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Synthesis and crystal structure of the lanthanum cyanurate complex La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O

  • Olaf Reckeweg EMAIL logo , Falk Lissner and Thomas Schleid
Published/Copyright: October 18, 2021
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Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B
From the journal Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B Volume 76 Issue 10-12

Abstract

Single crystals of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O were obtained from stoichiometric amounts of as-precipitated La(OH)3 with cyanuric acid (CYA) [H3N3C3O3]3 in a boiling aqueous solution, followed by slow cooling and evaporation of water under ambient conditions. According to the X-ray structure analysis of the colorless and transparent crystals, La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O adopts the triclinic space group P1 (no. 1) and exhibits the unit-cell parameters a = 987.24(7), b = 1110.97(8), c = 1179.81(9) pm, α = 113.716(2), β = 97.053(2), γ = 101.502(2)° for Z = 2. The CYA is singly deprotonated to give monoanions [H2N3C3O3]– which are O,N-coordinated to the La3+ cations. These dihdrogencyanurate anions are assembled in ribbons with two crystallographically different La3+ cations coordinating to either one or two different ligands, respectively. The coordination sphere of the La3+ cations is comprised of water molecules, and interstitial water molecules fill the dead volume of the crystals. The anionic ribbons are stacked to maximize the contact between the six-membered rings, showing distances of about 330 pm.

Keywords: crystal structure; cyanurate; hydrate; lanthanum

1 Introduction

Cyanuric acid (from now on dubbed as “CYA”) was first obtained by Wöhler in the frame of his well-known research synthesizing an “organic” compound such as urea from an “inorganic” material such as ammonium cyanate. He heated urea and uric acid and obtained CYA [1]. Due to the multiple hydrogen bonding and the resulting high lattice energy, only small amounts of CYA can be dissolved in water at ϑ = 25 °C and according to our experiences, a saturated solution equilibrates with c ≈ 0.02 mol L−1 and pH = 4. The solubility increases approximately tenfold upon heating to 90 °C [2]. Therefore, a straightforward preparative approach to its complexes is to boil aqueous CYA with metal oxides, hydroxides or carbonates according to a simple acid-base reaction [3]. The disadvantage of this method is a low yield and problems to discriminate between the usually colorless crystals of the desired metal-cyanurate compound, CYA and CYA · 2 H2O. A different approach was reported by Seifer in his comprehensive review [4], where a multitude of different metal halides or acetates were reacted with a variety of alkali metal cyanurates at different pH values and/or temperatures with varying stoichiometric relations yielding a plethora of different compounds as powder samples. Unfortunately, the respective composition was determined by quantitative analyses only, and structural characteristics were deduced just from the results of vibrational spectroscopy. Therefore, their structural characterization is at least incomplete in most cases. Recently, Höppe et al. used slow interdiffusion of solutions of the metal salts with solutions of CYA at pH values ≥7 for the preparation of alkali and alkaline earth metal cyanurate hydrates [5, 6]. According to our experience we can state as a rule of thumb, that crystalline cyanurate compounds are the harder to obtain, the smaller and the more highly charged the cation in question becomes. A molecular structure was proposed for Y[H2N3C3O3]3 · 6 H2O based on analytical and IR results [7], but no full structure determination was performed. Following our rule-of-thumb and the report by Seifer [4], the reaction of as-precipitated La(OH)3 with a stoichiometric amount of CYA dissolved in boiling water should yield a crystalline product upon slow cooling. The high charge and the large radius of the cation provide favorable conditions. And as a consequence, we are able to report here the synthesis and crystal structure of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O as a first result of our research in rare earth metal chemistry.

