-wide study revealing epidemiologic data and life quality aspects of psoriasis in Romania. Exp Ther Med 2019;18:900–4. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7652.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

5. Nick, D, Mahil, SK, Capon, F, Smith, CH, Simpson, MA, Barker, JN. Psoriasis and genetics. Acta Derm Venereol 2020;100. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-3384.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

6. Michalek, IM, Loring, B, John, SM. Global report on psoriasis. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2016.Search in Google Scholar

7. Hay, SI, Abajobir, AA, Abate, KH, Abbafati, C, Abbas, KM, Abd-Allah, F, et al.. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017;390:1260–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32130-x.Search in Google Scholar

8. Schön, MP, Dagmar, W‐T. Current developments and perspectives in psoriasis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023;21:363–72.10.1111/ddg.15033Search in Google Scholar PubMed

9. Mascarenhas-Melo, F, Carvalho, A, Gonçalves, MBS, Paiva-Santos, AC, Veiga, F. Nanocarriers for the topical treatment of psoriasis-pathophysiology, conventional treatments, nanotechnology, regulatory and toxicology. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022;176:95–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.012.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

10. Afifi, T, de Gannes, G, Huang, C, Zhou, Y. Topical therapies for psoriasis: evidence-based review. Can Fam Physician 2005;51:519–25.Search in Google Scholar

11. AlQassimi, S, AlBrashdi, S, Galadari, H, Hashim, MJ. Global burden of psoriasis–comparison of regional and global epidemiology, 1990 to 2017. Int J Dermatol 2020;59:566–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.14864.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

12. Tokuyama, M, Mabuchi, T. New treatment addressing the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020;21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207488.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

13. Yang, F, Lu, C, Wang, Y, Liu, H, Leng, X, Zeng, X. Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol 2023;42:1593–605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-023-06529-4.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

14. Roskoski, JR. Deucravacitinib is an allosteric TYK2 protein kinase inhibitor FDA-approved for the treatment of psoriasis. Pharmacol Res 2023;189:106642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106642.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

15. Zhao, Y, Zhang, Y, Li, J, Zhang, N, Jin, Q, Qi, Y, et al.. Pathogenic sphingosine 1-phosphate pathway in psoriasis: a critical review of its pathogenic significance and potential as a therapeutic target. Lipids Health Dis 2023;22:52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-023-01813-3.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

16. Huang, Y, Mao, C-R, Lou, Y, Zhan, S, Chen, Z, Ding, W, et al.. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of an orally bioavailable, potent, and selective ROCK2 inhibitor for psoriasis treatment. J Med Chem 2023;66:15205–29. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01297.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

17. Yan, B, Liu, N, Li, J, Li, J, Zhu, W, Kuang, Y, et al.. The role of Langerhans cells in epidermal homeostasis and pathogenesis of psoriasis. J Cell Mol Med 2020;24:11646–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.15834.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

18. Ni, X, Lai, Y. Keratinocyte: a trigger or an executor of psoriasis? J Leucocyte Biol 2020;108:485–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/jlb.5mr0120-439r.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

19. Li, J, Hou, H, Zhou, L, Wang, J, Liang, J, Li, J, et al.. Increased angiogenesis and migration of dermal microvascular endothelial cells from patients with psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2021;30:973–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.14329.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

20. Wang, Y, Edelmayer, R, Wetter, J, Salte, K, Gauvin, D, Leys, L, et al.. Monocytes/Macrophages play a pathogenic role in IL-23 mediated psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Sci Rep 2019;9:5310. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41655-7.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

21. Dai, H, Adamopoulos, IE. Psoriatic arthritis under the influence of IFNγ. Clin Immunol 2020;218:108513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108513.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

22. Kiluk, P, Baran, A, Kaminski, T, Maciaszek, M, Flisiak, I. Decreased levels of vaspin and its potential association with cardiometabolic risk in patients with psoriasis: preliminary results. Adv Dermatol Allergol 2022;39:307–15. https://doi.org/10.5114/ada.2021.103383.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

