Abstract
There has been criticism of how Fair-Trade products represent workers in remote parts of the world where packaging offers an encounter with distant others which romanticizes and homogenizes them as a pre-modern form of ethnicity. Such workers are shown as always engaged in authentic, simple, honest decontextualized manual labor. And they are depicted as highly appreciative of, and empowered by, the act of ethical shopping. This paper shows that a close social semiotic analysis of Fair-Trade packaging reveals a different set of meanings which sit alongside the decontextualized ones. Designs integrate these workers into more contemporary kinds of modernist, rational, design chic, which communicates its own kind of honesty and authenticity. We consider how this, too, shapes how such consumers encounter distant others and its consequence for the meaning of the act of ethical shopping, where consumers can buy into moral alignment offered by products.
References
Bildtgård, Torbjörn. 2009. Mental foodscapes: Where Swedes would go to eat well (and places they would avoid). Food Culture and Society 12(4). 498–523.10.2752/175174409X456764Suche in Google Scholar
Bryant, Raymond & Michael Goodman. 2004. Consuming narratives: The political ecology of “alternative” consumption. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 29. 344–366.10.1111/j.0020-2754.2004.00333.xSuche in Google Scholar
Cameron, Deborah. 2000. Good to talk?: Living and working in a communication culture. London: Sage.10.4135/9781446217993Suche in Google Scholar
Carrigan, Marylyn, Svetla Marinova & Isabelle Szmigin. 2005. Ethics and international marketing: Research background and challenges. International Marketing Review 22(5). 481–493.10.1108/02651330510624345Suche in Google Scholar
Cleverdon, Robert & Angela Kalisch. 2000. Fair-Trade in tourism. International Journal of Tourism Research 2.171–187.10.1002/(SICI)1522-1970(200005/06)2:3<171::AID-JTR194>3.0.CO;2-KSuche in Google Scholar
Cliath, Alison G. 2007. Seeing shades: Ecological and socially just labeling. Organization and Environment 20(4). 413–439.10.1177/1086026607309406Suche in Google Scholar
Coles, Benjamin & Crang, Philip. 2011. Placing alternative consumption: Commodity fetishism in borough fine foods market, London. In Tania Lewis and Emily Potter (eds.), Ethical consumption: A critical introduction, 87–102. London: Routledge.Suche in Google Scholar
Djonov, Emelia & Theo van Leeuwen. 2011. The semiotics of texture: From haptic to visual. Visual Communication 10(4). 541–564.10.1177/1470357211415786Suche in Google Scholar
Doherty, Bob, Ian Davies & Sophi Tranchell. 2013. Where now for Fair-Trade? Business history 55(2). 161–189.10.1080/00076791.2012.692083Suche in Google Scholar
Dwyer, Claire & Peter Jackson. 2003. Commodifying difference: Selling EASTern fashion. Environment and Planning D: Society & Space 21(3). 269–291.10.1068/d349Suche in Google Scholar
Fairclough, Norman. 1992. Discourse and social change. Cambridge: Polity.Suche in Google Scholar
Fridell, Gavin. 2006. Fair-Trade and neoliberalism. Latin American perspectives 33(6). 8–28.10.1177/0094582X06294109Suche in Google Scholar
Geysmans, Robbe, Michiel P. M. M. De Krom & Lesley Hustinx. 2017. “Fairtradization”: A performative perspective on fair trade markets and the role of retail settings in their enactment. Consumption Markets & Culture 20(6). 539–558.10.1080/10253866.2017.1331909Suche in Google Scholar
Goodman, David, Melanie Dupuis & Michael Goodman. 2011. Alternative food networks: Knowledge, practice, and politics. Abingdon: Routledge.10.4324/9780203804520Suche in Google Scholar
Halliday, Michael A. K. 1978. Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. London: Edward Arnold.Suche in Google Scholar
Hudson, Ian & Mark Hudson. 2003. Removing the veil? Commodity fetishism, Fair-Trade, and the environment. Organization & environment 16(4). 413–430.10.1177/1086026603258926Suche in Google Scholar
Kress, Gunther & Theo van Leeuwen. 2001. Multimodal discourse: The modes and media of contemporary communication. London: Arnold.Suche in Google Scholar
Kress, Gunther & Theo van Leeuwen. 2002. Color as a semiotic mode: Notes for a grammar of color. Visual Communication 1(3). 343–368.10.1177/147035720200100306Suche in Google Scholar
Kress, Gunther & Theo van Leeuwen. 1996. Reading images: The grammar of visual design. London: Routledge.Suche in Google Scholar
