Creep and dynamic mechanical behavior of cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol reinforced with cotton fiber laminate composites
-
Naman Jain
,
Shubhan Ali
Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to fabricate cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based laminate composites reinforced with biaxial cotton sheets. Cross-linking was done with sulfuric acid, to overcome the water solubility of PVA. A water uptake test was performed to evaluate the effect of cross-linking on the water absorption properties of the composites. Morphology, distribution and bonding between the matrix and reinforcement of the fabricated composites were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical properties such as the tensile strength (TS), modulus of elasticity and elongation of the fabricated composites material were evaluated. There was about a 56.25% increase in the TS of the cross-linked composite as compared to the neat PVA, and at 64 wt.% of cotton fiber, there was about a 56% increase in the TS as compared to the cross-linked PVA. The thermal degradation analysis of fabricated composites material was carried out by thermogravimetric analysis. The thermal stability increased with increase in cotton fiber wt.%. The viscoelastic properties of the fabricated composites material were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. The effects of stress (4 MPa, 6 MPa and 8 MPa) and temperature (20°C and 40°C) on creep and recovery behavior of the laminated composites were studied.
References
[1] Tsuda M. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 1963, 72, 174–182.10.1002/macp.1964.020720114Search in Google Scholar
[2] Tesoro GP. J. Polym. Sci., Part C: Polym. Lett. 1986, 24, 485–486.10.1002/pol.1986.140240911Search in Google Scholar
[3] Jain N, Singh VK, Chauhan S. J. Mech. Behav. Mater. 2017, 26, 205–211.10.1515/jmbm-2017-0026Search in Google Scholar
[4] Deepmala KM, Jain N, Singh VK, Chauhan S. J. Mech. Behav. Mater. 2018, 27, 1–8.10.1515/jmbm-2018-0007Search in Google Scholar
[5] Chhavi X, Deepmala KM, Singh VK, Chauhan S, Jain N. Res. Rev.: J. Mater. Sci. 2017, 5, 66–77.Search in Google Scholar
[6] Limpan N, Prodpran T, Benjakul S, Prasarpran S. J. Food Eng. 2010, 100, 85–92.10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.03.031Search in Google Scholar
[7] Qiu K, Netravali AN. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2012, 72, 1588–1594.10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.06.010Search in Google Scholar
[8] Abdulkhani A, Hojati Marvast E, Ashori A. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2013, 62, 379–386.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.050Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[9] Yoshida M, Asano M, Kumakura M. Colloid Polym. Sci. 1990, 268, 726–730.10.1007/BF01411103Search in Google Scholar
[10] Hirai T, Nemoto H, Hirai M, Hayashi S. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1994, 53, 79–84.10.1002/app.1994.070530109Search in Google Scholar
[11] Patil DS, Shaikh JS, Dalavi DS. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2011, 128, 449–455.10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.03.029Search in Google Scholar
[12] Pereira VA, de Arruda INQ, Stefani R. Food Hydrocoll. 2015, 43, 180–188.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.05.014Search in Google Scholar
[13] Thong CC, Teo DCL, Ng CK. Constr. Build Mater. 2016, 107, 172–180.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.188Search in Google Scholar
[14] Jahan F, Mathad RD, Farheen S. Mater. Today: Proc. 2016, 3, 3689–3696.10.1016/j.matpr.2016.11.014Search in Google Scholar
[15] Zhang W, Yang X, Li C. Carbohydr. Polym. 2011, 83, 257–263.10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.07.062Search in Google Scholar
[16] Tokiwa Y, Calabia BP, Ugwu CU, Aiba S. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2009, 10, 3722–3742.10.3390/ijms10093722Search in Google Scholar
[17] Srinivasa PC, Ramesh MN, Kumar KR, Tharanathan RN. Carbohydr. Polym. 2003, 53, 431–438.10.1016/S0144-8617(03)00105-XSearch in Google Scholar
[18] Sudhamani SR, Prasad MS, Udaya Sankar K. Food Hydrocoll. 2003, 17, 245–250.10.1016/S0268-005X(02)00057-7Search in Google Scholar
[19] Tian H, Yan J, Rajulu AV. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2017, 96, 518–523.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.067Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[20] Kanatt SR, Rao MS, Chawla SP, Sharma A. Food Hydrocoll. 2012, 29, 290–297.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.03.005Search in Google Scholar
[21] Guo G, Zhang C, Du Z. J. Polym. Environ. 2014, 23, 183–189.10.1007/s10924-014-0682-7Search in Google Scholar
[22] Jain N, Singh KV, Chauhan S. J. Polym. Eng. 2018, 39, 35–47.10.1515/polyeng-2018-0032Search in Google Scholar
[23] Guzman-Puyol S, Ceseracciu L, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Chem. Eng. J. 1994, 277, 242–251.10.1016/j.cej.2015.04.092Search in Google Scholar
