The effect of tablet detergent wastewater using zeolite from rice husk ash on the chemical water quality and the growth of water hyacinth
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Yusriadi Yusriadi
Yusriadi Yusriadi is senior researcher and lecturer in Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Indonesia where he has been a faculty member since 2005. Currently, he is the Head of Pharmaceutics department in the Faculty. His research interests lie in the area of Pharmaceutical Technology, ranging from theory to design to implementation. He has collaborated actively with researchers in several other disciplines of pharmaceutical biology and pharmacology, particularly natural medicine application.
Dian Ridayanti is an undergraduate student who has been involved in this project. Ridayanti likes to analyze, interpret, criticize scientific literature related to her area of interest such as pharmaceutics.
Evi Sulastri is senior researcher, lecturer in Tadulako University, Indonesia and currently doing her Ph.D at the Padjadjaran University, Indonesia. Her current research encompasses the development of raw materials in pharmaceutical sciences application. In pursuing these interests, Sulastri has learned and applied both qualitative and quantitative methodologies such as reviews of documents in the area of interest, instrumental and statistical analysis.
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Nuur Aanisah
Nuur Aanisah is a Junior Lecturer in Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Indonesia. Aanisah was fascinated with the current development of drugs and this interest led to some exposure to the laboratory. She teaches solid dosage forms formulation at the college level. She also likes to share some experience and ideas to the student related to the novel pharmaceutical technology.
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the effect of detergent tablets containing zeolite from rice husk ash as builder on chemical water quality and growth of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Water hyacinth is a plant that grows very readily in waters contaminated by detergent effluent, which can lead to eutrophication. Three detergent formulations were studied, differing only in their zeolite content: F1 (zeolite 15%), F2 (zeolite 20%) and F3 (zeolite 25%). The same formulations containing sodium tripolyphosphate (STTP) instead of zeolite were used for comparison: P1 (STTP 15%), P2 (STTP 20%) and P3 (STTP 25%). The effluents contained the respective formulations at five concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, 100)%. Water hyacinth growth was studied by plant wet weight, plant height, number of leaves and dry weight, and water chemical parameters were determined by chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solid (TSS) and pH value. The results of the plant growth studies showed that detergent formulations F1 and F2 and comparative detergent formulations P1 and P2 caused plant growth. The measurements of BOD, COD, TSS and pH showed that the detergent formulation with zeolite had a higher value than the formulation of the comparison detergent. The formulation with a zeolite concentration of 25% (F3) is recommended because it is the best formula that has a negative effect on plant growth compared to formulations F1 and F2. This is supported by chemical parameters among which the COD, BOD and pH values still meet the requirements of the quality standards for detergent waste water.
About the authors
Yusriadi Yusriadi is senior researcher and lecturer in Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Indonesia where he has been a faculty member since 2005. Currently, he is the Head of Pharmaceutics department in the Faculty. His research interests lie in the area of Pharmaceutical Technology, ranging from theory to design to implementation. He has collaborated actively with researchers in several other disciplines of pharmaceutical biology and pharmacology, particularly natural medicine application.
Dian Ridayanti is an undergraduate student who has been involved in this project. Ridayanti likes to analyze, interpret, criticize scientific literature related to her area of interest such as pharmaceutics.
Evi Sulastri is senior researcher, lecturer in Tadulako University, Indonesia and currently doing her Ph.D at the Padjadjaran University, Indonesia. Her current research encompasses the development of raw materials in pharmaceutical sciences application. In pursuing these interests, Sulastri has learned and applied both qualitative and quantitative methodologies such as reviews of documents in the area of interest, instrumental and statistical analysis.
Nuur Aanisah is a Junior Lecturer in Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Indonesia. Aanisah was fascinated with the current development of drugs and this interest led to some exposure to the laboratory. She teaches solid dosage forms formulation at the college level. She also likes to share some experience and ideas to the student related to the novel pharmaceutical technology.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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- Synthesis
- Preparation of carbosilane quaternary ammonium surfactants and surface activity
- Detergent Ingredients
- The effect of tablet detergent wastewater using zeolite from rice husk ash on the chemical water quality and the growth of water hyacinth
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Surfactant as an anti-corrosive agent: a review
- Applications
- Formulation and evaluation of a novel cubosomal emulgel for topical delivery of luliconazole
- Study on graphene-based emulsions as oil displacement agent
- Role of mixed surfactants system in preparation of silver nanoparticles
- Physical Chemistry
- Phase behavior of the sodium lauryl glutamate: effects of the temperature and concentration
- Synthesis
- Preparation of carbosilane quaternary ammonium surfactants and surface activity
- Detergent Ingredients
- The effect of tablet detergent wastewater using zeolite from rice husk ash on the chemical water quality and the growth of water hyacinth
- Biosurfactants
- Optimization of the primary purification process of extracting sphorolipid from the fermentation broth to achieve a higher yield and purity
