Abstract
Metallodrugs correspond to a small portion of all available drugs in the market and, yet, some of them are among the most used and important drugs in modern medicine. However, medicinal inorganic chemistry remains an underestimated area within medicinal chemistry and the main reason is the mislead association of metals to toxic agents. Thus, in this review, the potential of medicinal inorganic chemistry in drug designing is highlighted through a description of the current status of metallodrugs and metallodrug candidates in advanced clinical trials. The broad spectrum of application of metal-based drugs in medicine for both therapy and diagnosis is addressed by the extensive list of examples presented herein.
Funding source: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior (CAPES)
Funding source: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Acknowledgements
The author is thankful to the Brazilian agencies for research funding: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: The study was supported by the Brazilian agencies: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
Abuchowski, A. SANGUINATE (PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine): mechanism of action and clinical update. Artif. Organs 2017, 41, 346–350. https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.12934.Search in Google Scholar
Accelerated Pharma. Form S-1 2016, 2016. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1630970/000114420416130880/v451545_s1a.htm (accessed Jun 10, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Accelerated Pharma. Picoplatin, 2020. http://apipharmaceuticals.com/planned_trials.html (accessed Jun 10, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Actinium Pharmaceuticals. Venetoclax and Lintuzumab-Ac225 in AML patients, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03867682 (accessed Oct 19, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Adgero Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. REM-001 therapy, 2020. https://www.adgerobiopharm.com/product-pipeline/rem-001-therapy (accessed May 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Alda, M. Lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorder: pharmacology and pharmacogenetics. Mol. Psychiatry 2015, 20, 661–670. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.4.Search in Google Scholar
Aldossary, S. A. Review on pharmacology of cisplatin: clinical use, toxicity and mechanism of resistance of cisplatin. Biomed. Pharmacol. J. 2019, 12. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1608.Search in Google Scholar
Alexandre, J.; Nicco, C.; Chereau, C.; Laurent, A.; Weill, B.; Goldwasser, F.; Batteux, F. Improvement of the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs by the superoxide dismutase mimic mangafodipir. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2006, 98, 236–244. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djj049.Search in Google Scholar
Alexion Pharmaceuticals. ALXN1840 for Wilson disease, 2020. https://alexion.com/our-research/pipeline (accessed Sep 29, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Efficacy and safety of ALXN1840 (formerly named WTX101) administered for 48 weeks versus standard of care in patients with Wilson disease with an extension period of up to 60 months, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03403205 (accessed Sep 29, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Andarix Pharmaceuticals. Rhenium Re 188 P2045 in patients with lung cancer who have received or refused to receive prior chemotherapy, 2004. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00100256 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Anderson, H.; Wagstaff, J.; Swindell, R.; Lind, M. J.; McGregor, J.; Timms, M. S.; Palmer, P. Comparative toxicity of cisplatin, carboplatin (CBDCA) and iproplatin (CHIP) in combination with cyclophosphamide in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 1988, 24, 1471–1479. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-5379(88)90338-0.Search in Google Scholar
Ascelia Pharma. Mangoral, 2020. https://www.ascelia.com/pipeline/mangoral/ (accessed Nov 12).Search in Google Scholar
Ascelia Pharma. Safety and diagnostic efficacy of Mangoral in patients with focal liver lesions and reduced kidney function (SPARKLE), 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04119843 (accessed Nov 12, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
AstraZeneca. Lokelma approved in the US for the treatment of adults with hyperkalaemia, 2018. https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2018/lokelma-approved-in-the-us-for-the-treatment-of-adults-with-hyperkalaemia-21052018.html (accessed Oct 06, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Barbosa, E. R.; Machado, A. A. C.; Cançado, L. R.; Deguti, M. M.; Scaff, M. Wilson’s disease: a case report and a historical review. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 2009, 67. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X2009000300036.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Bard. TheraSeed® Palladium-103 devices with SourceCapTM bioabsorbable caps, 2020. https://www.crbard.com/CRBard/media/ProductAssets/BardMedicalDivision/PF10199/en-US/UCC-prostate-theraseed-palladium-103devices-with-sourcecap-PF10197-IFU.pdf (accessed Oct 27, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Barillo, D. J.; Marx, D. E. Silver in medicine: a brief history BC 335 to present. Burns 2014, 40, S3–S8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2014.09.009.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Bashir, M. R.; Bhatti, L.; Marin, D.; Nelson, R. C. Emerging applications for ferumoxytol as contrast agent in MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015, 41, 884–898. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.24691.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Baskaran, R.; Lee, J.; Yang, S. Clinical development of photodynamic agents and therapeutic applications. Biomater. Res. 2018, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-018-0140-z.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Bierer, D. W. Bismuth subsalicylate: history, chemistry, and safety. Rev. Infect. Dis. 1990, 12, S3–S8. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/12.Supplement_1.S3.Search in Google Scholar
Bindoli, A.; Rigobello, M. P.; Scutari, G.; Gabbiani, C.; Casini, A.; Messori, L. Thioredoxin reductase: a target for gold compounds acting as potential anticancer drugs. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2009, 253, 1692–1707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2009.02.026.Search in Google Scholar