2 Experimental section

2.1 Synthesis

370 mg (∼1 mmol) LaCl3 · 7 H2O (crystals, ACS reagent, Sigma Aldrich) was dissolved in 5 mL demineralized water and treated with a solution of 160 mg (4 mmol) NaOH (97%, powder, reagent grade, Sigma Aldrich) in 10 mL of demineralized water. The hydroxide was employed in excess to ensure complete precipitation. The resulting jelly-like precipitate was filtered off and washed three times with 50 mL of demineralized water. This material was added to a boiling solution of 400 mg (∼3.1 mmol) CYA ([C3(NH)3O3]: 98%, crystalline, Acros Organics, China) in 20 mL of demineralized water. After a few minutes, a clear and transparent solution was observed indicating complete dissolution of the educts. The crystallization dish used as reaction vessel was heated in a sand-bath, where the cooling process of the solution was slowed down considerably after the heating was shut off. To slow this process even more, a watch glass was used to cover the crystallization vessel after the boiling had ceased. The crystallization of the title compound was observed to begin after 10–15 min on the surface of the solution. CYA and CYA · 2 H2O crystals appeared within the first hour in the solution. All crystals precipitated from the reaction mixture were colorless, but only crystals of the title compound were clear and started to degrade after a few days, even if covered with protective oil.

2.2 Crystallographic studies

Crystals of the title compound were distinguished from CYA and CYA · 2 H2O specimens by their transparency and their different habit (plates vs. prismatic rhombi). They were taken out of the mother liquor and immersed in paraffin oil. A suitable specimen was selected with the help of a polarization microscope, sealed into a thin-walled glass capillary and mounted on a Nonius Kappa-CCD diffractometer operating with graphite-monochromatized MoK α radiation (λ = 71.07 pm). Intensity data was collected at room temperature. The processing of the diffraction data was performed with the software package that came with the diffractometer [8]. The intensity data was corrected for Lorentz and polarization effects as well as for absorption with the program Habitus [9]. No systematic absences were found leaving the triclinic space groups P1 (no. 1) or P 1 ‾ (no. 2). The only structure solution that showed no unrealistically close La3+···La3+ contacts and that could be refined was obtained in space group P1. The positions of the lanthanum cations were obtained by using Direct Methods with the program Shelxs-97 [10, 11]. The positions of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and of the hydrogen atoms attached in between the dihydrogen cyanurate anions [H2N3C3O3]– became apparent from the highest electron density on the difference-Fourier map resulting from the first refinement cycles by full-matrix least-squares calculations on F 2 (Shelxl-97 [12, 13]). The positions of the other hydrogen atoms attached either to the oxygen atoms of the coordinated (Ow) or of the interstitial water molecules (Oi) could not be distinguished reliably from the background. Doing further refinement cycles, the refinement converged well and resulted in a stable model for the crystal structure (Table 1). The atomic coordinates and equivalent isotropic displacement coefficients can be found in Table 2, while Tables 3 and 4 display selected interatomic distances in the crystal structure of the title compound.

Table 1:

Summary of single-crystal X-ray diffraction data of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.

Formula La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O
M r 1352.55
Crystal color Colorless, transparent
Crystal shape Square plate
Crystal size, mm3 0.13×0.13×0.04
Crystal system Triclinic
Space group P1 (no. 1)
Z 2
Lattice parameters:
a, b, c/pm 987.24(7), 1110.97(8), 1179.81(9)
α, β, γ/deg 113.716(2), 97.053(2), 101.502(2)
V/Å3 1130.83(14)
D cal/g cm−3 1.99
F(000)/e – 674
μ/mm−1 2.0
Diffractometer Nonius Kappa CCD (Bruker AXS)
Radiation, λ/pm; monochromator MoKα, 71.07; graphite
T/K 293(2)
Ranges: 2ϑ max/deg; h, k, l 55.1; ±12, ±14, ±15
Data correction Background, LP, HABITUS [9]
Reflections measured; unique 33,456; 9901
Observed reflections with F o  > 4 σ(F o ) 8917
R int; R σ 0.052; 0.047
Refined parameters 676
R 1 a; wR 2 b; GooFc (all reflections) 0.042; 0.089; 1.034
Factors x; y (weighting scheme)b 0.0525; 0.3738
Max. shift/esd, last refinement cycle <0.0001
Flack parameter x [14, 15] 0.325(14)
Δρ fin (max; min); e –Å−3 1.12 (165 pm to Oi3); −0.93 (64 pm to Oi4)
CSD number 2084430