23. Saalbach, A, Tremel, J, Herbert, D, Schwede, K, Wandel, E, Schirmer, C, et al.. Anti-inflammatory action of keratinocyte-derived vaspin: relevance for the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Am J Pathol 2016;186:639–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.10.030.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

24. Zheng, Q-y, Liang, S-j, Xu, F, Li, G-q, Luo, N, Wu, S, et al.. C5a/C5aR1 pathway is critical for the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Front Immunol 2019;10:1866. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01866.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

25. Shi, ZR, Tan, GZ, Cao, CX, Han, YF, Meng, Z, Man, XY, et al.. Decrease of galectin-3 in keratinocytes: a potential diagnostic marker and a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. J Autoimmun 2018;89:30–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2017.11.002.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

26. Ogawa, K, Okada, Y. The current landscape of psoriasis genetics in 2020. J Dermatol Sci 2020;99:2–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.05.008.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

27. Singhvi, G, Manchanda, P, Krishna Rapalli, V, Kumar Dubey, S, Gupta, G, Dua, K. MicroRNAs as biological regulators in skin disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;108:996–1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.090.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

28. Yin, F, Chan, JF, Zhu, Q, Fu, R, Chen, JH, Choi, GK, et al.. Development and in-use evaluation of a novel Luminex MicroPlex microsphere-based (TRIOL) assay for simultaneous identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and detection of first-line and second-line anti-tuberculous drug resistance in China. J Clin Pathol 2017;70:342–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203952.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

29. Shao, S, Cao, T, Jin, L, Li, B, Fang, H, Zhang, J, et al.. Increased lipocalin-2 contributes to the pathogenesis of psoriasis by modulating neutrophil chemotaxis and cytokine secretion. J Invest Dermatol 2016;136:1418–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.002.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

30. Zhong, H, Yang, H, Mao, Z, Chai, X, Li, S. Impact of moderate-to-severe psoriasis on quality of life in China: a qualitative study. Health Qual Life Outcome 2021;19:271. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01902-w.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

31. Aguayo, CP, Ruiz Carrascosa, JC, Molina Leyva, A. Type D personality is associated with poor quality of life, social performance, and psychological impairment in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: a cross-sectional study of 130 patients. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2020;86:375–81. 2020, https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_114_19,Search in Google Scholar

32. Sumpton, D, Kelly, A, Tunnicliffe, DJ, Craig, JC, Hassett, G, Chessman, D, et al.. Patients’ perspectives and experience of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Arthritis Care Res 2020;72:711–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.23896.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

33. Al-Muhandis, K. An exploration of life with a chronic skin condition PhD dissertation. Royal Holloway, University of London; 2024.Search in Google Scholar

34. Olejnik-Wojciechowska, J, Boboryko, D, Bratborska, AW, Rusińska, K, Ostrowski, P, Baranowska, M, et al.. The role of epigenetic factors in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024;25:3831. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073831.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

35. Kamata, M, Tada, Y. Crosstalk: keratinocytes and immune cells in psoriasis. Front Immunol 2023;14:1286344. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286344.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

36. Owczarek, W, Walecka, I, Nowakowska, A, Ciechanowicz, P, Reich, A, Lesiak, A, et al.. Effectiveness of infliximab biosimilars in the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis: experience of real-world data from the register of the program “Treatment of moderate and severe forms of plaque psoriasis (B. 47)” of the National Health Fund in Poland. Adv Dermatol Allergol 2022;39:723–8. https://doi.org/10.5114/ada.2021.108442.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

37. Owczarczyk-Saczonek, A, Purzycka-Bohdan, D, Nedoszytko, B, Reich, A, Szczerkowska-Dobosz, A, Bartosińska, J, et al.. Pathogenesis of psoriasis in the “omic” era. Part III. Metabolic disorders, metabolomics, nutrigenomics in psoriasis in psoriasis. Adv Dermatol Allergol 2020;37:452–67. https://doi.org/10.5114/ada.2020.98284.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

38. Dopytalska, K, Ciechanowicz, P, Wiszniewski, K, Szymańska, E, Walecka, I. The role of epigenetic factors in psoriasis. Inter J Mol Sci 2021;22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179294.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