Ledin, Per & David Machin. 2018. Doing visual analysis. London: Sage.Suche in Google Scholar
Low, Will & Eileen Davenport. 2005. Has the medium (roast) become the message?: The ethics of marketing Fair-Trade in the mainstream. International Marketing Review 22(5). 494–511.10.1108/02651330510624354Suche in Google Scholar
Luckmann, Thomas. 2009. Observations on the structure and function of communicative genres. Semiotica 173(1/2). 267–282.10.1515/SEMI.2009.011Suche in Google Scholar
Machin, David. 2007. Introduction to multimodal analysis. London: Bloomsbury.Suche in Google Scholar
Machin, David & Lydia Polzer. 2015. Visual journalism. London: Palgrave.10.5040/9781350394674Suche in Google Scholar
Miller, Daniel. 2001. The poverty of morality. Journal of Consumer Culture 1(2). 225–243.10.1177/146954050100100210Suche in Google Scholar
Pollan, Michael. 2006. Mass natural. New York Times Magazine (4 June 15). https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/04/magazine/04wwln_lede.html (accessed 2 December 2019).Suche in Google Scholar
Potter, Andrew. 2010. The authenticity hoax. London: Harper.Suche in Google Scholar
Ramamurthy, Anandi. 2012. Absences and silences: The representation of the tea picker in colonial and Fair Trade advertising. Visual culture in Britain 13(3). 367–381.10.1080/14714787.2012.717457Suche in Google Scholar
Scrase, Timothy J. 2003. Precarious production: Globalisation and artisan labor in the Third World. Third world quarterly 24(3). 449–461.10.1080/0143659032000084401Suche in Google Scholar
Seyfang, Gill. 2004. Consuming values and contested cultures: A critical analysis of the UK strategy for sustainable consumption and production. Review of social economy 62(3). 323–338.10.1080/0034676042000253936Suche in Google Scholar
Shugart, Helene A. 2015. Food fixations: Reconfiguring class in contemporary US food discourse. Food Culture & Society 17(2). 261–281.10.2752/175174414X13871910531665Suche in Google Scholar
van Leeuwen, Theo. 2005. Introduction to social semiotics. London: Routledge.Suche in Google Scholar
van Leeuwen, Theo. 2008. New forms of writing, new visual competencies. Visual Studies 23(2). 130–135.10.1080/14725860802276263Suche in Google Scholar
Varul, Mattias Z. 2008. Consuming the campesino: Fair-Trade marketing between recognition and romantic commodification. Cultural Studies 22(5). 654–679.10.1080/09502380802245910Suche in Google Scholar
West, Patrick. 2004. Conspicuous compassion. London: Civitas.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Introduction: The Making of Them and Us – Cultural encounters conveyed also through pictorial means
- Research Articles
- Translation as culture: The example of pictorial-verbal transposition in Sahagún’s primeros memoriales and codex florentino
- Germaine de Staël’s Réflexions sur le procès de la reine: An act of compassion?
- Mao’s Homeworld(s) – A comment on the use of propaganda posters in post-war China
- Construing Scandinavia: A semiotic account of intercultural exchange in theme park design
- The cultural semiotics of African encounters: Eighteenth-Century images of the Other
- Intercultural parallax: Comparative modeling, ethnic taxonomy, and the dynamic object
- Early body ornamentation as Ego-culture: Tracing the co-evolution of aesthetic ideals and cultural identity
- Intercultural competition over resources via contests for symbolic capitals
- Ethical food packaging and designed encounters with distant and exotic others
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Introduction: The Making of Them and Us – Cultural encounters conveyed also through pictorial means
- Research Articles
- Translation as culture: The example of pictorial-verbal transposition in Sahagún’s primeros memoriales and codex florentino
- Germaine de Staël’s Réflexions sur le procès de la reine: An act of compassion?
- Mao’s Homeworld(s) – A comment on the use of propaganda posters in post-war China
- Construing Scandinavia: A semiotic account of intercultural exchange in theme park design
- The cultural semiotics of African encounters: Eighteenth-Century images of the Other
- Intercultural parallax: Comparative modeling, ethnic taxonomy, and the dynamic object
- Early body ornamentation as Ego-culture: Tracing the co-evolution of aesthetic ideals and cultural identity
- Intercultural competition over resources via contests for symbolic capitals
- Ethical food packaging and designed encounters with distant and exotic others