BioMimetix JV. A trial for treatment of cancer patients with multiple brain metastases undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03608020 (accessed Nov 05, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Biot, C.; Taramelli, D.; Forfar-Bares, I.; Maciejewski, L. A.; Boyce, M.; Nowogrocki, G.; Brocard, J. S.; Basilico, N.; Olliaro, P.; Egan, T. J. Insights into the mechanism of action of ferroquine. Relationship between physicochemical properties and antiplasmodial activity. Mol. Pharm. 2005, 02, 185–193. https://doi.org/10.1021/mp0500061.Search in Google Scholar
Bodei, L.; Kwekkkeboom, D. J.; Kidd, M.; Modlin, I. M.; Krenning, E. P. Radiolabeled somatostatin analogue therapy of gastroenteropancreatic cancer. Semin. Nucl. Med. 2016, 46, 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2015.12.003.Search in Google Scholar
Boros, E.; Packard, A. B. Radioactive transition metals for imaging and therapy. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 870–901. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00281.Search in Google Scholar
Boyd, R. E. Technetium-99m generators – the available options. Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 1982, 33, 801–809. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-708X(82)90121-1.Search in Google Scholar
Brill, A. B.; Beck, R. N. Evolution of clinical emission tomography. In Emission Tomography: the Fundamentals of PET and SPECT; Wernick, M. N., Aarsvold, J. N., Eds. Academic Press: San Diego, 2004; pp. 25–52.10.1016/B978-012744482-6.50006-5Search in Google Scholar
Bschor, T.; Bauer, M. Efficacy and mechanisms of action of lithium augmentation in refractory major depression. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2006, 12, 2985–2992. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161206777947650.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Bushnell, D. Study to evaluate the safety of combining two radionuclide therapies to treat mid-gut neuroendocrine tumors, 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03044977 (accessed Oct 15, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Caravan, P.; Ellison, J. J.; McMurry, T. J.; Lauffer, R. B. Gadolinium(III) chelates as MRI contrast agents: structure, dynamics, and applications. Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 2293–2352. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr980440x.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Cell Point LLC. A phase 3 study of 99mTC-EC-DG SPECT/CT versus PET/CT in lung cancer, 2011. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01394679 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Cell Point LLC. Efficacy and saftey study of 99mTc-ECDG in the evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD), 2013. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01899833 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Understanding thimerosal, mercury, and vaccine safety, 2013. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/patient-ed/conversations/downloads/vacsafe-thimerosal-color-office.pdf (accessed Sep 30, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Isoray. CesiumBlu, 2020. https://isoray.com/patients-families/why-cesium-blu/ (accessed Oct 27, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Chen, P.; Chakraborty, S.; Peres, T. V.; Bowman, A. B.; Aschner, M. Manganese-induced neurotoxicity: from C. elegans to humans. Toxicol. Res. 2015, 04, 191–202. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TX00127C.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Choi, J. W.; Moon, W. J. Gadolinium deposition in the brain: current updates. Korean J. Radiol. 2019, 20, 134–147. https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2018.0356.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Ciuleanu, T.; Samarzjia, M.; Demidchik, Y.; Beliakouski, V.; Rancic, M.; Bentsions, D. L.; Orlov, S. V.; Schaeffler, B. A.; De Jager, R. L.; Breitz, H. B. Randomized phase III study (SPEAR) of picoplatin plus best supportive care (BSC) or BSC alone in patients (pts) with SCLC refractory or progressive within 6 months after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 2010, 28. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.7002.Search in Google Scholar
Clarity Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy administered to participants with meningioma with 67Cu-SARTATE™, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03936426 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Clough, T. J.; Jiang, L.; Wong, K. L.; Long, N. J. Ligand design strategies to increase stability of gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09342-3.Search in Google Scholar
Collaborative Medicinal Development Pty Limited. CuATSM compared with placebo for treatment of ALS/MND, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04082832 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Clarke, D. 90Yttrium colloid for the treatment of cystic sellar/parasellar tumors, 2014. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02081768 (accessed Oct 15, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Das, B. K. Role of radiosynovectomy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and hemophilic arthropathies. Biomed. Imaging Interv. J. 2007, 03. https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.3.4.e45.Search in Google Scholar
Dasari, S.; Tchounwou, P. B. Cisplatin in cancer therapy: molecular mechanisms of action. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2014, 740, 363–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.025.Search in Google Scholar
Dearling, J. L.; Packard, A. B. Some thoughts on the mechanism of cellular trapping of Cu(II)-ATSM. Nucl. Med. Biol. 2010, 37, 237–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.11.004.Search in Google Scholar
Dollwet, H. H. A.; Sorenson, J. R. J. Historic uses of copper compounds in medicine. Trace Elem. Med. 1985, 02, 80–87.Search in Google Scholar
Dubar, F.; Egan, T. J.; Pradines, B.; Kuter, D.; Ncokazi, K. K.; Forge, D.; Paul, J.; Pierrot, C.; Kalamou, H.; Khalife, J.; Buisine, E.; Rogier, C.; Vezin, H.; Forfar, I.; Slomianny, C.; Trivelli, X.; Kapishnikov, S.; Leiserowitz, L.; Dive, D.; Biot, C. The antimalarial ferroquine: role of the metal and intramolecular hydrogen bond in activity and resistance. ACS Chem. Biol. 2011, 06, 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1021/cb100322v.Search in Google Scholar
Dubar, F.; Slomianny, C.; Khalife, J.; Dive, D.; Kalamou, H.; Guerardel, Y.; Grellier, P.; Biot, C. The ferroquine antimalarial conundrum: redox activation and reinvasion inhibition. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2013, 125, 7844–7847. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201303690.Search in Google Scholar
Endocyte. Study of 177Lu-PSMA-617 in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (VISION), 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03511664 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
