Abstract
In this paper, the optical fiber ammonia sensor based on porous Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped NaYF4 up-conversion material/phenol red composites and optical fiber with end plane fusion sphere was proposed. Phenol red and Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped NaYF4 were mixed thoroughly and fixed stably in the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix. The optical fiber with end plane fusion sphere was inserted into the sensitive composite material to form ammonia sensitive probe. The ammonia concentration will affect the intensity of absorption of up-conversion luminescence located at 545 nm by phenol red because of the reaction between ammonia and phenol red. The detected intensity of up-conversion luminescence near 545 nm decreases with the increasing ammonia concentration. The signal wavelength will not be affected by the background visible light due to the 980 nm wavelength of excitation is far from the signal wavelength. The response time and recover time also were measured and discussed.
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: NO.51904053
Funding source: Chongqing Municipal Education Commission
Award Identifier / Grant number: KJQN201801133
Award Identifier / Grant number: KJQN202101142
Funding source: Chongqing Science and Technology Commission
Award Identifier / Grant number: cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0539
Award Identifier / Grant number: cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0923
-
Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.51904053); Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (KJQN201801133, KJQN202101142); Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau (cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0923, cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0539).
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
References
[1] M. Bendahan, P. Lauque, C. Lambert-Mauriat, H. Carchano, and J. L. Seguin, “Sputtered thin films of CuBr for ammonia microsensors: morphology, composition and ageing,” Sensor. Actuator. B Chem., vol. 84, pp. 6–11, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4005(02)00004-7.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] S. S. Sarkisov, M. Czarick, B. D. Fairchild, Y. Liang, T. V. Kukhtareva, and M. J. Curley, “Colorimetric polymer-metal nanocomposite sensor of ammonia for the agricultural industry of confined animal feeding operations,” Opt. Eng., vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 021107–021110, 2014.10.1117/1.OE.53.2.021107Suche in Google Scholar
[3] J. Seedorf and J. Hartung, “Survey of ammonia concentrations in livestock buildings,” J. Agric. Sci. Technol., vol. 133, pp. 433–437, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859699007170.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] S. Tao, J. C. Fanguy, and T. V. S. Sarma, “A fiber-optic sensor for monitoring trace ammonia in high-temperature gas samples with a -doped porous silica optical fiber as a transducer,” IEEE Sensor. J., vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 2000–2007, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2008.2007662.Suche in Google Scholar
[5] L. R. Jaroszewicz, S. K. Mishra, S. Bhardwaj, and B. D. Gupta, “Optical fiber ammonia gas sensor utilizing surface plasmon resonance of copper/bromocresol purple thin films,” in Paper presented at the Fifth European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors, 2013.Suche in Google Scholar
[6] P. G. Prabhash, V. S. Haritha, S. S. Nair, and Pilankatta, “Localized surface plasmon resonance based highly sensitive room temperature pH sensor for detection and quantification of ammonia,” Sensor. Actuator. B Chem., vol. 240, pp. 580–585, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.08.159.Suche in Google Scholar
[7] A. J. R. Rodríguez, D. A. May-Arrioja, and R. F. D. Cruz, “Optical fiber ammonia sensor using Bromocresol green pH indicator,” IEEE Sensor. J., vol. 2014, pp. 1146–1149, 2014.10.1109/ICSENS.2014.6985210Suche in Google Scholar
[8] D. Pawar, S. A. Mane, S. N. Kale, “Bromothymol blue coated optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer for ammonia gas sensor,” in 2017 25th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference (OFS), IEEE, vol. 2017, pp. 1–4, 2017.10.1117/12.2265406Suche in Google Scholar