39. Zhang, M, Bai, X, Cao, W, Ji, J, Wang, L, Yang, Y, et al.. The influence of corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and biologics on patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriasis and rheumatic diseases in the era of COVID-19: a review of current evidence. Front Immunol 2021;12:677957. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.677957.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

40. Brożyna, AA, Slominski, RM, Nedoszytko, B, Zmijewski, MA, Slominski, AT. Vitamin D signaling in psoriasis: pathogenesis and therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022;23:8575. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158575.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

41. Coates, LC, Merola, JF, Grieb, SM, Mease, PJ, Duffin, KC. Methotrexate in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol Suppl 2020;96:31–5. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.200124.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

42. Lebwohl, M, Thaçi, D, Warren, RB. Addressing challenges associated with long‐term topical treatment and benefits of proactive management in patients with psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021;35:35–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17053.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

43. Gorelick, J, Shrom, D, Sikand, K, Renda, L, Burge, R, Dworkin, C, et al.. Understanding treatment preferences in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in the USA: results from a cross-sectional patient survey. Dermatol Ther 2019;9:785–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-019-00334-1.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

44. Feldman, SR, Goffe, B, Rice, G, Mitchell, M, Kaur, M, Robertson, D, et al.. The challenge of managing psoriasis: unmet medical needs and stakeholder perspectives. Am Health Drug Benefits 2016;9:504.Search in Google Scholar

45. Cohen, M, Morrow, T, Penna, P. Managing the expanded use of biologics across therapeutic areas: an example from b-cell targeted therapies. Am J Manag Care 2006;12:S24–37.Search in Google Scholar

46. Wollina, U, Tirant, M, Vojvodic, A, Lotti, T. Treatment of psoriasis: novel approaches to topical delivery. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019;7:3018–25. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.414.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

47. Dadwal, A, Mishra, N, Narang, KR. Novel topical nanocarriers for treatment of psoriasis: an overview. Curr Pharmaceut Des 2018;24:3934–50. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666181102151507.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

48. Wang, S-H, Wang, J, Lin, Y-S, Tung, T-H, Chi, C-C. Increased risk for incident thyroid diseases in people with psoriatic disease: a cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019;80:1006–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.11.049.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

49. Tambe, VS, Nautiyal, A, Wairkar, S. Topical lipid nanocarriers for management of psoriasis-an overview. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021;64:102671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102671.Search in Google Scholar

50. Parveen, N, Sheikh, A, Abourehab, MAS, Karwasra, R, Singh, S, Kesharwani, P. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for pancreatic cancer. Eur Polym J 2023;190:111993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111993.Search in Google Scholar

51. Wilczewska, AZ, Niemirowicz, K, Markiewicz, KH, Car, H. Nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Pharmacol Rep 2012;64:1020–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70901-5.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

52. Abucayon, EG, Rao, M, Matyas, GR, Alving, CR. QS21-Initiated fusion of liposomal small unilamellar vesicles to form ALFQ results in concentration of most of the monophosphoryl lipid A, QS21, and cholesterol in giant unilamellar vesicles. Pharmaceutics 2023;15:2212. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092212.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

53. Lou, G, Anderluzzi, G, Woods, S, Roberts, CW, Perrie, Y. A novel microfluidic-based approach to formulate size-tuneable large unilamellar cationic liposomes: formulation, cellular uptake and biodistribution investigations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019;143:51–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.08.013.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

54. Hsieh, A-H, Corti, DS, Franses, EI. Rayleigh and Rayleigh-Debye-Gans light scattering intensities and spetroturbidimetry of dispersions of unilamellar vesicles and multilamellar liposomes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020;578:471–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.085.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

55. Gorain, B, Al-Dhubiab, BE, Nair, A, Kesharwani, P, Pandey, M, Choudhury, H. Multivesicular liposome: a lipid-based drug delivery system for efficient drug delivery. Curr Pharmaceut Des 2021;27:4404–15. https://doi.org/10.2174/18734286mte3cntq0z.Search in Google Scholar