European Medicines Agency (EMA). Lokelma, 2018. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/lokelma (accessed Oct 06, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
European Medicines Agency (EMA). Orplatna: withdrawal of the marketing authorisation application, 2008. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/withdrawn-applications/orplatna (accessed May 27, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
European Medicines Agency (EMA). Picoplatin for the treatment of small-cell lung cancer, 2014. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/orphan-designations/eu307502 (accessed Jun 10, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
European Medicines Agency (EMA). Teslascan (mangafodipir): withdrawal of the marketing authorisation in the European Union, 2012. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/public-statement/public-statement-teslascan-withdrawal-marketing-authorisation-european-union_en.pdf (accessed Apr 7, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Federle, M. P.; Chezmar, J. L.; Rubin, D. L.; Weinreb, J. C.; Freeny, P. C.; Semelka, R. C.; Brown, J. J.; Borello, J. A.; Lee, J. K.; Mattrey, R.; Dachman, A. H.; Saini, S.; Harmon, B.; Fenstermacher, M.; Pelsang, R. E.; Harms, S. E.; Mitchell, D. G.; Halford, H. H.; Anderson, M. W.; Johnson, C. D.; Francis, I. R.; Bova, J. G.; Kenney, P. J.; Klippenstein, D. L.; Foster, G. S.; Turner, D. A. Safety and efficacy of mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP) injection for hepatic MRI in adults: results of the U.S. multicenter phase III clinical trials (safety). J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2000, 12, 186–197. https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2586(200007)12:1%3C186::aid-jmri21%3E3.0.co2-2.10.1002/1522-2586(200007)12:1<186::AID-JMRI21>3.0.CO;2-2Search in Google Scholar
Ferreira, C. S.; Martins, P. S.; Demicheli, C.; Brochu, C.; Ouellete, M.; Frezard, F. Thiol-induced reduction of antimony(V) into antimony(III): a comparative study with trypanothione, cysteinyl-glycine, cysteine and glutathione. Biometals 2003, 16, 441–446. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022823605068.10.1023/A:1022823605068Search in Google Scholar
Florea, A. M.; Busselberg, D. Cisplatin as an anti-tumor drug: cellular mechanisms of activity, drug resistance and induced side effects. Cancers (Basel.) 2011, 03, 1351–1371. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers3011351.Search in Google Scholar
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. 211At-BC8-B10 before donor stem cell transplant in treating patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or mixed-phenotype acute leukemia, 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03128034 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. 211At-BC8-B10 followed by donor stem cell transplant in treating patients with relapsed or refractory high-risk acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03670966 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibody and combination chemotherapy before stem cell transplant in treating patients with high-risk lymphoid malignancies, 2013. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01921387 (accessed Oct 23, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Franz, K. J.; Metzler-Nolte, N. Introduction: metals in medicine. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 727–729. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00685.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Frezard, F.; Demicheli, C.; Ferreira, C. S.; Costa, M. A. Glutathione-induced conversion of pentavalent antimony to trivalent antimony in meglumine antimoniate. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2001, 45, 913–916. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.45.3.913-916.2001.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Fukai, T.; Ushio-Fukai, M. Superoxide dismutases: role in redox signaling, vascular function, and diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2011, 15, 1583–1606. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2011.3999.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Galera Therapeutics, Inc. ROMAN: A study to investigate the effects of GC4419 on radiation induced oral mucositis in patients with head/neck cancer, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03689712 (accessed Nov 05, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Geier, D. A.; Sykes, L. K.; Geier, M. R. A review of Thimerosal (Merthiolate) and its ethylmercury breakdown product: specific historical considerations regarding safety and effectiveness. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B Crit. Rev. 2007, 10, 575–596. https://doi.org/10.1080/10937400701389875.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Geisler, A.; Mork, A. The interaction if lithium with magnesium-dependent enzymes. In Lithium and Cell Physiology; Bach, R. O., Gallicchio, V. S., Eds. Springer: New York, 1990; pp. 125–136.10.1007/978-1-4612-3324-4_10Search in Google Scholar
Grillo-Lopez, A. J. Zevalin: the first radioimmunotherapy approved for the treatment of lymphoma. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 2002, 02, 485–493. https://doi.org/10.1586/14737140.2.5.485.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Guerbet. Efficacy and safety of gadopiclenol for central nervous system (CNS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (PICTURE), 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03996447 (accessed Nov 12, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Gustavsson, B.; Carlsson, G.; Machover, D.; Petrelli, N.; Roth, A.; Schmoll, H.; Tveit, K.; Gibson, F. A review of the evolution of systemic chemotherapy in the management of colorectal cancer. Clin. Colorectal Cancer 2015, 14, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcc.2014.11.002.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Haldar, A. K.; Sen, P.; Roy, S. Use of antimony in the treatment of leishmaniasis: current status and future directions. Mol. Biol. Int. 2011, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/571242.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Hambley, T. W. Chemistry: metal-based therapeutics. Science 2007, 318, 1392–1393. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1150504.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Harper, P. V.; Lathrop, K. A.; Jiminez, F.; Gottschalk, A. Technetium 99m as a scanning agent. Radiology 1965, 85. https://doi.org/10.1148/85.1.101.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Harwood, A. Lithium and bipolar mood disorder: the inositol-depletion hypothesis revisited. Mol. Psychiatry, 2005, 10, 117–126. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4001618.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Haute Autorite de Sante (French National Authority for Health). Transparency committee – Allochrysine, 2012. https://www.has-sante.fr/upload/docs/application/pdf/2015-03/allochrysine_en_ct8572.pdf. (accessed Jun 02, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Hedgepeth, C. M.; Conrad, L. J.; Zhang, J.; Huang, H.; Lee, V. M. Y.; Klein, P. S. Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway: a molecular mechanism for lithium action. Dev. Biol. 1997, 185, 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8552.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Hemschemeier, A.; Happe, T. The plasticity of redox cofactors: from metalloenzymes to redox-active DNA. Nat. Rev. Chem. 2018, 02, 231–243. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-018-0029-3.Search in Google Scholar