  1. a R 1 =  ∑ ‖ F o | − | F c ‖ / ∑ | F o | ; b wR 2 =  [ ∑ w ( F o 2 − F c 2 ) 2 / ∑ ( w F o 2 ) 2 ] 1 2 ; w =  1 / [ σ 2 ( F o 2 ) + ( x P ) 2 + y P ] , where P =  [ ( F o 2 ) + ( 2 F c 2 ) ] / 3 and x and y are constants adjusted by the program; cGoF(S) =  [ ∑ w ( F o 2 − F c 2 ) 2 / ( n − p ) ] 1 2 , with n being the number of reflections and p being the number of refined parameters.

Table 2:

Atomic coordinates and equivalent isotropic displacement parametersa of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.

Atom x/a y/b z/c U eq/pm2a Atom x/a y/b z/c U eq/pm2a
La1 0.29296(2) 0.03442(2) 0.87919(2) 246.0(11) N31 0.7481(9) 0.5591(9) 0.8584(8) 262(18)
Ow11 0.3656(9) 0.0542(9) 0.6918(7) 581(18) H31 0.743(10) 0.531(9) 0.804(7) 310
Ow12 0.4676(7) 0.8956(7) 0.8565(7) 470(17) N32 0.7335(9) 0.5559(9) 0.0476(8) 273(18)
Ow13 0.0367(6) 0.0173(5) 0.7961(6) 641(19) H32 0.714(8) 0.517(8) 0.102(7) 330
Ow14 0.1865(8) 0.8057(7) 0.6852(6) 416(16) N33 0.8210(8) 0.7639(8) 0.0430(8) 270(17)
Ow15 0.5452(7) 0.1938(7) 0.9771(7) 394(15) C41 0.6949(10) 0.4885(10) 0.3246(8) 250(20)
Ow16 0.3837(7) 0.0386(8) 0.0951(6) 431(16) C42 0.7874(11) 0.7045(8) 0.5083(9) 290(20)
Ow17 0.1216(5) 0.8601(4) 0.9277(4) 395(15) C43 0.7165(11) 0.4907(10) 0.5206(10) 290(20)
La2 0.82572(2) 0.00668(2) 0.24042(2) 236.7(11) O41 0.6645(8) 0.4288(7) 0.2055(6) 357(17)
Ow21 0.6456(7) 0.1426(7) 0.2950(6) 354(14) O42 0.8432(9) 0.8309(8) 0.5627(7) 470(20)
Ow22 0.0607(5) 0.0305(4) 0.1700(5) 478(17) O43 0.7004(9) 0.4349(8) 0.5955(7) 470(20)
Ow23 0.7276(8) 0.9816(8) 0.4237(7) 408(15) N41 0.6796(9) 0.4225(9) 0.3961(8) 306(19)
Ow24 0.0219(5) 0.9987(5) 0.4018(5) 497(17) N42 0.7454(10) 0.6274(9) 0.3823(8) 350(20)
Ow25 0.5627(7) 0.8526(7) 0.1377(7) 355(14) H42 0.755(9) 0.682(9) 0.344(7) 420
Ow26 0.7564(8) 0.0007(7) 0.0107(7) 410(16) N43 0.7733(10) 0.6295(9) 0.5802(8) 330(20)
C11 0.2996(11) 0.3370(11) 0.2023(10) 330(20) H43 0.799(8) 0.679(8) 0.664(7) 400
C12 0.3936(10) 0.5553(11) 0.1932(10) 280(20) C51 0.9416(6) 0.3225(6) 0.1725(5) 283(11)
C13 0.3114(11) 0.3407(11) 0.0064(10) 300(20) C52 0.0556(10) 0.5338(10) 0.3632(8) 223(18)
O11 0.2724(8) 0.2817(7) 0.2713(6) 346(15) C53 0.9706(6) 0.3187(5) 0.3692(5) 266(11)