56. Maja, L, Željko, K, Mateja, P. Sustainable technologies for liposome preparation. J Supercrit Fluids 2020;165:104984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104984.Search in Google Scholar

57. Ong, SG, Ming, LC, Lee, KS, Yuen, KH. Influence of the encapsulation efficiency and size of liposome on the oral bioavailability of griseofulvin-loaded liposomes. Pharmaceutics 2016;8. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics8030025.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

58. Kelly, C, Jefferies, C, Cryan, S-A. Targeted liposomal drug delivery to monocytes and macrophages. J Drug Deliv 2011;2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/727241.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

59. Caracciolo, G, Pozzi, D, Caminiti, R, Amenitsch, H. Lipid mixing upon deoxyribonucleic acid-induced liposomes fusion investigated by synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering. Appl Phys Lett 2005;87. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2058202.Search in Google Scholar

60. Storm, G, Belliot, SO, Daemen, T, Lasic, DD. Surface modification of nanoparticles to oppose uptake by the mononuclear phagocyte system. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1995;17:31–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-409x(95)00039-a.Search in Google Scholar

61. Bozzuto, G, Molinari, A. Liposomes as nanomedical devices. Int J Nanomed 2015;10:975–99. https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s68861.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

62. Agrawal, M, Ajazuddin, Tripathi, DK, Saraf, S, Saraf, S, Antimisiaris, SG, et al.. Recent advancements in liposomes targeting strategies to cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. J Contr Release 2017;260:61–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.05.019.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

63. Ramanunny, AK, Wadhwa, S, Gulati, M, Singh, SK, Kapoor, B, Dureja, H, et al.. Nanocarriers for treatment of dermatological diseases: principle, perspective and practices. Eur J Pharmacol 2021;890:173691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173691.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

64. Chen, Y, Feng, X, Meng, S. Site-specific drug delivery in the skin for the localized treatment of skin diseases. Expet Opin Drug Deliv 2019;16:847–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2019.1645119.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

65. Ibaraki, H, Kanazawa, T, Oogi, C, Takashima, Y, Seta, Y. Effects of surface charge and flexibility of liposomes on dermal drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019;50:155–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.01.028.Search in Google Scholar

66. Jenabikordi, K, Zadeh, BSM, Rezaie, A. Co-encapsulation of metformin and ginger into the liposomes: in vitro characterization and in vivo anti-psoriasis evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021;47:1447–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2021.2001488.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

67. Sguizzato, M, Esposito, E, Cortesi, R. Lipid-based nanosystems as a tool to overcome skin barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22:8319. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158319.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

68. Walunj, M, Doppalapudi, S, Bulbake, U, Khan, W. Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of cyclosporine cationic liposomes for the treatment of psoriasis. J Liposome Res 2020;30:68–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/08982104.2019.1593449.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

69. Qu, F, Sun, Y, Bi, D, Peng, S, Li, M, Liu, H, et al.. Regulating size and charge of liposomes in microneedles to enhance intracellular drug delivery efficiency in skin for psoriasis therapy. Adv Healthcare Mater 2023;12:2302314. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202302314.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

70. Bahadur, S, Sharma, M. Liposome based drug delivery for the management of psoriasis-A comprehensive review. Curr Pharmaceut Biotechnol 2023;24:1383–96. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389201024666221213144228.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

71. Pradhan, M, Alexander, A, Singh, MR, Singh, D, Saraf, S, Saraf, S, et al.. Understanding the prospective of nano-formulations towards the treatment of psoriasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;107:447–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.156.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

72. Rapalli, VK, Waghule, T, Gorantla, S, Dubey, SK, Saha, RN, Singhvi, G. Psoriasis: pathological mechanisms, current pharmacological therapies, and emerging drug delivery systems. Drug Discov Today 2020;25:2212–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.023.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

73. Kubackova, J, Zbytovska, J, Holas, O. Nanomaterials for direct and indirect immunomodulation: a review of applications. Eur J Pharmaceut Sci 2020;142:105139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105139.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