Hennrich, U.; Kopka, K. Lutathera®: the first FDA- and EMA-approved radiopharmaceutical for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Pharmaceuticals 2019, 12, 114–122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph12030114.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Heysek, R. V. Modern brachytherapy for treatment of prostate cancer. Cancer Control 2007, 14, 238–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/107327480701400306.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Hill, J. M.; Loeb, E.; MacLellan, A.; Hill, N. O.; King, J. J. Clinical studies of platinum coordination compounds in the treatment of various malignant diseases. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 1975, 59, 647–659.Search in Google Scholar
Hilton, J. B.; Mercer, S. W.; Lim, N. K. H.; Faux, N. G.; Buncic, G.; Beckman, J. S.; Roberts, B. R.; Donnelly, P. S.; White, A. R.; Crouch, P. J. CuII(atsm) improves the neurological phenotype and survival of SOD1G93A mice and selectively increases enzymatically active SOD1 in the spinal cord. Sci. Rep. 2017, 07. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42292.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Hottinger, D. G.; Beebe, D. S.; Kozhimannil, T.; Prielipp, R. C.; Belani, K. G. Sodium nitroprusside in 2014: a clinical concepts review. J. Anaesthesiol. Clin. Pharmacol. 2014, 30, 462–471. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-9185.142799.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Hoy, S. M. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate: a review in hyperkalaemia. Drugs 2018, 78, 1605–1613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-018-0991-6.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Huaizhi, Z.; Yuantao, N. China’s ancient gold drugs. Gold Bull. 2001, 34, 24–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03214805.Search in Google Scholar
IAEA Nuclear Energy Series. Non-HEU Production Technologies for Molybdenium-99 and Technetium-99m; International Atomic Energy Agency: Vienna, 2013.Search in Google Scholar
ImaginAb Inc. ⁸⁹Zr-Df-IAB22M2C (CD8 PET Tracer) for PET/CT in patients with metastatic solid tumors, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03802123 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Iniguez, E.; Sanchez, A.; Vasquez, M. A.; Martinez, A.; Olivas, J.; Sattler, A.; Sanchez-Delgado, R. A.; Maldonado, R. A. Metal–drug synergy: new ruthenium(II) complexes of ketoconazole are highly active against Leishmania major and Trypanosoma cruzi and nontoxic to human or murine normal cells. J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. 2013, 18, 779–790. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-013-1024-2.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Institut Cancerologie de l’Ouest. 64Cu-ATSM PET/CT in Rectum Cancer (TEP 64Cu-ATSM-Rectum), 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03951337 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la cura dei Tumori. Radiometabolic therapy (RMT) with 177Lu PSMA 617 in advanced castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) (LU-PSMA), 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03454750 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
James, S. J.; Slikker, W.III; Melnyk, S.; New, E.; Pogribna, M.; Jernigan, S. Thimerosal neurotoxicity is associated with glutathione depletion: protection with glutathione precursors. Neurotoxicology 2005, 26, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2004.07.012.Search in Google Scholar
Johnson, P. C.; Hughes, W. L.; Bird, R. M. The diagnosis of hemolysis by a simplified Cr51 determination. AMA Arch. Intern. Med. 1957, 100, 415–418. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1957.00260090071008.Search in Google Scholar
Josefsen, L. B.; Boyle, R. W. Photodynamic therapy and the development of metal-based photosensitisers. Met. Based Drugs 2008, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/276109.Search in Google Scholar
Kallini, J. R.; Gabr, A.; Salem, R.; Lewandowski, R. J. Transarterial radioembolization with yttrium-90 for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Adv. Ther. 2016, 33, 699–714. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-016-0324-7.Search in Google Scholar
Karlsson, J. G.; Adolfsson, K.; Thelin, B.; Jynge, P.; Andersson, R. G.; Falkmer, U. G. First clinical experience with the MRI contrast agent and SOD mimetic mangafodipir as an adjunct in cancer chemotherapy – a translational study. Transl. Oncol. 2012a, 05, 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1593/tlo.11277.Search in Google Scholar
Karlsson, J. G.; Kurz, T.; Flechsig, S.; Nasstrom, J.; Andersson, R. G. Superior therapeutic index of calmangafodipir in comparison to mangafodipir as a chemotherapy adjunct. Transl. Oncol. 2012b, 05, 492–502. https://doi.org/10.1593/tlo.12238.Search in Google Scholar
Karlsson, J. G.; Andersson, R. G.; Jynge, P. Mangafodipir a selective cytoprotectant — with special reference to oxaliplatin and its association to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Transl. Oncol. 2017, 10, 641–649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2017.04.012.Search in Google Scholar
Kassis, A. I. Therapeutic radionuclides: biophysical and radiobiologic principles. Semin. Nucl. Med. 2008, 38, 358–366. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2008.05.002.Search in Google Scholar
Kenny, R. G.; Marmion, C. J. Toward multi-targeted platinum and ruthenium drugs—a new paradigm in cancer drug treatment regimens? Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 1058–1137. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00271.Search in Google Scholar
Kerimova, A. A.; Atalay, M.; Yusifov, E. Y.; Kuprin, S. P.; Kerimov, T. M. Antioxidant enzymes; possible mechanism of gold compound treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Pathophysiology 2000, 07, 209–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0928-4680(00)00050-X.Search in Google Scholar