[9] A. J. Rodríguez, C. R. Zamarreño, and I. R. Matías, “Optical fiber ammonia sensor using a universal pH indicator,” Sensors, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 4060–4073, 2014.10.3390/s140304060Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[10] H. S. Mader and O. S. Wolfbeis, “Optical ammonia sensor based on upconverting luminescent nanoparticles,” Anal. Chem., vol. 82, no. 12, pp. 5002–5004, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac1007283.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[11] Y. I. Park, J. H. Kim, K. T. Lee, et al.., “Nonblinking and nonbleaching upconverting nanomaterials an optical imaging nanoprobe and T1 magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent,” Adv. Mater., vol. 21, pp. 4467–4471, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200901356.Suche in Google Scholar
[12] A. Aebischer, S. Heer, D. Biner, K. Kramer, M. Haase, and H. U. Gudel, “Visible light emission upon near-infrared excitation in a transparent solution of nanocrystalline β-NaGdF4:Yb3+, Er3+,” Chem. Phys., vol. 407, pp. 124–128, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2005.03.053.Suche in Google Scholar
[13] C. G. Morgan, S. Dad, and A. C. Mitchell, “Present status of, and future prospects for, upconverting phosphors in proximity-based bioassay,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 451, pp. 526–529, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.124.Suche in Google Scholar
[14] L. N. Sun, H. S. Peng, M. I. J. Stich, D. Achatz, and O. S. Wolfbeis, “pH sensor based on upconverting luminescent lanthanide nanorods,” Chem. Commun., vol. 2009, pp. 5000–5002, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1039/b907822c.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[15] S. Sivakumar, P. R. Diamente, and F. C. van Veggel, “Silicacoated Ln3+-doped LaF3 nanomaterials robust down-and upconverting biolabels,” Chem. - Eur. J., vol. 12, pp. 5878–5884, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200600224.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[16] M. Wang, C. C. Mi, and J. L. Liu, “One-step synthesis and characterization of water-soluble NaYF4: Yb, Er/Polymer nanomaterial with efficient up-conversion fluorescence,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 485, nos 1-2, pp. L24–L27, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.05.138.Suche in Google Scholar
[17] Y. Wang, R. Cai, and Z. Liu, “Controlled synthesis of NaYF4: Yb, Er nanocrystals with upconversion fluorescence via a facile hydrothermal procedure in aqueous solution,” CrystEngComm, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1772–1774, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0ce00708k.Suche in Google Scholar
[18] C. Li, Z. Quan, and J. Yang, “Highly uniform and monodisperse β-NaYF4: Ln3+ (Ln= Eu, Tb, Yb/Er, and Yb/Tm) hexagonal microprism crystals: hydrothermal synthesis and luminescent properties,” Inorg. Chem., vol. 46, no. 16, pp. 6329–6337, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic070335i.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- General
- Anomalous skin effects and energy transfer of R-L waves in relativistic partially degenerate plasma
- Atomic, Molecular & Chemical Physics
- Optical fiber ammonia sensor based on porous Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped NaYF4/phenol red composites
- Dynamical Systems & Nonlinear Phenomena
- Relativistic electron dynamics in magnetic fields with low-degree of field nonlinearity
- Gravitation & Cosmology
- Quantum cosmology
- Hydrodynamics
- Translationally invariant exact steady flows of gas and fluid
- Quantum Theory
- Exact path integral solutions of Dirac wave equation for an exponentially decaying magnetic field
- Solid State Physics & Materials Science
- Heat transfer analysis describing freezing of a eutectic system by a line heat sink with convection effect in cylindrical geometry
- Oscillating modes of thermomagnetic avalanches in superconductors
- Doped TiO2 slabs for water splitting: a DFT study
- The design of optical non-reciprocal abnormal transmission based on PT asymmetric system
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- General
- Anomalous skin effects and energy transfer of R-L waves in relativistic partially degenerate plasma
- Atomic, Molecular & Chemical Physics
- Optical fiber ammonia sensor based on porous Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped NaYF4/phenol red composites
- Dynamical Systems & Nonlinear Phenomena
- Relativistic electron dynamics in magnetic fields with low-degree of field nonlinearity
- Gravitation & Cosmology
- Quantum cosmology
- Hydrodynamics
- Translationally invariant exact steady flows of gas and fluid
- Quantum Theory
- Exact path integral solutions of Dirac wave equation for an exponentially decaying magnetic field
- Solid State Physics & Materials Science
- Heat transfer analysis describing freezing of a eutectic system by a line heat sink with convection effect in cylindrical geometry
- Oscillating modes of thermomagnetic avalanches in superconductors
- Doped TiO2 slabs for water splitting: a DFT study
- The design of optical non-reciprocal abnormal transmission based on PT asymmetric system