O12 0.4491(9) 0.6775(8) 0.2476(7) 443(19) O51 0.8990(5) 0.2674(4) 0.0561(4) 379(9)
O13 0.2960(8) 0.2782(7) 0.8883(7) 342(16) O52 0.1176(9) 0.6547(8) 0.4138(7) 460(20)
N11 0.3573(9) 0.4789(8) 0.2605(8) 309(19) O53 0.9600(8) 0.2511(7) 0.4332(7) 414(16)
H11 0.383(8) 0.510(8) 0.355(7) 370 N51 0.9212(5) 0.2533(4) 0.2435(4) 284(10)
N12 0.3648(10) 0.4802(9) 0.0659(9) 291(19) N52 0.0334(10) 0.4570(8) 0.4277(8) 350(18)
H12 0.382(10) 0.516(10) 0.039(9) 350 H52 0.098(7) 0.515(7) 0.537(7) 420
N13 0.2781(9) 0.2700(8) 0.0747(8) 302(18) N53 0.0096(9) 0.4588(9) 0.2323(9) 341(19)
C21 0.4216(10) 0.5545(9) 0.7974(9) 290(20) H53 0.049(9) 0.529(9) 0.147(9) 410
C22 0.4060(11) 0.5483(10) 0.5955(9) 290(20) C61 0.0663(11) 0.5213(11) 0.7619(11) 370(30)
C23 0.3253(9) 0.3343(11) 0.6087(8) 300(20) C62 0.9728(6) 0.3077(6) 0.7754(5) 314(12)
O21 0.4543(7) 0.6104(7) 0.9145(6) 323(16) C63 0.0585(7) 0.5291(7) 0.9566(7) 326(14)
O22 0.4196(9) 0.6037(8) 0.5271(7) 417(19) O61 0.0922(9) 0.5681(8) 0.6865(7) 450(19)
O23 0.2803(8) 0.2118(6) 0.5651(7) 399(18) O62 0.9196(5) 0.1828(4) 0.7261(4) 458(11)
N21 0.4410(9) 0.6224(8) 0.7274(8) 285(18) O63 0.0740(5) 0.5902(4) 0.0764(4) 385(10)
N22 0.3493(10) 0.4068(10) 0.5460(8) 310(20) N61 0.0070(8) 0.3773(8) 0.7059(8) 317(18)
H22 0.329(12) 0.379(11) 0.506(8) 370 H61 −0.015(7) 0.347(7) 0.628(7) 380
N23 0.3640(8) 0.4120(9) 0.7397(8) 285(18) N62 0.0936(8) 0.5903(9) 0.8851(7) 264(17)
H23 0.361(8) 0.371(8) 0.808(7) 340 N63 0.0001(5) 0.3887(5) 0.9023(5) 326(10)
C31 0.7982(9) 0.6977(9) 0.9154(7) 208(17) H63 −0.008(7) 0.361(7) 0.953(7) 390
C32 0.7088(10) 0.4814(10) 0.9174(9) 250(20) Oi1 0.6117(6) 0.1760(5) 0.5744(5) 461(18)
C33 0.7883(10) 0.6931(10) 0.1072(9) 248(19) Oi2 0.4586(8) 0.8579(8) 0.5246(7) 770(2)
O31 0.8219(8) 0.7609(7) 0.8497(7) 364(16) Oi3 0.1870(7) 0.8299(7) 0.2975(7) 820(2)
O32 0.6597(7) 0.3583(7) 0.8639(7) 340(16) Oi4 0.4025(9) 0.0477(8) 0.3459(8) 970(2)
O33 0.8072(8) 0.7580(7) 0.2255(6) 363(17)

  1. a U eq is defined as a third of the orthogonalized U ij tensors [16]. The Wyckoff site for all atoms is 1a. Hydrogen atoms are fixed to O or N with U iso as 5/3 of U eq(O) or U eq(N).