Khajornjiraphan, N.; Thu, N. A.; Chow, P. K. H. Yttrium-90 microspheres: a review of its emerging clinical indications. Liver Cancer 2015, 04, 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1159/000343876.Search in Google Scholar
Kim, J. H.; Reeder, E.; Parkin, S.; Awuah, S. G. Gold(I/III)-phosphine complexes as potent antiproliferative agents. Sci. Rep. 2019, 09. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48584-5.Search in Google Scholar
Klasen, H. J. A historical review of the use of silver in the treatment of burns. II. Renewed interest for silver. Burns 2000, 26, 131–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-4179(99)00116-3.Search in Google Scholar
Knut, L. Radiosynovectomy in the therapeutic management of arthritis. World J. Nucl. Med. 2015, 14, 10–15. https://doi.org/10.4103/1450-1147.150509.Search in Google Scholar
Komatsu, Y.; Sadakata, I.; Ogra, Y.; Suzuki, K. T. Excretion of copper complexed with thiomolybdate into the bile and blood in LEC rats. Chem. Biol. Interact. 2000, 124, 217–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00159-3.Search in Google Scholar
Kostelnik, T. I.; Orvig, C. Radioactive main group and rare earth metals for imaging and therapy. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 902–956. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00294.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Kruijff, R. M.; Wolterbeek, H. T.; Denkova, A. G. A critical review of alpha radionuclide therapy–how to deal with recoiling daughters? Pharmaceuticals (Basel.) 2015, 8, 321–336. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph8020321.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Kumar, M.; Kumar, G.; Kant, A.; Masram, D. T. Role of metallodrugs in medicinal inorganic chemistry. In Advances in Metallodrugs; Shahid-ul-Islam, Hashmi, A. A., Khan, S. A., Eds., 2020.10.1002/9781119640868.ch3Search in Google Scholar
Lansdown, A. B. G. Silver I: its antibacterial properties and mechanism of action. J. Wound Care 2002, 11, 125–130. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2002.11.4.26389.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Larsen, L. E.; Grant, D. General toxicology of MnDPDP. Acta Radiol 1997, 38, 770–779. https://doi.org/10.3109/02841859709172410.Search in Google Scholar
Lauffer, R. B. Paramagnetic metal complexes as water proton relaxation agents for NMR imaging: theory and design. Chem. Rev. 1987, 87, 901–927. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00081a003.Search in Google Scholar
Lepareur, N.; Lacoeuille, F.; Bouvry, C.; Hindre, F.; Garcion, E.; Cherel, M.; Noiret, N.; Garin, E.; Knapp, F. F. R.Jr. Rhenium-188 labeled radiopharmaceuticals: current clinical applications in oncology and promising perspectives. Front. Med. 2019, 06. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00132.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Li, H.; Meade, T. J. Molecular magnetic resonance imaging with Gd(III)-based contrast agents: challenges and key advances. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 17025–17041. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b09149.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Li, H.; Wang, R.; Sun, H. Systems approaches for unveiling the mechanism of action of bismuth drugs: new medicinal applications beyond Helicobacter pylori infection. Acc. Chem. Res. 2019, 51, 216–227. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00439.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Liu, S. Bifunctional coupling agents for radiolabeling of biomolecules and target-specific delivery of metallic radionuclides. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2008, 60, 1347–1370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2008.04.006.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Lobaplatin. Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=lobaplatin&age_v=&gndr=&type=&rslt=&phase=1&phase=2&Search=Apply (accessed Jun 10, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Loftsson, T. Drug solubilization by complexation. Int. J. Pharm. 2017, 531, 276–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.087.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Lohrke, J.; Frenzel, T.; Endrikat, J.; Alves, F. C.; Crist, T. M.; Law, M.; Lee, J. M.; Leiner, T.; Li, K.; Nikolaou, K.; Prince, M. R.; Schild, H. H.; Weinreb, J.; Yoshikawa, K.; Pietsch, H. 25 years of contrast-enhanced MRI: developments, current challenges and future perspectives. Adv. Ther. 2016, 33, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-015-0275-4.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Loken, M. K.; Wigdahl, L. O.; Gilson, J. M.; Staab, E. V. Mercury-197 and mercury-203 chlormerodrin for evaluation of brain lesions using a rectilinear scanner and scintillation camera. J. Nucl. Med. 1966, 07, 209–218.Search in Google Scholar
Laroia, S. Selective intra-arterial injection of PRRT in neuroendocrine tumor patients with liver metastases, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03724409 (accessed Oct 15, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
MacDonald, I. J.; Dougherty, T. J. Basic principles of photodynamic therapy. J. Porphyr. Phthalocyanines 2001, 05, 105–129. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpp.328.Search in Google Scholar
Makani, S.; Gollapudi, S.; Yel, L.; Chiplunkar, S.; Gupta, S. Biochemical and molecular basis of thimerosal-induced apoptosis in T cells: a major role of mitochondrial pathway. Genes Immun. 2002, 03, 270–278. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gene.6363854.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Manafi-Farid, R.; Masoumi, F.; Divband, G.; Saidi, B.; Ataeinia, B.; Hertel, F.; Schweighofer-Zwink, g.; Morgenroth, A.; Beheshti, M. Targeted palliative radionuclide therapy for metastatic bone pain. J. Clin. Med. 2018, 09, 2622–2646. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082622.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Mansfield, A. S.; Fields, A. P.; Jatoi, A.; Qi, Y.; Adjei, A. A.; Erlichman, C.; Molina, J. R. Phase I dose escalation study of the PKCι inhibitor aurothiomalate for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Anti Cancer Drugs 2013, 24, 1079–1083. https://doi.org/10.1097/CAD.0000000000000009.Search in Google Scholar
Mayo Clinic. Sirolimus and auranofin in treating patients with advanced or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer or small cell lung cancer, 2012. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01737502 (accessed Jun 05, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Mayo Clinic. Auranofin and sirolimus in treating participants with ovarian cancer, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03456700 (accessed Jun 05, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
