Changes in water-vapor-adsorption isotherms of pulp fibers and sheets during paper recycling, including drying of wet webs, and disintegration and sonication of dried sheets in water
Abstract
A never-dried (ND) fines-free softwood bleached kraft pulp was converted to air-dried and thermally dried handsheets, which were then disintegrated or sonicated in water under various conditions. These disintegrated or sonicated pulps were converted to handsheets and used to obtain fundamental data on paper recycling. The water-vapor-adsorption isotherms of the pulp and sheet samples after super-critical-point drying showed clear differences between the water volumes adsorbed by the ND pulp, once-dried pulp, and dried sheets at the same relative humidities above 50%. These differences are caused by hornification of the pulp and sheet samples during drying and recycling. Air and thermal drying of wet webs decreased the adsorbed-water-vapor volume by 7%–9% and 14%–18%, respectively, relative to that adsorbed by the original ND pulp. We hypothesize that the decrease in water-vapor-adsorption volume from that of the original ND pulp at relative humidities >50% reflects the degree of irreversible formation of hydroxyl groups in the originally hydrophilic hemicelluloses and crystalline cellulose microfibril surfaces in the pulp and sheet samples during drying and paper recycling. The water-vapor-adsorption isotherms of pulp and sheet samples can be used to quantify the degree of hornification or the amount of irreversible hydrogen bonds formed during paper recycling.
Funding source: Fundamental research funds of the University of Tokyo, Japan.
Acknowledgments
We thank Helen McPherson, PhD, from Edanz for editing a draft of this manuscript.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: This research was financially supported by fundamental research funds of the University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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Availability of data and material: All data generated during this study are included in this published article.
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Supplementary Material
This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0098).
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Biorefining
- Possible alternatives for using kraft lignin as activated carbon in pulp mills – a review
- Technical kraft lignin from coffee parchment
- Nitric acid-potassium hydroxide fractionation of rice straw: an integrated biorefinery initiative
- Paper technology
- The influence of fibrous suspension flow regimes on the formation of tissue paper manufactured from different furnish compositions
- Paper physics
- Assessment of paperboard large deformation at fold using digital image correlation technique
- Paper chemistry
- Response surface methodology optimization and antimicrobial activity of berberine modified trimethoprim carboxymethyl cellulose
- Packaging
- Addition of bentonite to cationic starch matrix for coating on kraftliner paper to improve grease resistance
- Recycling
- Changes in water-vapor-adsorption isotherms of pulp fibers and sheets during paper recycling, including drying of wet webs, and disintegration and sonication of dried sheets in water
- Determination of fines in recycled paper
- Disintegration of toilet papers used in shopping malls
- Nanotechnology
- Cryoslash as an effective pre-treatment to obtain nanofibrillated cellulose using ultra-fine friction grinder with kraft pulp
- Pre-treatment with calcium hydroxide and accelerated carbonation for cellulosic pulp fibrillation
- Chemical technology/modifications
- Study on manufacturing hot water-resistant PVOH coated paper by gas grafting palmitoyl chloride (II)–Control of palmitoyl chloride penetration by inorganic pigments coating
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- Efficient and eco-friendly isolation and purification of lignin from black liquor with choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents
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