Table 3:

Selected interatomic distances in the coordination spheres of the La3+ cations in La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.

La1 – d in pm La2 – d in pm
OwH2 7× 248.3(7) −260.0(4) OwH2 6× 253.5(6) −268.3(7)
O13 1× 266.1(7) O33 1× 266.4(7)
N13 1× 275.1(8) N33 1× 275.2(8)
O53 1× 267.6(7)
N51 1× 269.7(4)

  1. All distances less than 300 pm were considered.

Table 4:

Ranges of the interatomic distances in the six crystallographically different, singly deprotonated CYA molecules [H2N3C3O3]– as compared with CYA [17] itself.

CYA– anion or CYA d(C–O) in pm d(C–N) in pm
#1 [H2N3C3O3]– 121.3(12)–125.4(13) 135.8(13)–140.4(13)
#2 [H2N3C3O3]– 120.1(12)–123.2(12) 130.2(14)–140.5(12)
#3 [H2N3C3O3]– 121.2(11)–125.5(12) 131.7(11)–138.1(13)
#4 [H2N3C3O3]– 125.1(11)–127.5(12) 131.4(14)–140.9(12)
#5 [H2N3C3O3]– 121.3(12)–126.0(9) 133.5(7)–137.3(10)
#6 [H2N3C3O3]– 122.5(13)–127.1(9) 130.4(15)–138.7(9)
[H3N3C3O3] 121.61(14)–122.36(10) 136.83(9)–137.29(9)

  1. Yellow color indicates the coordination sphere of La1, green color that one of La2.

Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) for the structure of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O has been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB21EZ, UK. Further details of the crystal structure investigation may be obtained free of charge from the joint CCDC/ICSD Karlsruhe online deposition service: https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/structures by quoting the deposition number CCDC 2084430.

3 Results and discussion

3.1 Crystal structure

The title compound contains six crystallographically different singly deprotonated CYA molecules as [H2N3C3O3]– anions with an alternating carbon-nitrogen sequence (Figure 1). These anions exhibit a wider range of C–N (130–141 pm) and C–O (120–127 pm) bond lengths, when compared to the neutral CYA molecule in the crystal structure of anhydrous CYA ([H2N3C3O3]: d(C–N) = 137 pm and d(C–O) = 122 pm [17]). Nevertheless, these bond lengths do not differ significantly from each other (Table 4). As in the anhydrous CYA [17], all anions form planar ribbons, which are held in place by hydrogen-oxygen interactions (Figure 2). However, according to our refinement, the positions of the hydrogen atoms shift from the oxygen towards the nitrogen positions. This was also observed for the anhydrous CYA itself and is displayed in Figure 3 for comparison.

Figure 1: View of the extended unit cell of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O along the crystallographic c axis.
Figure 1:

View of the extended unit cell of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O along the crystallographic c axis.

Figure 2: Connectivity patterns of the crystallographically different planar dihydrogencyanurate anions to ribbons in the crystal structure of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.
Figure 2:

Connectivity patterns of the crystallographically different planar dihydrogencyanurate anions to ribbons in the crystal structure of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.

Figure 3: Connectivity patterns of the planar dihydrogencyanurate anions [H2N3C3O3]– to ribbons in anhydrous cyanuric acid CYA [17].
Figure 3:

Connectivity patterns of the planar dihydrogencyanurate anions [H2N3C3O3]– to ribbons in anhydrous cyanuric acid CYA [17].

The structures are governed by the oxophilic strength of the cation and multiple hydrogen bonding sites of the dihydrogencyanurate anions. The cations fill their coordination spheres with water molecules incorporating not more than two contacts to a nitrogen atom belonging to the deprotonated anion, while these very anions are stacked to maximize the contact between the six-membered rings. The two crystallographically different La3+ cations are coordinated in both cases by water molecules represented in Figure 4 by their oxygen atoms Ow. The irregular ninefold coordination sphere of (La1)3+ (Figure 4) is completed by one [H2N3C3O3]– anion, while two crystallographically different [H2N3C3O3]– anions are in contact with the tenfold coordinated (La2)3+ cation (Figure 5).