74. Gomes, GS, Frank, LA, Contri, RV, Longhi, MS, Pohlmann, AR, Guterres, SS. Nanotechnology-based alternatives for the topical delivery of immunosuppressive agents in psoriasis. Int J Pharm 2023;631:122535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122535.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

75. Lin, Z, Xi, L, Chen, S, Tao, J, Wang, Y, Chen, X, et al.. Uptake and trafficking of different sized PLGA nanoparticles by dendritic cells in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice model. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021;11:1047–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2020.11.008.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

76. Jyothi, SL, Krishna, KL, Shirin, VKA, Sankar, R, Pramod, K, Gangadharappa, HV. Drug delivery systems for the treatment of psoriasis: current status and prospects. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021;62:102364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102364.Search in Google Scholar

77. Maione-Silva, L, de Castro, EG, Nascimento, TL, Cintra, ER, Moreira, LC, Cintra, BAS, et al.. Ascorbic acid encapsulated into negatively charged liposomes exhibits increased skin permeation, retention and enhances collagen synthesis by fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2019;9:522. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36682-9.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

78. Riaz, MK, Riaz, MA, Zhang, X, Lin, C, Wong, KH, Chen, X, et al.. Surface functionalization and targeting strategies of liposomes in solid tumor therapy: a review. Int J Mol Sci 2018;19:195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010195.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

79. Saleem, S, Iqubal, MK, Garg, S, Ali, J, Baboota, S. Trends in nanotechnology-based delivery systems for dermal targeting of drugs: an enticing approach to offset psoriasis. Expet Opin Drug Deliv 2020;17:817–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2020.1758665.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

80. Biswasroy, P, Pradhan, D, Kar, B, Ghosh, G, Rath, G. Recent advancement in topical nanocarriers for the treatment of psoriasis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021;22:164. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-021-02057-z.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

81. Singh, A, Maheshwari, S. Formulation and evaluation of ferulic acid and oleic acid containing liposomal gel for skin nourishment. Intell Pharm 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipha.2023.10.014.Search in Google Scholar

82. Doppalapudi, S, Jain, A, Chopra, DK, Khan, W. Psoralen loaded liposomal nanocarriers for improved skin penetration and efficacy of topical PUVA in psoriasis. Eur J Pharmaceut Sci: Off J Eur Fed Pharmaceut Sci 2017;96:515–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2016.10.025.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

83. Jain, H, Geetanjali, D, Dalvi, H, Bhat, A, Godugu, C, Srivastava, S. Liposome mediated topical delivery of Ibrutinib and Curcumin as a synergistic approach to combat imiquimod induced psoriasis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022;68:103103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103103.Search in Google Scholar

84. Yadav, K, Singh, D, Singh, MR, Pradhan, M. Multifaceted targeting of cationic liposomes via co-delivery of anti-IL-17 siRNA and corticosteroid for topical treatment of psoriasis. Med Hypotheses 2020;145:110322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110322.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

85. Srisuk, P, Thongnopnua, P, Raktanonchai, U, Kanokpanont, S. Physico-chemical characteristics of methotrexate-entrapped oleic acid-containing deformable liposomes for in vitro transepidermal delivery targeting psoriasis treatment. Int J Pharm 2012;427:426–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.045.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

86. Yu, F, Zhang, Y, Yang, C, Li, F, Qiu, B, Ding, W. Enhanced transdermal efficiency of curcumin-loaded peptide-modified liposomes for highly effective antipsoriatic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021;9:4846–56. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1tb00557j.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

87. Javia, A, Misra, A, Thakkar, H. Liposomes encapsulating novel antimicrobial peptide Omiganan: characterization and its pharmacodynamic evaluation in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis mice model. Int J Pharm 2022;624:122045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122045.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

88. Bahramizadeh, M, Bahramizadeh, M, Kiafar, B, Jafarian, AH, Nikpoor, AR, Hatamipour, M, et al.. Development, characterization and evaluation of topical methotrexate-entrapped deformable liposome on imiquimod-induced psoriasis in a mouse model. Int J Pharm 2019;569:118623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118623.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

