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Heat treatment and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel metal rubber

  • Dr. Tianyan Liu received his PhD at Nuclear Power Institute of China, China, in 2020. He is a researcher at Nuclear Power Institute of China. His research interests are mechanical metamaterial, mechanical performances of materials and structures, and vibration control.

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    Dr. Pengzhou Li received his PhD at Nuclear Power Institute of China, China, in 1998. He is a Vice Chief Engineer at Nuclear Power Institute of China. His research interests are structural mechanics in reactor technology.

         ,

    Dr. Kun Zhang received his PhD at University of Science and Technology of China, China, in 2008. He is a Vice Director of the Laboratory at Nuclear Power Institute of China. His research interests are structural mechanics in reactor technology and vibration control.

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    Haowen Liu graduated from the Reactor Structural Mechanics Department of Nuclear Power Institute of China. Currently he is engaged in research on system vibration reduction and acoustics, leading and participating in multiple projects such as performance research on various types of vibration isolation and damping components, research on testing methods for vibration isolation and damping components, and research on system vibration isolation and damping design and analysis.

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    Dr. Xiaosong Jiang, graduated with a Bachelor’s degree in Powder Metallurgy from Central South University, Changsha, China, in 2002. He completed his Master of Science in Materials Physics and Chemistry at Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China, in 2007. In 2011, he completed his PhD degree at Tongji University, Shanghai, China. He is an Associate Professor at Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China. His main research fields are powder metallurgy and metal matrix composites.

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Published/Copyright: January 19, 2026
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 68 Issue 2

Abstract

In order to eliminate the residual stresses generated during the preparation process, the heat treatment of deformed/undeformed 304 stainless steel wires was carried out by solution treatment and annealing process, and the optimal heat treatment parameters were explored. In addition, the surface modification of 304 stainless steel metal rubbers wires was carried out by pickling passivation method and the optimal formulation was explored. Finally, the corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, fatigue properties and damping properties of 304 stainless steel before and after heat treatment were tested and analyzed. The results show that the organization of 304 stainless steel wire is basically single-phase austenite after solution treatment at 800 °C, and annealing at 400 °C can effectively eliminate residual stresses. The passivation agent in the proportion of citric acid and hydrogen peroxide is 3:10, the passivation film effect is the best. The deformation of 30 % of the specimen heat treatment of the various properties have been improved, which is beneficial to enhance the 304 stainless steel metal rubber in different environments stable working ability.

Keywords: heat treatment; 304 stainless steel; damping properties; metal rubber; surface modification
Corresponding author: Xiaosong Jiang, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China, E-mail:

Funding source: Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Award Identifier / Grant number: No. IIMDKFJJ-21-10

About the authors

Tianyan Liu

Dr. Tianyan Liu received his PhD at Nuclear Power Institute of China, China, in 2020. He is a researcher at Nuclear Power Institute of China. His research interests are mechanical metamaterial, mechanical performances of materials and structures, and vibration control.

Pengzhou Li

Dr. Pengzhou Li received his PhD at Nuclear Power Institute of China, China, in 1998. He is a Vice Chief Engineer at Nuclear Power Institute of China. His research interests are structural mechanics in reactor technology.

Kun Zhang

Dr. Kun Zhang received his PhD at University of Science and Technology of China, China, in 2008. He is a Vice Director of the Laboratory at Nuclear Power Institute of China. His research interests are structural mechanics in reactor technology and vibration control.

Haowen Liu

Haowen Liu graduated from the Reactor Structural Mechanics Department of Nuclear Power Institute of China. Currently he is engaged in research on system vibration reduction and acoustics, leading and participating in multiple projects such as performance research on various types of vibration isolation and damping components, research on testing methods for vibration isolation and damping components, and research on system vibration isolation and damping design and analysis.

