Preparation and characterization of modified chitosan for in vitro controlled release of vitamin B12
-
Ahmed Awadallah-F
and
Tahia B. Mostafa
Abstract
Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile and acryloyl chloride on to chitosan was prepared by γ-rays. Optimization of the grafting (%) was studied. The grafting (%) was observed to increase with increase in the irradiation dose and monomer concentration. The grafting percentages were about 52% and 36% from polyacrylonitrile and poly(acryloyl chloride), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the specimens. The modified chitosan was loaded with vitamin B12, demonstrated nearly 5.0±2.3% and 50.1±4.5% release in the media of pH 1.2 and 6.8, respectively, for amidoximated chitosan-grafted polyacrylonitrile and 3.6±1.1% and 36±2.4% in pH 1.2 and 6.8, respectively, for chitosan-grafted poly(acryloyl chloride), as determined by a traditional dissolution model. The modified chitosan specimens that uploaded with vitamin B12 displayed a more decremental release in the acidic medium than the neutral one. However, in order to incorporate in vivo gastrointestinal conditions, such as acidic pH and high water content in the stomach, low water content, and the presence of semi-solid mass in the large intestine, a new model, called flow through diffusion cell, was also used to study the drug release. The results of the two approaches produced different release profiles at the same pH values.
The authors wish to express thanks to Dr. Abo El-Khair B. Mostafa, Professor of polymer chemistry in the College for Women, Ain Shams University, for enriching the discussion of the results and to Dr. Khaled Zakaria, lecturer of biochemistry in the Egyptian atomic energy authority for technical assistance.
References
[1] El Kadib A, Bousmina M. Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 8264–8277.Search in Google Scholar
[2] El Kadib A, Molvinger K, Cacciaguerra T, Bousmina M, Brunel D. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 2011, 142, 301–307.Search in Google Scholar
[3] El Kadib A, Molvinger K, Bousmina M, Brune D. Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 948–951.Search in Google Scholar
[4] Ignatova M, Manolova N, Rashkov I. Eur. Polym. J. 2007, 43, 1112–1122.Search in Google Scholar
[5] El Kadib A, Molvinger K, Bousmina M, Brunel D. J. Catal. 2010, 273, 147–155.Search in Google Scholar
[6] Santos MA, Grazina R, Pinto M, Farkas E. Inorganica Chem. Acta 2001, 321, 42–48.10.1016/S0020-1693(01)00505-9Search in Google Scholar
[7] Hu SG, Jou CH, Yang MC. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2002, 86, 2977–2983.Search in Google Scholar
[8] Liu L, Li Y, Liu H, Fang Y. Eur. Polym. J. 2004, 40, 2739–2744.Search in Google Scholar
[9] Jayakumara R, Prabaharana M, Reisa RL, Mano JF. Carbohydr. Polym. 2005, 62, 142–158.Search in Google Scholar
[10] Bartnicki-Garcia SJ, Persson J, Chanzy H. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1994, 310, 6–15.Search in Google Scholar
[11] Anbarasan R, Vasudevan T, Kalaignan GP, Gopalan A. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1999, 73, 121–128.Search in Google Scholar
[12] Olsen, R, Schwartzmiller, D, Weppner, W, Winandy, R. Biomedical Applications of Chitin and Its Derivatives. In Chitin and Chitosan: Sources, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Physical Properties and Applications. Skjuak-Bræk, G, Anthonsen, T, Sandford, P, Eds., Elsevier Applied Science: London, 1998.Search in Google Scholar
[13] Kawamura Y, Yoshida H, Asai S, Tanibe H. Water Sci. Technol. 1997, 35, 97–105.Search in Google Scholar
[14] Guibal E, Sweeney NVO, Vincent T, Tobin JM. React. Funct. Polym. 2002, 50, 149–163.Search in Google Scholar
[15] Herbert, V. Vitamin B12. In Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 7th ed., Ziegler, EE, Filer, LJ, Eds., ILSI Press: Washington, DC, 1996.Search in Google Scholar
[16] Bernard MA, Nakonezny PA, Kashner TM. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1998, 46, 1199–1206.Search in Google Scholar
[17] Armstrong HT, Wise JA, Armstrong ET. US Patent 2001, 6, 255, 294.10.1023/A:1010960227494Search in Google Scholar
[18] Stuart DM. US Patent 2007, 0, 190, 126 A1.Search in Google Scholar
[19] Heudi O, Kilinc T, Fontannaz P, Marley E. J. Chromatogr. A 2001, 1101, 63–68.10.1016/j.chroma.2005.09.059Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[20] Kenyon CJ, Hooper G, Tierney D, Butler J, Devane J, Wilding IR. J. Control. Release 2005, 43, 31–40.Search in Google Scholar
©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Original articles
- Grafting of maleic anhydride on polypropylene by reactive extrusion: effect of maleic anhydride and peroxide concentrations on reaction yield and products characteristics
- An optical system for measuring the residence time distribution in co-rotating twin-screw extruders
- Effect of processing technology on the morphological, mechanical and electrical properties of conductive polymer composites
- Thermodynamic modeling of polyamide-6 (PA-6)/cellulose acetate (CA) blend membrane prepared via casting technique
- Monte Carlo simulation of ionic conductivity in polyethylene oxide
- Impact fracture toughness and morphology of polypropylene/Mg(OH)2 composites
- High impact toughness of polyamide 6/poly (vinylidene fluoride) blends induced by an ionic liquid
- Application of chemically-cross-linked chitosan for the removal of Reactive Black 5 and Reactive Yellow 84 dyes from aqueous solutions
- Flame retardation behaviors of UV-curable phosphorus-containing PU coating system
- Preparation and characterization of modified chitosan for in vitro controlled release of vitamin B12
- Surface modification of nano-alumina and its application in preparing polyacrylate water-based wood coating
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Original articles
- Grafting of maleic anhydride on polypropylene by reactive extrusion: effect of maleic anhydride and peroxide concentrations on reaction yield and products characteristics
- An optical system for measuring the residence time distribution in co-rotating twin-screw extruders
- Effect of processing technology on the morphological, mechanical and electrical properties of conductive polymer composites
- Thermodynamic modeling of polyamide-6 (PA-6)/cellulose acetate (CA) blend membrane prepared via casting technique
- Monte Carlo simulation of ionic conductivity in polyethylene oxide
- Impact fracture toughness and morphology of polypropylene/Mg(OH)2 composites
- High impact toughness of polyamide 6/poly (vinylidene fluoride) blends induced by an ionic liquid
- Application of chemically-cross-linked chitosan for the removal of Reactive Black 5 and Reactive Yellow 84 dyes from aqueous solutions
- Flame retardation behaviors of UV-curable phosphorus-containing PU coating system
- Preparation and characterization of modified chitosan for in vitro controlled release of vitamin B12
- Surface modification of nano-alumina and its application in preparing polyacrylate water-based wood coating