89. Sadarani, B, Majumdar, A, Paradkar, S, Mathur, A, Sachdev, S, Mohanty, B, et al.. Enhanced skin permeation of Methotrexate from penetration enhancer containing vesicles: in vitro optimization and in vivo evaluation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019;114:108770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108770.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

90. Pukale, SS, Sahel, DK, Mittal, A, Chitkara, D. Coenzyme Q10 loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles in gel for the treatment of psoriasis like skin condition. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022;76:103672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103672.Search in Google Scholar

91. Saka, R, Jain, H, Kommineni, N, Chella, N, Khan, W. Enhanced penetration and improved therapeutic efficacy of bexarotene via topical liposomal gel in imiquimod induced psoriatic plaque model in BALB/c mice. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020;58:101691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101691.Search in Google Scholar

92. Chen, J, Ma, Y, Tao, Y, Zhao, X, Xiong, Y, Chen, Z, et al.. Formulation and evaluation of a topical liposomal gel containing a combination of zedoary turmeric oil and tretinoin for psoriasis activity. J Liposome Res 2021;31:130–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/08982104.2020.1748646.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

93. Bhatia, A, Kumar, R, Katare, OP. Tamoxifen in topical liposomes: development, characterization and in-vitro evaluation. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2004;7:252–9.Search in Google Scholar

94. Lee, H-J, Kim, M. Challenges and future trends in the treatment of psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023;24:13313. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713313.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

95. Singh, S, Awasthi, R. Breakthroughs and bottlenecks of psoriasis therapy: emerging trends and advances in lipid based nano-drug delivery platforms for dermal and transdermal drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023:104548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104548.Search in Google Scholar

96. Chen, G, Li, D, Jin, Y, Zhang, W, Teng, L, Bunt, C, et al.. Deformable liposomes by reverse-phase evaporation method for an enhanced skin delivery of (+)-catechin. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014;40:260–5. https://doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2012.756512.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

97. Bochicchio, S, Dalmoro, A, De Simone, V, Bertoncin, P, Lamberti, G, Barba, AA. Simil-microfluidic nanotechnology in manufacturing of liposomes as hydrophobic antioxidants skin release systems. Cosmetics 2020;7:22. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics7020022.Search in Google Scholar

98. Doppalapudi, S, Jain, A, Chopra, DK, Khan, W. Psoralen loaded liposomal nanocarriers for improved skin penetration and efficacy of topical PUVA in psoriasis. Eur J Pharmaceut Sci 2017;96:515–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2016.10.025.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

99. Verma, DD, Verma, S, Blume, G, Fahr, A. Particle size of liposomes influences dermal delivery of substances into skin. Int J Pharm 2003;258:141–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(03)00183-2.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

100. Dubey, S, Sharma, R, Mody, N, Vyas, SP. Novel carriers and approaches: insight for psoriasis management. In: Nanostructures for novel therapy. Elsevier; 2017:657–84 pp.10.1016/B978-0-323-46142-9.00024-4Search in Google Scholar

101. Alam, M, Rizwanullah, M, Mir, SR, Amin, S. Promising prospects of lipid-based topical nanocarriers for the treatment of psoriasis. OpenNano 2023;10:100123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onano.2023.100123.Search in Google Scholar

102. Nordin, UUM, Ahmad, N, Salim, N, Yusof, NSM. Lipid-based nanoparticles for psoriasis treatment: a review on conventional treatments, recent works, and future prospects. RSC Adv 2021;11:29080–101. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra06087b.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

103. Huang, C, Gou, K, Yue, X, Zhao, S, Zeng, R, Qu, Y, et al.. A novel hyaluronic acid-based dissolving microneedle patch loaded with ginsenoside Rg3 liposome for effectively alleviate psoriasis. Mater Des 2022;224:111363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111363.Search in Google Scholar

104. Li, H, Zuo, J, Tang, W. Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2018;9:1048. [Epub 2018/11/06] https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01048.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

105. Rapalli, VK, Singhvi, G, Dubey, SK, Gupta, G, Chellappan, DK, Dua, K. Emerging landscape in psoriasis management: from topical application to targeting biomolecules. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;106:707–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.136.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

