NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress status in the mild and moderate SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: impact of melatonin as a medicinal supplement
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Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh
Abstract
The inflammasome as a multiprotein complex has a role in activating ASC and caspase-1 resulting in activating IL-1β in various infections and diseases like corona virus infection in various tissues. It was shown that these tissues are affected by COVID-19 patients. According to the current evidence, melatonin is not veridical while possessing a high safety profile, however, it possesses indirect anti-viral actions owing to its anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and immune improving properties. This study aims to assess the impacts of melatonin as the complementary treatments on oxidative stress agents and inflammasome activation in patients with COVID-19. Melatonin supplement (9 mg daily, orally) was provided for the patients hospitalized with a COVID-19 analysis for 14 days. For measuring IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α cytokines and malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level and the expression of CASP1 and ASC genes, blood samples were gathered from the individuals at the start and termination of the therapy. Our findings indicated that melatonin is used as a complementary treatment to reduce the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β cytokines, MDA, and NO levels in COVID-19 patients and significantly increase SOD level, however, the levels of IL-10 cytokine possesses no considerable changes. The findings revealed that genes of CASP1 and ASC were dysregulated by melatonin regulating the inflammasome complex. Based on the findings of the current study, it is found that melatonin can be effective as a medicinal supplement in decreasing the inflammasome multiprotein complex and oxidative stress along with beneficial impacts on lung cytokine storm of COVID-19 patients.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Clinical Research Development Unit of Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Ethics approval: The patients participated in the work after obtaining the ethics code approval from the ethics scientific committee (with the ethics number of IR.BMSU.REC.1399.165) as well as the consent form approval.
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Informed consent: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from each participant.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Isolation and characterization of chemical constituents from Chaerophyllum bulbosum roots and their enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant effects
- Monascin and monascinol, azaphilonoid pigments from Mortierella polycephala AM1: in silico and in vitro targeting of the angiogenic VEGFR2 kinase
- Novel Ag(I)-NHC complex: synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic activity, molecular docking, and quantum chemical studies
- NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress status in the mild and moderate SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: impact of melatonin as a medicinal supplement
- Oxidative stress and cyto-genotoxicity induced by poly-d-glucosamine in human blood cells in vitro
- A synergy interaction of artocarpin and tetracycline against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its mechanism of action on membrane permeability
- Review Articles
- Cytokine storm syndrome in SARS-CoV-2: a review
- A comprehensive review on the development of probiotic supplemented confectioneries
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Isolation and characterization of chemical constituents from Chaerophyllum bulbosum roots and their enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant effects
- Monascin and monascinol, azaphilonoid pigments from Mortierella polycephala AM1: in silico and in vitro targeting of the angiogenic VEGFR2 kinase
- Novel Ag(I)-NHC complex: synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic activity, molecular docking, and quantum chemical studies
- NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress status in the mild and moderate SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: impact of melatonin as a medicinal supplement
- Oxidative stress and cyto-genotoxicity induced by poly-d-glucosamine in human blood cells in vitro
- A synergy interaction of artocarpin and tetracycline against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its mechanism of action on membrane permeability
- Review Articles
- Cytokine storm syndrome in SARS-CoV-2: a review
- A comprehensive review on the development of probiotic supplemented confectioneries