Figure 4: Coordination sphere of the (La1)3+ cation in La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.
Figure 4:

Coordination sphere of the (La1)3+ cation in La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.

Figure 5: Coordination sphere of the (La2)3+ cation in La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.
Figure 5:

Coordination sphere of the (La2)3+ cation in La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O.

The hydrated La3+ cations as well as the anionic ribbons [H2N3C3O3]– form layers stacked in turns normal to the crystallographic a axis. The [H2N3C3O3]– anions are held together by nitrogen–hydrogen–oxygen hydrogen bonds: N–H···O. The dihydrogencyanurate units are sandwiched by layers of the cations and held in place by the interaction of the metal cations with the carbonyl oxygen atoms of the anions. The anionic { H 2 N 3 C 3 O 3 } n n − ribbons run perpendicular to the ac plane forming sheets with carbon atoms of one layer above nitrogen atoms of the neighboring layer with distances between 325 and 340 pm. This was observed for other cyanurate compounds before and assigned to π–π stacking [18]. The layers stay in place not only by these weak C···N interactions, but also by water molecules hydrogen-bonded to carbonyl oxygen atoms adjacent to the deprotonated nitrogen atom of the [H2N3C3O3]– moiety. As mentioned above, the positions of the hydrogen atoms attached either to the oxygen atoms of the crystal water of hydration (Ow) or of the interstitial water molecules (Oi) were not found nor refined. The donor-acceptor distances Oi···Ow from 265 to 290 pm and Oi···Oi from 270 to 282 pm indicate that the interstitial water molecules also take part in a complex O–H···O bonding system stabilizing the structure.

4 Conclusions

With La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O, a dihydrogencyanurate hydrate with the largest of rare-earth metals has been synthesized and structurally characterized with single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The crystals have a layer structure with alternating sheets of anions and cations. The former are forming ribbons through strong hydrogen bonding, while the coordinated and interspersed water molecules are integral parts of a multidimensional hydrogen-bonded network. The La atoms are nine- and ten-coordinated with O,N contacts to only one or two dihydrogencyanurate anions, respectively.

Dedicated to: Professor Richard Dronskowski of the RWTH Aachen on the occasion of his 60th birthday.

Corresponding author: Olaf Reckeweg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany, E-mail:

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Received: 2021-08-25
Accepted: 2021-09-15
Published Online: 2021-10-18
Published in Print: 2021-11-25