McFarland, S. A. Metal-based thiophene photodynamic compounds and their use. U.S. Patent 9,345,769, May 24, 2016.Search in Google Scholar
Medici, S.; Peana, M.; Nurchi, V. M.; Lachowicz, J. I.; Crisponi, G.; Zoroddu, M. A. Noble metals in medicine: latest advances. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2015, 284, 329–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2014.08.002.Search in Google Scholar
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Chemotherapy and monoclonal antibody therapy in treating patients with advanced myeloid cancer, 2003. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00014495 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Miravant Medical Technologies. Form 10-K 2004, 2004. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/933745/000093374505000019/form10k_2004.htm (accessed May 20, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Miravant Pharmaceuticals. Double-masked study of Photrex (Rostaporfin) photodynamic therapy in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration, 2005. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00157976 (accessed May 20, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Mjos, K. D.; Orvig, C. Metallodrugs in medicinal inorganic chemistry. Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 4540–4563. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr400460s.Search in Google Scholar
Nardon, C.; Pettenuzzo, N.; Fregona, D. Gold complexes for therapeutic purposes: an updated patent review. Curr. Med. Chem. 2016, 23, 3374–3403. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160504103843.Search in Google Scholar
National Cancer Institute. Photodynamic therapy using lutetium texaphyrin in treating patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 2003a. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00005808 (accessed May 20, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
National Cancer Institute. Photodynamic therapy with lutetium texaphyrin in treating patients with locally recurrent prostate cancer, 2003b. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00005067 (accessed May 20, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
National Cancer Institute. The “accidental” cure–platinum-based treatment for cancer: the discovery of cisplatin, 2020. https://www.cancer.gov/research/progress/discovery/cisplatin (accessed May 26, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
National Cancer Institute. Yttrium-90-labeled daclizumab with chemotherapy and stem cell transplant for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, 2011. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01468311 (accessed Oct 23, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
National Center for Research Resources. Study of tetrethiomolybdate in patients with Wilson disease, 1999. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00004339 (accessed Sep 29, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
National Institute of Health. Efficacy and safety of gadopiclenol for body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03986138 (accessed Apr 20, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Nedaplatin. Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=nedaplatin&Search=Apply&recrs=a&recrs=d&recrs=e&age_v=&gndr=&type=&rslt=&phase=1&phase=2 (accessed Jun 10, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
NIOPIK State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Photosens, 2020. http://www.pdt.niopik.ru/drugs/photosens/ (accessed Apr 28, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Obata, A.; Yoshimi, E.; Waki, A.; Lewis, J. S.; Oyama, N.; Welch, M. J.; Saji, H.; Yonekura, Y.; Fujibayashi, Y. Retention mechanism of hypoxia selective nuclear imaging/radiotherapeutic agent Cu-diacetyl-bis(N 4-methylthiosemicarbazone) (Cu-ATSM) in tumor cells. Ann. Nucl. Med. 2001, 15, 499–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02988502.Search in Google Scholar
Ogra, Y.; Suzuki, K. T. Removal and efflux of copper from Cu-metallothionein as Cu/tetrathiomolybdate complex in LEC rats. Res. Commun. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol. 1995, 88, 196–204.Search in Google Scholar
OncoBeta. Rhenium-SCT, 2020. https://www.oncobeta.com/rhenium-sct/ (accessed Nov 17, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Ortonne, J. Psoralen therapy in vitiligo. Clin. Dermatol. 1989, 07, 120–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/0738-081X(89)90062-X.Search in Google Scholar
Pan, D.; Schmieder, A.; Wickine, S. A.; Lanza, G. M. Manganese-based MRI contrast agents: past, present and future. Tetrahedron 2011, 67, 8431–8444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2011.07.076.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Pasquali, L.; Busceti, C. L.; Fulceri, F.; Paparelli, A.; Fornai, F. Intracellular pathways underlying the effects of lithium. Behav. Pharmacol. 2010, 21, 473–492. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e32833da5da.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
PledPharma. PledOx®, 2020. https://www.pledpharma.com/pipeline/pledox/ (accessed Apr 7, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Picoplatin. Clinical trials, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=picoplatin&cntry=&state=&city=&dist= (accessed Jun 10, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Prolong Pharmaceuticals. A study of SANGUINATE for the treatment of vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) in adult sickle cell disease patients, 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02672540 (accessed Nov 05, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Prolong Pharmaceuticals. Sanguinate®, 2020. https://prolongpharma.com/sanguinate/(accessed July 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Prolong Pharmaceuticals. SANGUINATE™ in sickle cell disease associated leg ulcer (LU), 2015. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02600390 (accessed Nov 5, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