Xiaosong Jiang

Dr. Xiaosong Jiang, graduated with a Bachelor’s degree in Powder Metallurgy from Central South University, Changsha, China, in 2002. He completed his Master of Science in Materials Physics and Chemistry at Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China, in 2007. In 2011, he completed his PhD degree at Tongji University, Shanghai, China. He is an Associate Professor at Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China. His main research fields are powder metallurgy and metal matrix composites.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: None declared.

  7. Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Published Online: 2026-01-19
Published in Print: 2026-02-24

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Heat treatment and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel metal rubber
  3. Fatigue life and damage behaviors of GFRP pipes under circumferential bend loading
  4. Topology optimization and thickness minimization of a motor plate used in tower cranes
  5. Comparison of the ballistic performance of 6063, 6061, 6082 aluminum alloy louvers under 7.62 mm bullet impact
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  7. Design-dependent mechanical performance of additively manufactured hybrid hierarchical TPMS-based auxetic polymer structures
  8. Microstructure and wear resistance of in-situ synthesized TiC/TiB2 reinforced iron-based composite laser cladded coating
  9. Fabrication and analysis of 3D printed ABS-iron powder composites for radar absorption
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  11. Influence of GMAW welding parameters on grain size, precipitates, and hardness in alloy 6063-T5
  12. Tribomechanical properties of direct energy deposited ceramic reinforced coatings on alloy TC4
  13. Adhesive wear performance of NiHard-4, alloyed spherical cast iron compared to high Cr cast irons and tool steels
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  16. Multi-objective optimization of process parameters in electro discharge machining of Inconel 625 superalloy with different electrode materials
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  18. Effect of rainwater immersion on the wear and friction characteristics of Ni–B and Ni–B–TiO2 coatings
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  20. In vitro tribological behavior of Mg2Zn1Mn/HA-Al2O3 nano-biocomposites
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https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2025-0234
Keywords for this article
heat treatment; 304 stainless steel; damping properties; metal rubber; surface modification

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Heat treatment and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel metal rubber
  3. Fatigue life and damage behaviors of GFRP pipes under circumferential bend loading
  4. Topology optimization and thickness minimization of a motor plate used in tower cranes
  5. Comparison of the ballistic performance of 6063, 6061, 6082 aluminum alloy louvers under 7.62 mm bullet impact
  6. Improvement of the mechanical properties of Kagome structures using PUR foam matrices
  7. Design-dependent mechanical performance of additively manufactured hybrid hierarchical TPMS-based auxetic polymer structures
  8. Microstructure and wear resistance of in-situ synthesized TiC/TiB2 reinforced iron-based composite laser cladded coating
  9. Fabrication and analysis of 3D printed ABS-iron powder composites for radar absorption
  10. Influence of riveting speed on mechanical performance of self piercing riveted (SPR) aluminum 5182 sheets
  11. Influence of GMAW welding parameters on grain size, precipitates, and hardness in alloy 6063-T5
  12. Tribomechanical properties of direct energy deposited ceramic reinforced coatings on alloy TC4
  13. Adhesive wear performance of NiHard-4, alloyed spherical cast iron compared to high Cr cast irons and tool steels
  14. Mechanical and thermal properties of jute fiber–reinforced composites with rice husk ash filler for structural applications
  15. Analysis of an internal heat exchanger (IHX) for vehicle air conditioning systems
  16. Multi-objective optimization of process parameters in electro discharge machining of Inconel 625 superalloy with different electrode materials
  17. Optimization of 3D printing parameters for thermal conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced PLA components
  18. Effect of rainwater immersion on the wear and friction characteristics of Ni–B and Ni–B–TiO2 coatings
  19. Wear resistivity and ANFIS modeling for hybrid aluminum metal matrix composites at elevated temperatures
  20. In vitro tribological behavior of Mg2Zn1Mn/HA-Al2O3 nano-biocomposites
  21. The mine blast algorithm for the structural optimization of electrical vehicle components
  22. Influence of stitching on the interlaminar fracture toughness energy – modes I and II – of unidirectional GFRP
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