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Laudatio/Preface
  4. Celebrating the 60th birthday of Richard Dronskowski
  5. Review
  6. Orbital-selective electronic excitation in phase-change memory materials: a brief review
  7. Research Articles
  8. Solving the puzzle of the dielectric nature of tantalum oxynitride perovskites
  9. d- and s-orbital populations in the d block: unbound atoms in physical vacuum versus chemical elements in condensed matter. A Dronskowski-population analysis
  10. Single-crystal structures of A 2SiF6 (A = Tl, Rb, Cs), a better structure model for Tl3[SiF6]F, and its novel tetragonal polymorph
  11. Na2La4(NH2)14·NH3, a lanthanum-rich intermediate in the ammonothermal synthesis of LaN and the effect of ammonia loss on the crystal structure
  12. Linarite from Cap Garonne
  13. Salts of octabismuth(2+) polycations crystallized from Lewis-acidic ionic liquids
  14. High-temperature diffraction experiments and phase diagram of ZrO2 and ZrSiO4
  15. Thermal conversion of the hydrous aluminosilicate LiAlSiO3(OH)2 into γ-eucryptite
  16. Crystal structure of mechanochemically prepared Ag2FeGeS4
  17. Effect of nanostructured Al2O3 on poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid polymer electrolytes
  18. Sr7N2Sn3: a layered antiperovskite-type nitride stannide containing zigzag chains of Sn4 polyanions
  19. Exploring the frontier between polar intermetallics and Zintl phases for the examples of the prolific ALnTnTe3-type alkali metal (A) lanthanide (Ln) late transition metal (Tn) tellurides
  20. Zwitterion coordination to configurationally flexible d 10 cations: synthesis and characterization of tetrakis(betaine) complexes of divalent Zn, Cd, and Hg
  21. An approach towards the synthesis of lithium and beryllium diphenylphosphinites
  22. Synthesis, crystal and electronic structure of CaNi2Al8
  23. Crystal and electronic structure of the new ternary phosphide Ho5Pd19P12
  24. Synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of the quaternary oxysulfides Ln 5V3O7S6 (Ln = La, Ce)
  25. Synthesis, crystal and electronic structure of BaLi2Cd2Ge2
  26. Structural variations of trinitrato(terpyridine)lanthanoid complexes
  27. Preparation of CoGe2-type NiSn2 at 10 GPa
  28. Controlled exposure of CuO thin films through corrosion-protecting, ALD-deposited TiO2 overlayers
  29. Experimental and computational investigations of TiIrB: a new ternary boride with Ti1+x Rh2−x+y Ir3−y B3-type structure
  30. Synthesis and crystal structure of the lanthanum cyanurate complex La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O
  31. Cd additive effect on self-flux growth of Cs-intercalated NbS2 superconducting single crystals
  32. 14N, 13C, and 119Sn solid-state NMR characterization of tin(II) carbodiimide Sn(NCN)
  33. Superexchange interactions in AgMF4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu) polymorphs
  34. Copper(I) iodide-based organic–inorganic hybrid compounds as phosphor materials
  35. On iodido bismuthates, bismuth complexes and polyiodides with bismuth in the system BiI3/18-crown-6/I2
  36. Synthesis, crystal structure and selected properties of K2[Ni(dien)2]{[Ni(dien)]2Ta6O19}·11 H2O
  37. First low-spin carbodiimide, Fe2(NCN)3, predicted from first-principles investigations
  38. A novel ternary bismuthide, NaMgBi: crystal and electronic structure and electrical properties
  39. Magnetic properties of 1D spin systems with compositional disorder of three-spin structural units
  40. Amine-based synthesis of Fe3C nanomaterials: mechanism and impact of synthetic conditions
  41. Enhanced phosphorescence of Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes adsorbed onto Laponite for optical sensing of triplet molecular dioxygen in water
  42. Theoretical investigations of hydrogen absorption in the A15 intermetallics Ti3Sb and Ti3Ir
  43. Assembly of cobalt-p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene frameworks with phosphate, phosphite and phenylphosphonate ligands
  44. Chiral bis(pyrazolyl)methane copper(I) complexes and their application in nitrene transfer reactions
  45. UoC-6: a first MOF based on a perfluorinated trimesate ligand
  46. PbCN2 – an elucidation of its modifications and morphologies
  47. Flux synthesis, crystal structure and electronic properties of the layered rare earth metal boride silicide Er3Si5–x B. An example of a boron/silicon-ordered structure derived from the AlB2 structure type
https://doi.org/10.1515/znb-2021-0135
Keywords for this article
crystal structure; cyanurate; hydrate; lanthanum