[24] Chaabouni O, Boufi S. Carbohydr. Polym. 2017, 156, 64–70.10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.09.016Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[25] Ibrahim MM, El-Zawawy WK, Nassar MA. Carbohydr. Polym. 2010, 79, 694–699.10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.09.030Search in Google Scholar
[26] Kashyap S, Pratihar SK, Behera SK. J. Alloys Compd. 2016, 684, 254–260.10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.162Search in Google Scholar
[27] Kuljanin J, Comor MI, Djokovic V, Nedeljkovic JM. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2006, 95, 67–71.10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.05.050Search in Google Scholar
[28] Li HZ, Chen SC, Wang YZ. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2015, 115, 60–65.10.1016/j.compscitech.2015.05.004Search in Google Scholar
[29] Lu J, Wang T, Drzal LT. Composites, Part A 2008, 39, 738–746.10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.02.003Search in Google Scholar
[30] Koysuren O. J. Polym. Eng. 2012, 32, 407–413.10.1515/polyeng-2012-0068Search in Google Scholar
[31] Nawaz K, Ayub M, Ulhaq N, Khan MB, Niazi MBK, Hussain A. J. Polym. Eng. 2015, 36, 399–406.Search in Google Scholar
[32] Ol’khov AA, Lordanskii AL, Danko TP. J. Polym. Eng. 2015, 35, 756–772.Search in Google Scholar
[33] Hrabalikova M, Mechan M, Ganbold S, Sedlarik V, Valasek P, Saha P. J. Polym. Eng. 2015, 35, 319–327.10.1515/polyeng-2014-0125Search in Google Scholar
[34] Basargan T, Eedol-Aydin N, Nasun-Saygili G. J. Polym. Eng. 2016, 36, 795–804.10.1515/polyeng-2015-0221Search in Google Scholar
[35] Song M, Yu H, Gu J, Ye S, Zhou Y. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. doi 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.117.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.117Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[36] Tsuchiya Y, Sumi K. J. Polym. Sci., Part A-1: Polym. Chem. 1969, 7, 3151–3158.10.1002/pol.1969.150071111Search in Google Scholar
[37] Menard KP. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis: Washington, DC, 1999.Search in Google Scholar
[38] Durante M, Formisano A, Boccarusso L. Composites, Part B 2017, 124, 16–22.10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.05.038Search in Google Scholar
[39] Militký J, Jabbar A. Composites, Part B 2015, 80, 361–368.10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.06.014Search in Google Scholar
[40] Wang Y, Li X, Sun G. J. Food Eng. 2014, 126, 27–34.10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.10.032Search in Google Scholar
©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Material properties
- Chemical and biological effects of low pressure N2-O2 plasma setup on polymeric materials
- Effect of aging conditions on the mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity of elastomer nanocomposites
- Creep and dynamic mechanical behavior of cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol reinforced with cotton fiber laminate composites
- Preparation and assembly
- Foam rubber from centrifuged and creamed latex
- Preparation and properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and eggshell dual-modified polycaprolactone composite scaffold
- Effectiveness of a coagulation step and polyester support on blend polyvinylchloride membrane formation and performance
- Novel proton exchange membranes based on PVC for microbial fuel cells (MFCs)
- Preparation of graphene-based compounds with improved dispersion by a two-stage production process
- Engineering and processing
- Implementation of partial slip boundary conditions in an open-source finite-volume-based computational library
- Ultrasonic measurement of clamping force for injection molding machine
- Experimental and simulation studies on the mold replicability in the thermoforming process
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Material properties
- Chemical and biological effects of low pressure N2-O2 plasma setup on polymeric materials
- Effect of aging conditions on the mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity of elastomer nanocomposites
- Creep and dynamic mechanical behavior of cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol reinforced with cotton fiber laminate composites
- Preparation and assembly
- Foam rubber from centrifuged and creamed latex
- Preparation and properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and eggshell dual-modified polycaprolactone composite scaffold
- Effectiveness of a coagulation step and polyester support on blend polyvinylchloride membrane formation and performance
- Novel proton exchange membranes based on PVC for microbial fuel cells (MFCs)
- Preparation of graphene-based compounds with improved dispersion by a two-stage production process
- Engineering and processing
- Implementation of partial slip boundary conditions in an open-source finite-volume-based computational library
- Ultrasonic measurement of clamping force for injection molding machine
- Experimental and simulation studies on the mold replicability in the thermoforming process