RDO Pharm. A study of 99mTc-3PRGD2 injection in lung cancer patient, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04233476 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Radboud University. Phase II study of lutetium-177 labeled girentuximab in patients with advanced renal cancer, 2013. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02002312 (accessed Oct 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Ramalho, J.; Semelka, R. C.; Ramalho, M.; Nunes, R. H.; AlObaidy, M.; Castillo, M. Gadolinium-based contrast agent accumulation and toxicity: an update. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2016, 37, 1192–1198. https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4615.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Reinders, M. T. M.; Smits, M. L. J.; Roekel, C/V.; Braat, A. J. A. T. Holmium-166 microsphere radioembolization of hepatic malignancies. Semin. Nucl. Med. 2019, 49, 237–243. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2019.01.008.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Ren, X.; Zou, L.; Lu, J.; Holmgren, A. Selenocysteine in mammalian thioredoxin reductase and application of ebselen as a therapeutic. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2018, 127, 238–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.081.Search in Google Scholar
Renfrew, A. K. Transition metal complexes with bioactive ligands: mechanisms for selective ligand release and applications for drug delivery. Metallomics 2014, 06, 1324–1335. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4MT00069B.Search in Google Scholar
Richards, P.; Tucker, W. D.; Srivastava, S. C. Technetium-99m: an historical perspective. Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 1982, 33, 792–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-708x(82)90120-x.Search in Google Scholar
Rigobello, M. P.; Messori, L.; Marcon, G.; Cinellu, M. A.; Bragadin, M.; Folda, A.; Scutari, G.; Bindoli, A. Gold complexes inhibit mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase: consequences on mitochondrial functions. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2004, 98, 1634–1641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.04.020.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Rindone, J. P.; Sloane, E. P. Cyanide toxicity from sodium nitroprusside: risks and management. Ann. Pharmacother. 1992, 26, 515–519. https://doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600413.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Roatt, B. M.; Cardoso, J. M. O.; Brito, R. C. F.; Coura-Vital, W.; Aguiar-Soares, R. D. O.; Reis, A. B. Recent advances and new strategies on leishmaniasis treatment. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2020, 104, 8965–8977. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10846-y.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Robert, P.; Vives, V.; Grindel, A.; Kremer, S.; Bierry, G.; Louin, G.; Ballet, S.; Corot, C. Contrast-to-dose relationship of gadopiclenol, an MRI macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent, compared with gadoterate, gadobenate, and gadobutrol in a rat brain tumor model. Radiology 2016, 294, 117–126. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2019182953.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Robic, C.; Port, M.; Rousseaux, O.; Louguet, S.; Fretellier, N.; Catoen, S.; Factor, C.; Greneur, S. L.; Medina, C.; Bourrinet, P.; Raynal, I.; Idee, J.; Corot, C. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles of gadopiclenol: a new macrocyclic gadolinium chelate with high T1 relaxivity. Invest. Radiol. 2019, 54, 475–484. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000000563.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Rosenberg, B.; Vancampl, L.; Trosko, J. E.; Mansour, V. H. Platinum compounds: a new class of potent antitumor agents. Nature 1969, 222, 385–386. https://doi.org/10.1038/222385a0.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Rosenthall, L. The role of strontium 85 in the detection of bone disease. Radiology 1965, 84. https://doi.org/10.1148/84.1.75.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Rottenberg, S.; Disler, C.; Perego, P. The rediscovery of platinum-based cancer therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2020. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-020-00308-y.Search in Google Scholar
Rybakowski, J.; Suwalska, A.; Hajek, T. Clinical perspectives of lithium’s neuroprotective effect. Pharmacopsychiatry 2018, 51, 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-124436.Search in Google Scholar
Saleem, A.; Qasim, A.; O’Connor, H. J.; O’Morain, C. A. Pylera® for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther. 2009, 07, 793–799. https://doi.org/10.1586/eri.09.55.Search in Google Scholar
Sanofi. Myocrisin (sodium aurothiomalate) injection: permanent discontinuation – end of supply in 2019, 2019. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5d2dbde940f0b64a81926b3e/Myocrisin-DHPC-upload.pdf (accessed Jun 02, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Sanofi. Study to investigate the clinical and parasiticidal activity and pharmacokinetics of different doses of artefenomel and ferroquine in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03660839 (accessed May 22, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Schering-Plough Corporation. Consent decree of permanent injunction, 2002. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/310158/000031015802000004/pm7conformedconsent.htm (accessed Jun 02, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, A randomised trial of cabazitaxel, docetaxel, mitoxantrone or satraplatin (CDMS) plus surgery for prostate cancer patients without metastasis, 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03258320 (accessed Jun 10, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Shinde, C. G.; Venkatesh, M. P.; Kumar, T. M. P.; Shivakumar, H. G. Methotrexate: a gold standard for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J. Pain Palliat. Care Pharmacother. 2014, 28, 351–358. https://doi.org/10.3109/15360288.2014.959238.Search in Google Scholar
Siber, F. J. The use of colloidal gold 198 in the diagnosis of hepatic tumors. Surg. Clin. North Am. 1967, 47, 579–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6109(16)38232-9.Search in Google Scholar
Souza, G. F.; Wlodarczyk, S. R.; Monteiro, G. Carboplatin: molecular mechanisms of action associated with chemoresistance. Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. 2014, 50, 693–701. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502014000400004.Search in Google Scholar
Spencer, K.; Parrish, R.; Barton, R.; Henry, A. Palliative radiotherapy. BMJ 2018, 360. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k821.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Sridhara, R.; Johnson, J. R.; Justice, R.; Keegan, P.; Chakravarty, A.; Pazdur, R. Review of oncology and hematology drug product approvals at the US Food and Drug Administration between July 2005 and December 2007. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2010, 102, 230–243. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp515.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Sternberg, C. N.; Petrylak, D.; Witjes, F.; Ferrero, J.; Eymard, J.; Falcon, S.; Chatta, K.; Vaighn, D.; Berry, W.; Sartor, O. Satraplatin (S) demonstrates significant clinical benefits for the treatment of patients with HRPC: results of a randomized phase III trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 2007, 25. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5019.Search in Google Scholar