106. Schwartz, DM, Kanno, Y, Villarino, A, Ward, M, Gadina, M, O’Shea, JJ. JAK inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for immune and inflammatory diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017;16:843–62. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd.2017.201.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

107. Jeon, C, Sekhon, S, Yan, D, Afifi, L, Nakamura, M, Bhutani, T. Monoclonal antibodies inhibiting IL-12, -23, and -17 for the treatment of psoriasis. Hum Vaccines Immunother 2017;13:2247–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1356498.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

108. Korkmaz, E, Falo, LD. Spherical nucleic acids as emerging topical therapeutics: a focus on psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2020;140:278–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.683.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

109. Guillot, AJ, Martínez-Navarrete, M, Garrigues, TM, Melero, A. Skin drug delivery using lipid vesicles: a starting guideline for their development. J Contr Release 2023;355:624–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.006.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

110. Yuan, L, Pan, M, Shi, K, Hu, D, Li, Y, Chen, Y, et al.. Nanocarriers for promoting skin delivery of therapeutic agents. Appl Mater Today 2022;27:101438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2022.101438.Search in Google Scholar

111. Antimisiaris, SG, Marazioti, A, Kannavou, M, Natsaridis, E, Gkartziou, F, Kogkos, G, et al.. Overcoming barriers by local drug delivery with liposomes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021;174:53–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.019.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

112. Souto, EB, Macedo, AS, Dias-Ferreira, J, Cano, A, Zielińska, A, Matos, CM. Elastic and ultradeformable liposomes for transdermal delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Int J Mol Sci 2021;22:9743. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189743.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

113. Knudsen, NØ, Rønholt, S, Salte, RD, Jorgensen, L, Thormann, T, Basse, LH, et al.. Calcipotriol delivery into the skin with PEGylated liposomes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012;81:532–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.04.005.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

114. Mezei, M, Gulasekharam, V. Liposomes – a selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration: gel dosage form. J Pharm Pharmacol 1982;34:473–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1982.tb04767.x.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

115. Lai, RC, Yeo, RWY, Zhang, B, Koh, M, Tan, S. Topical application of Yolk lecithin liposomes reinforces skin barrier function against chemical agents such as psoriasis-inducing IMQ and alleviates disease phenotype. Clin Exp Dermatol Ther 2018;2018:1–10.Search in Google Scholar

116. Wang, W, Shu, G-f, Lu, K-j, Xu, X-l, Sun, M-c, Qi, J, et al.. Flexible liposomal gel dual-loaded with all-trans retinoic acid and betamethasone for enhanced therapeutic efficiency of psoriasis. J Nanobiotechnol 2020;18:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-020-00635-0.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

117. Liu, L, Ji, F, Zhao, Y, Hai, X. Arsenic trioxide liposome gels for the treatment of psoriasis in mice. J Liposome Res 2023:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/08982104.2023.2251054.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

118. Fathalla, D, Youssef, EMK, Soliman, GM. Liposomal and ethosomal gels for the topical delivery of anthralin: preparation, comparative evaluation and clinical assessment in psoriatic patients. Pharmaceutics 2020;12. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12050446.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

119. Kumar, R, Dogra, S, Amarji, B, Singh, B, Kumar, S, Sharma, et al.. Efficacy of novel topical liposomal formulation of cyclosporine in mild to moderate stable plaque psoriasis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Dermatology 2016;152:807–15. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.0859.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

120. Pierre, MBR, dos Santos Miranda Costa, I. Liposomal systems as drug delivery vehicles for dermal and transdermal applications. Arch Dermatol Res 2011;303:607–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-011-1166-4.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

121. Bocheńska, K, Smolińska, E, Moskot, M, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka, J, Gabig-Cimińska, M. Models in the research process of psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2017;18:2514. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122514.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Received: 2024-05-14
Accepted: 2024-07-08
Published Online: 2024-07-23
Published in Print: 2025-03-26

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 31.12.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/znc-2024-0118/html
Scroll to top button