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Model and optimal operational windows for hydrodynamic fiber fractionation

  • Thomas Schmid EMAIL logo und Stefan Radl
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 9. Dezember 2020
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Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal
Aus der Zeitschrift Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal Band 36 Heft 1

Abstract

Based on fitted experimental data, an empirical fractionation model for mini-channel hydrodynamic fiber fractionation (miniFrac) is presented. This model, combined with an optimization procedure, is then used as a design tool to synergize competing fractionation performance characteristics, i. e., product quality, product yield and energy demand. Based on this model, miniFrac is compared to state-of-the-art fiber fractionation technology with respect to (i) long fiber-short fiber fractionation and (ii) fines-fiber fractionation. In terms of fines-fiber fractionation, miniFrac is outperformed by typical micro-hole pressure screening regarding the purity of fines fraction. However, a comparison with a slotted (slot width of 0.2 mm) and a smooth-holed pressure screen (hole diameter of 0.8 mm) shows, that miniFrac is capable of outperforming both systems regarding product quality and energy demand at a comparable product yield. If, in the case of fines-fiber fractionation, reject purity (i. e., fines exclusion) is more important than fines purity (i. e., long fiber remain in the reject), miniFrac is an interesting tool with some key advantages over pressure screens.

Keywords: empirical model; fibers; hydrodynamic fractionation; optimization; pressure screen

Funding statement: The project received financial support by Sappi Austria Produktions-GmbH & Co KG, Zellstoff Pöls AG and Mondi Frantschach GmbH, the Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies (COMET), promoted by BMVIT, BMDW, Styria and Carinthia and managed by FFG.

Appendix A
Table 2

Cut length Lcut dependent model parameters c 1 , c 2 , and s f for four different slot widths s ∈ [ 0.3 mm , 0.6 mm , 1.6 mm , 2.6 mm ].

L cut [mm] 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.8 2.6 3.5
s [mm] c 1 c 2 s f c 1 c 2 s f c 1 c 2 s f c 1 c 2 s f c 1 c 2 s f c 1 c 2 s f
0.3 0.66 5.36 0.14 0.86 6.41 0.22 0.95 6.29 0.3 1.01 5.29 0.43 1.03 3.86 0.58 1.02 1.97 0.78
0.6 0.71 4.82 0.14 0.9 5.64 0.22 0.98 5.44 0.3 1.03 4.43 0.43 1.03 3.16 0.58 1.02 1.62 0.78
1.6 0.54 2.32 0.14 0.73 3.14 0.22 0.84 3.15 0.3 0.92 2.59 0.43 0.96 1.74 0.58 0.99 0.8 0.78
2.6 0.54 1.82 0.14 0.72 2.29 0.22 0.81 2.3 0.3 0.9 2.05 0.43 0.95 1.47 0.58 0.98 0.75 0.78
Table 3

Cut length L c u t independent model parameters c 3 … c 11 and c 13 … c 15 for four different slot widths s ∈ [ 0.3 mm , 0.6 mm , 1.6 mm , 2.6 mm ].

s [mm] c 3 c 4 c 5 c 6 c 7 c 8 c 9 c 10 c 11 c 13 c 14 c 15
0.3 1.7 1.7 1.70 · 10 − 5 4.2 1.1 2.90 · 10 − 2 0.016 0.08 0.15 2.20 · 10 − 3 190 40
0.6 2.5 1.9 1.70 · 10 − 5 29.6 2 6.20 · 10 − 2 0.016 0.08 0.15 2.20 · 10 − 3 190 40
1.6 0.8 1.5 1.70 · 10 − 5 1.3 0.8 5.40 · 10 − 2 0.016 0.08 0.15 2.20 · 10 − 3 190 40
2.6 0.6 1.5 1.70 · 10 − 5 5.8 1.7 9.90 · 10 − 2 0.016 0.08 0.15 2.20 · 10 − 3 190 40
Figure 13 Functional dependency of (a) reject thickening factor τ r e j {\tau _{rej}}, (b) product quality of reject fraction due to long fiber preservation ς r e j p r e s s {\varsigma _{rej}^{pres\boldsymbol{s}}}, (c) product quality of accept fraction ςacc, (d) product quality of reject fraction due to short fiber exclusion ς r e j e x c l {\varsigma _{rej}^{excl}}, (e) fractionation index Φ, (f) accept ratio ϕ + {\phi ^{+}}, and (g) system accept ratio ϕ n i + {\phi _{{n_{i}}}^{+}} with respect to the number of steps i, for different cut lengths Lcut.
Figure 13

Functional dependency of (a) reject thickening factor τ r e j , (b) product quality of reject fraction due to long fiber preservation ς r e j p r e s s , (c) product quality of accept fraction ςacc, (d) product quality of reject fraction due to short fiber exclusion ς r e j e x c l , (e) fractionation index Φ, (f) accept ratio ϕ + , and (g) system accept ratio ϕ n i + with respect to the number of steps i, for different cut lengths Lcut.