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Laudatio/Preface
  4. Celebrating the 60th birthday of Richard Dronskowski
  5. Review
  6. Orbital-selective electronic excitation in phase-change memory materials: a brief review
  7. Research Articles
  8. Solving the puzzle of the dielectric nature of tantalum oxynitride perovskites
  9. d- and s-orbital populations in the d block: unbound atoms in physical vacuum versus chemical elements in condensed matter. A Dronskowski-population analysis
  10. Single-crystal structures of A 2SiF6 (A = Tl, Rb, Cs), a better structure model for Tl3[SiF6]F, and its novel tetragonal polymorph
  11. Na2La4(NH2)14·NH3, a lanthanum-rich intermediate in the ammonothermal synthesis of LaN and the effect of ammonia loss on the crystal structure
  12. Linarite from Cap Garonne
  13. Salts of octabismuth(2+) polycations crystallized from Lewis-acidic ionic liquids
  14. High-temperature diffraction experiments and phase diagram of ZrO2 and ZrSiO4
  15. Thermal conversion of the hydrous aluminosilicate LiAlSiO3(OH)2 into γ-eucryptite
  16. Crystal structure of mechanochemically prepared Ag2FeGeS4
  17. Effect of nanostructured Al2O3 on poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid polymer electrolytes
  18. Sr7N2Sn3: a layered antiperovskite-type nitride stannide containing zigzag chains of Sn4 polyanions
  19. Exploring the frontier between polar intermetallics and Zintl phases for the examples of the prolific ALnTnTe3-type alkali metal (A) lanthanide (Ln) late transition metal (Tn) tellurides
  20. Zwitterion coordination to configurationally flexible d 10 cations: synthesis and characterization of tetrakis(betaine) complexes of divalent Zn, Cd, and Hg
  21. An approach towards the synthesis of lithium and beryllium diphenylphosphinites
  22. Synthesis, crystal and electronic structure of CaNi2Al8
  23. Crystal and electronic structure of the new ternary phosphide Ho5Pd19P12
  24. Synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of the quaternary oxysulfides Ln 5V3O7S6 (Ln = La, Ce)
  25. Synthesis, crystal and electronic structure of BaLi2Cd2Ge2
  26. Structural variations of trinitrato(terpyridine)lanthanoid complexes
  27. Preparation of CoGe2-type NiSn2 at 10 GPa
  28. Controlled exposure of CuO thin films through corrosion-protecting, ALD-deposited TiO2 overlayers
  29. Experimental and computational investigations of TiIrB: a new ternary boride with Ti1+x Rh2−x+y Ir3−y B3-type structure
  30. Synthesis and crystal structure of the lanthanum cyanurate complex La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O
  31. Cd additive effect on self-flux growth of Cs-intercalated NbS2 superconducting single crystals
  32. 14N, 13C, and 119Sn solid-state NMR characterization of tin(II) carbodiimide Sn(NCN)
  33. Superexchange interactions in AgMF4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu) polymorphs
  34. Copper(I) iodide-based organic–inorganic hybrid compounds as phosphor materials
  35. On iodido bismuthates, bismuth complexes and polyiodides with bismuth in the system BiI3/18-crown-6/I2
  36. Synthesis, crystal structure and selected properties of K2[Ni(dien)2]{[Ni(dien)]2Ta6O19}·11 H2O
  37. First low-spin carbodiimide, Fe2(NCN)3, predicted from first-principles investigations
  38. A novel ternary bismuthide, NaMgBi: crystal and electronic structure and electrical properties
  39. Magnetic properties of 1D spin systems with compositional disorder of three-spin structural units
  40. Amine-based synthesis of Fe3C nanomaterials: mechanism and impact of synthetic conditions
  41. Enhanced phosphorescence of Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes adsorbed onto Laponite for optical sensing of triplet molecular dioxygen in water
  42. Theoretical investigations of hydrogen absorption in the A15 intermetallics Ti3Sb and Ti3Ir
  43. Assembly of cobalt-p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene frameworks with phosphate, phosphite and phenylphosphonate ligands
  44. Chiral bis(pyrazolyl)methane copper(I) complexes and their application in nitrene transfer reactions
  45. UoC-6: a first MOF based on a perfluorinated trimesate ligand
  46. PbCN2 – an elucidation of its modifications and morphologies
  47. Flux synthesis, crystal structure and electronic properties of the layered rare earth metal boride silicide Er3Si5–x B. An example of a boron/silicon-ordered structure derived from the AlB2 structure type
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