Stravos, F.; Yang, A.; Leon, A.; Nuttall, M.; Rasmussen, H. S. Characterization of structure and function of ZS-9, a K+ selective ion trap. PLoS One 2014, 09. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114686.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Telix International Pty Ltd. 89Zr-TLX250 for PET/CT imaging of ccRCC- ZIRCON study (89ZR-TLX250), 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03849118 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Thangamani, S.; Mohammad, H.; Abushahba, M. F. N.; Sobreira, T. J. P.; Hedrick, V. E.; Paul, L. N.; Seleem, M. N. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of auranofin against multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens. Sci. Rep. 2016, 06. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22571.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Theralase Inc. Intravesical photodynamic therapy (PDT) in BCG refractory/intolerant non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03945162 (accessed Nov 11, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Thompson, K. H. Medicinal inorganic chemistry: an introduction. In Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry; Scott, R. A., Ed., 2011.10.1002/9781119951438.eibc0362Search in Google Scholar
Toft, K. G.; Hustvedt, S. O.; Martinsen, I.; Gordon, P. B.; Friisk, G. A.; Korsmo, A. J.; Skotland, T. Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of MnDPDP in man. Acta Radiol. 1997, 38, 677–689. https://doi.org/10.1080/02841859709172400.Search in Google Scholar
University of California. Gallium-68 prostate specific membrane antigen PET in diagnosing patients with thyroid cancer, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03463889 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
University of Kansas Medical Center. Phase I and II study of auranofin in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 2011. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01419691 (accessed Jun 05, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
University of Michigan. Gallium-68 PSMA-11 PET in patients with biochemical recurrence, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03396874 (accessed Nov 03, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
University of Warmia and Mazury. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in the treatment of advanced, non-resectable and/or symptomatic tumors with SSTR overexpression (POLNETS_PRRT), 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04029428 (accessed Oct 23, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA approved drug products: Teslascan, 2020a. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=020652 (accessed Apr 7, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), 2020b. https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/medical-imaging/mri-magnetic-resonance-imaging (accessed Apr 13, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Venkatesh, V.; Sadler, P. J. Platinum(IV) prodrugs. In Metallo-Drugs: Development and Action of Anticancer Agents; Sigel, A., Sigel, H., Freisinger, E., Sigel, R. K. O., Eds. De Gruyter: Wustermark, 2018; pp. 69–108.10.1515/9783110470734-003Search in Google Scholar
VU University Medical Center. Rhenium-188-HEDP vs. Radium-223-chloride in patients with advanced prostate cancer refractory to hormonal therapy (RaRe), 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03458559 (accessed Oct 23, 2020).Search in Google Scholar
Wang, Y. X. J.; Idee, J. A comprehensive literatures update of clinical researches of superparamagnetic resonance iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging. Quant. Imaging Med. Surg. 2017, 07, 88–122. https://doi.org/10.21037/qims.2017.02.09.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Washner, J.; Gale, E. M.; Rodriguez, A. R.; Caravan, P. Chemistry of MRI contrast agents: current challenges and new frontiers. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 957–1057. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00363.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Wheate, N. J.; Walker, S.; Craig, G. E.; Oun, R. The status of platinum anticancer drugs in the clinic and in clinical trials. Dalton Trans. 2010, 39, 8113–8127. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0DT00292E.Search in Google Scholar
Wood, R. J.; Ronnenberg, A. Iron. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease; Shils, M. E., Shike, M., Ross, A. C., Caballero, B., Cousins, R. J., Eds. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore, 10th ed., 2005; pp. 248–270.Search in Google Scholar
Wu, X.; Liang, H.; O’Hara, K. A.; Yalowich, J. C.; Hasinoff, B. B. Thiol-modulated mechanisms of the cytotoxicity of thimerosal and inhibition of DNA topoisomerase Iiα. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2008, 21, 483–493. https://doi.org/10.1021/tx700341n.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Yeo, C. I.; Ooi, K. K.; Tiekink, E. R. T. Gold-based medicine: a paradigm shift in anti-cancer therapy?. Molecules 2018, 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23061410.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Zhang, P.; Sadler, P. J. Redox-active metal complexes for anticancer therapy. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2017, 2017, 1541–1548. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201600908.Search in Google Scholar
Zhang, X.; Selvaraju, K.; Saei, A. A.; D’Arcy, P.; Zubarev, R. A.; Arner, E. S. J.; Linder, S. Repurposing of auranofin: thioredoxin reductase remains a primary target of the drug. Biochimie 2019, 161, 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2019.03.015.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Bicyclic and tricyclic phosphanes with p-block substituents
- Ligand isomerism in Pt(II) complexes – structural aspects
- Medicinal inorganic chemistry: an updated review on the status of metallodrugs and prominent metallodrug candidates
- Supercapacitor electrode materials: addressing challenges in mechanism and charge storage
- Techniques in the synthesis of organometallic compounds of Hafnium
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Bicyclic and tricyclic phosphanes with p-block substituents
- Ligand isomerism in Pt(II) complexes – structural aspects
- Medicinal inorganic chemistry: an updated review on the status of metallodrugs and prominent metallodrug candidates
- Supercapacitor electrode materials: addressing challenges in mechanism and charge storage
- Techniques in the synthesis of organometallic compounds of Hafnium