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A review of the potential adverse health impacts of atrazine in humans

  • Sina Arabi , Motahar Heidari-Beni , Parinaz Poursafa , Minaalsadat Roshanaei and Roya Kelishadi EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: September 17, 2024
Reviews on Environmental Health
From the journal Reviews on Environmental Health Volume 40 Issue 2

Abstract

Atrazine is a widely used chlorinated triazine herbicide in agricultural settings, which has raised concerns over its potential adverse effects on human health. The extensive application of atrazine has resulted in its pervasive presence in the environment, contaminating soil, groundwater, and surface water. While earlier research suggested that atrazine is unlikely to pose a health concern, recent evidence has indicated the necessity to reassess this point of view. This review aims to assess the recent evidence on atrazine’s adverse effects on human health, focusing on (i) Cancer, (ii) Metabolic Diseases, (iii) Reproductive System, (iv) Neural System, and (v) Epigenetic Effects. Strategies to mitigate atrazine contamination and limitations of previous studies are also discussed. We strongly believe that further investigation is necessary to determine the potential detrimental consequences of atrazine in humans, particularly in developing countries, where herbicides are widely used without stringent safety regulations. Therefore, the current review will be beneficial for guiding future research and regulatory measures concerning the use of atrazine.

Keywords: atrazine; triazines; herbicides; agrochemicals; human health; environmental exposure
Corresponding author: Roya Kelishadi, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, E-mail:

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: Roya Kelishadi, Motahar Heidari-Beni, and Sina Arabi conceived of the presented idea. Data collection was performed by Sina Arabi and Parinaz Poursafa. Minaalsadat Roshanaei illustrated the visual abstracts (figures). The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sina Arabi in consultation with Roya Kelishadi and Motahar Heidari-Beni. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.

  4. Competing interests: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

  5. Research funding: The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

  6. Data availability: Not applicable.

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Received: 2024-06-15
Accepted: 2024-08-22
Published Online: 2024-09-17
Published in Print: 2025-06-26

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  9. A structured review of the associations between breast cancer and exposures to selected organic solvents
  10. A review of the potential adverse health impacts of atrazine in humans
  11. Comprehensive approach to clinical decision-making strategy, illustrated by the Gulf War
  12. A systematic review and quality assessment of estimated daily intake of microplastics through food
  13. Adapting to heat-health vulnerability in temperate climates: current adaptation and mitigation responses and future predictions in Aotearoa New Zealand
  14. Evaluation of the impact of environmental pollutants on the sex ratio: a systematic review
  15. A critical review on the toxicological and epidemiological evidence integration for assessing human health risks to environmental chemical exposures
  16. The association between screen exposure and autism spectrum disorder in children: meta-analysis
  17. The association between maternal perfluoroalkylated substances exposure and neonatal birth weight: a system review and meta-analysis
  18. School built environment and children’s health: a scientometric analysis
  19. Letter to the Editors
  20. Underground power lines as a confounding factor in observational studies concerning magnetic fields and childhood leukemia
  21. A critical appraisal of the WHO 2024 systematic review of the effects of RF-EMF exposure on tinnitus, migraine/headache, and non-specific symptoms
https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2024-0094
Keywords for this article
atrazine; triazines; herbicides; agrochemicals; human health; environmental exposure

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Analytical methods, source, concentration, and human risks of microplastics: a review
  4. Solid fuel use and low birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  5. The human health effects of unconventional oil and gas (UOG) chemical exposures: a scoping review of the toxicological literature
  6. WHO to build neglect of RF-EMF exposure hazards on flawed EHC reviews? Case study demonstrates how “no hazards” conclusion is drawn from data showing hazards
  7. The role of environmental pollution in the development of pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis: a narrative review
  8. Semi-IPN polysaccharide-based hydrogels for effective removal of heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater: a comprehensive investigation of performance and adsorption mechanism
  9. A structured review of the associations between breast cancer and exposures to selected organic solvents
  10. A review of the potential adverse health impacts of atrazine in humans
  11. Comprehensive approach to clinical decision-making strategy, illustrated by the Gulf War
  12. A systematic review and quality assessment of estimated daily intake of microplastics through food
  13. Adapting to heat-health vulnerability in temperate climates: current adaptation and mitigation responses and future predictions in Aotearoa New Zealand
  14. Evaluation of the impact of environmental pollutants on the sex ratio: a systematic review
  15. A critical review on the toxicological and epidemiological evidence integration for assessing human health risks to environmental chemical exposures
  16. The association between screen exposure and autism spectrum disorder in children: meta-analysis
  17. The association between maternal perfluoroalkylated substances exposure and neonatal birth weight: a system review and meta-analysis
  18. School built environment and children’s health: a scientometric analysis
  19. Letter to the Editors
  20. Underground power lines as a confounding factor in observational studies concerning magnetic fields and childhood leukemia
  21. A critical appraisal of the WHO 2024 systematic review of the effects of RF-EMF exposure on tinnitus, migraine/headache, and non-specific symptoms
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