Figure 14 Functional dependency of (a) reject thickening factor τ r e j {\tau _{rej}}, (b) product quality of reject fraction due to long fiber preservation ς r e j p r e s {\varsigma _{rej}^{pres}}, (c) product quality of accept fraction ςacc, (d) product quality of reject fraction due to short fiber exclusion ς r e j e x c l {\varsigma _{rej}^{excl}}, (e) fractionation index Φ, (f) accept ratio ϕ + {\phi ^{+}}, and (g) system accept ratio ϕ n i + {\phi _{{n_{i}}}^{+}} with increasing number of steps i, for different slot widths s.
Figure 14

Functional dependency of (a) reject thickening factor τ r e j , (b) product quality of reject fraction due to long fiber preservation ς r e j p r e s , (c) product quality of accept fraction ςacc, (d) product quality of reject fraction due to short fiber exclusion ς r e j e x c l , (e) fractionation index Φ, (f) accept ratio ϕ + , and (g) system accept ratio ϕ n i + with increasing number of steps i, for different slot widths s.

Figure 15 Functional dependency of (a) reject thickening factor τ r e j {\tau _{rej}}, (b) product quality of reject fraction due to long fiber preservation ς r e j p r e s {\varsigma _{rej}^{pres}}, (c) product quality of accept fraction ςacc, (d) product quality of reject fraction due to short fiber exclusion ς r e j e x c l {\varsigma _{rej}^{excl}}, (e) fractionation index Φ, (f) accept ratio ϕ + {\phi ^{+}}, and (g) system accept ratio ϕ n i + {\phi _{{n_{i}}}^{+}} with increasing number of steps i, for different system accept yields χ t o t , n i {\chi _{tot,ni}}.
Figure 15

Functional dependency of (a) reject thickening factor τ r e j , (b) product quality of reject fraction due to long fiber preservation ς r e j p r e s , (c) product quality of accept fraction ςacc, (d) product quality of reject fraction due to short fiber exclusion ς r e j e x c l , (e) fractionation index Φ, (f) accept ratio ϕ + , and (g) system accept ratio ϕ n i + with increasing number of steps i, for different system accept yields χ t o t , n i .

  1. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Received: 2020-06-16
Accepted: 2020-09-21
Published Online: 2020-12-09
Published in Print: 2021-03-26

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Chemical pulping
  3. Sodium salt scaling in black liquor evaporators and the effects of the addition of tall oil brine
  4. Bleaching
  5. Characterization of fibers after xylanase and modified laccase-glutamate system biobleaching of old newsprint pulp
  6. Mechanical pulping
  7. Low-consistency refining of CTMP targeting high strength and bulk: effect of filling pattern and trial scale
  8. Paper technology
  9. Model and optimal operational windows for hydrodynamic fiber fractionation
  10. Paper physics
  11. Full-field hygro-expansion characterization of single softwood and hardwood pulp fibers
  12. Paper chemistry
  13. Selective addition of C-PVAm to improve dry strength of TMP mixed tissue paper
  14. A transparent polyurethane based on nanosilica in reinforcing papers
  15. Packaging
  16. Laboratory measurement method for the mechanical interaction between a tactile sensor and a cartonboard package – presentation and evaluation
  17. Environmental impact
  18. Concentrated sulfuric acid production from non-condensable gases and its effect on alkali and sulfur balances in pulp mills
  19. Recycling
  20. Characterization of recycled waste papers treated with starch/organophosphorus-silane biocomposite flame retardant
  21. Nanotechnology
  22. Effects of lignin content and acid concentration on the preparation of lignin containing nanofibers from alkaline hydrogen peroxide mechanical pulp
  23. Rice straw paper sheets reinforced with bleached or unbleached nanofibers
  24. Chemical technology/modifications
  25. Preparation and characterization of cellulose bromo-isobutyl ester based on filter paper
  26. Preparation and thermostability of hydrophobic modified nanocrystalline cellulose
  27. Hardwood kraft pulp fibre oxidation using acidic hydrogen peroxide
https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2020-0059
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
empirical model; fibers; hydrodynamic fractionation; optimization; pressure screen

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Chemical pulping
  3. Sodium salt scaling in black liquor evaporators and the effects of the addition of tall oil brine
  4. Bleaching
  5. Characterization of fibers after xylanase and modified laccase-glutamate system biobleaching of old newsprint pulp
  6. Mechanical pulping
  7. Low-consistency refining of CTMP targeting high strength and bulk: effect of filling pattern and trial scale
  8. Paper technology
  9. Model and optimal operational windows for hydrodynamic fiber fractionation
  10. Paper physics
  11. Full-field hygro-expansion characterization of single softwood and hardwood pulp fibers
  12. Paper chemistry
  13. Selective addition of C-PVAm to improve dry strength of TMP mixed tissue paper
  14. A transparent polyurethane based on nanosilica in reinforcing papers
  15. Packaging
  16. Laboratory measurement method for the mechanical interaction between a tactile sensor and a cartonboard package – presentation and evaluation
  17. Environmental impact
  18. Concentrated sulfuric acid production from non-condensable gases and its effect on alkali and sulfur balances in pulp mills
  19. Recycling
  20. Characterization of recycled waste papers treated with starch/organophosphorus-silane biocomposite flame retardant
  21. Nanotechnology
  22. Effects of lignin content and acid concentration on the preparation of lignin containing nanofibers from alkaline hydrogen peroxide mechanical pulp
  23. Rice straw paper sheets reinforced with bleached or unbleached nanofibers
  24. Chemical technology/modifications
  25. Preparation and characterization of cellulose bromo-isobutyl ester based on filter paper
  26. Preparation and thermostability of hydrophobic modified nanocrystalline cellulose
  27. Hardwood kraft pulp fibre oxidation using acidic hydrogen peroxide
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