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Mitochondria and traffic-related air pollution linked coronary artery calcification: exploring the missing link

  • Bhavana Sivakumar ORCID logo and Gino A. Kurian ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: January 19, 2021
Reviews on Environmental Health
From the journal Reviews on Environmental Health Volume 36 Issue 4

Abstract

The continuing increase in the exposure to Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) in the general population is predicted to result in a higher incidence of non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease. The chronic exposure of air particulate matter from TRAP upon the vascular system leads to the enhancement of deposition of calcium in the vasculature leading to coronary artery calcification (CAC), triggered by inflammatory reactions and endothelial dysfunction. This calcification forms within the intimal and medial layers of vasculature and the underlying mechanism that connects the trigger from TRAP is not well explored. Several local and systemic factors participate in this active process including inflammatory response, hyperlipidemia, presence of self-programmed death bodies and high calcium-phosphate concentrations. These factors along with the loss of molecules that inhibit calcification and circulating nucleation complexes influence the development of calcification in the vasculature. The loss of defense to prevent osteogenic transition linked to micro organelle dysfunction that includes deteriorated mitochondria, elevated mitochondrial oxidative stress, and defective mitophagy. In this review, we examine the contributory role of mitochondria involved in the mechanism of TRAP linked CAC development. Further we examine whether TRAP is an inducer or trigger for the enhanced progression of CAC.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; coronary artery calcification; mitochondria; traffic-related air pollution
Corresponding author: Gino A. Kurian, Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India, Phone: +919047965425, Fax: +91 4362 264120, E-mail:

  1. Research funding: Nil.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have seen and approved the manuscript and have contributed significantly to the paper. Dr. Gino A. Kurian had framed the concept and edited the manuscript, Bhavana Sivakumar had written the manuscript and made the required corrections.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflicts of interest to disclose.

  4. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  5. Ethical approval: Not applicable.

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Received: 2020-09-17
Accepted: 2021-01-04
Published Online: 2021-01-19
Published in Print: 2021-12-20

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Short Communication
  3. Greater than the sum of its parts: focusing SRP research through a systems approach lens
  4. Review Articles
  5. Association of bisphenol A with puberty timing: a meta-analysis
  6. Pesticide applicators and cancer: a systematic review
  7. Current knowledge on urease and nitrification inhibitors technology and their safety
  8. Environment as the risk factor for tuberculosis in Malaysia: a systematic review of the literature
  9. Effects of ambient air pollution on psychological stress and anxiety disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence
  10. The possible role of arsenic and gene-arsenic interactions in susceptibility to breast cancer: a systematic review
  11. Ambient air pollution and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
  12. Mitochondria and traffic-related air pollution linked coronary artery calcification: exploring the missing link
  13. Air pollutants and impairments of male reproductive health-an overview
  14. Exposure to cadmium and head and neck cancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies
  15. Lost opportunities for cancer prevention: historical evidence on early warnings with emphasis on radiofrequency radiation
  16. Health protection messaging for populations susceptible to air pollution during landscape fire smoke events: an integrative review
https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2020-0127
Keywords for this article
cardiovascular disease; coronary artery calcification; mitochondria; traffic-related air pollution

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Short Communication
  3. Greater than the sum of its parts: focusing SRP research through a systems approach lens
  4. Review Articles
  5. Association of bisphenol A with puberty timing: a meta-analysis
  6. Pesticide applicators and cancer: a systematic review
  7. Current knowledge on urease and nitrification inhibitors technology and their safety
  8. Environment as the risk factor for tuberculosis in Malaysia: a systematic review of the literature
  9. Effects of ambient air pollution on psychological stress and anxiety disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence
  10. The possible role of arsenic and gene-arsenic interactions in susceptibility to breast cancer: a systematic review
  11. Ambient air pollution and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
  12. Mitochondria and traffic-related air pollution linked coronary artery calcification: exploring the missing link
  13. Air pollutants and impairments of male reproductive health-an overview
  14. Exposure to cadmium and head and neck cancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies
  15. Lost opportunities for cancer prevention: historical evidence on early warnings with emphasis on radiofrequency radiation
  16. Health protection messaging for populations susceptible to air pollution during landscape fire smoke events: an integrative review
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