Influence of betel nut fiber hybridization on properties of novel aloevera fiber-reinforced vinyl ester composites

Karthick Rasu; Anbumalar Veerabathiran

doi:10.1515/mt-2024-0108

Article

Influence of betel nut fiber hybridization on properties of novel aloevera fiber-reinforced vinyl ester composites

Karthick Rasu
Karthick Rasu, born in 1990, studied Master of Engineering in Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai. Currently, he is working as Assistant Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.
and Anbumalar Veerabathiran
Anbumalar Veerabathiran, born in 1966, completed PhD at Anna University, Chennai. Currently, he is working as Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.

Published/Copyright: June 26, 2024

Published by

Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Submit Manuscript Author Information

From the journal Materials Testing Volume 66 Issue 9

Abstract

This work presents the influence of betel nut fiber hybridization on the properties (mechanical, thermal, wear, and water absorption) of novel aloevera fiber-reinforced vinyl ester composites. In this research, we fabricated the composites by changing the wt.% of aloevera fiber and betel nut fiber through the hand layup method using the compression molding technique. From the results, it has been observed that increases in wt.% of betel nut fiber increased the mechanical properties, thermal properties, wear resistance, and water resistance of the composites. The composite with the designation S1 shows the lowest hardness, tensile, flexural, impact, and shear strengths of 49.58, 26.59 MPa, 52.53 MPa, 4.12 J, and 101.26 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, the composite with the designation S5 shows the highest hardness, tensile, flexural, impact, and shear strengths of 71.29, 62.61 MPa, 78.24 MPa, 9.57 J, and 139.52 MPa, respectively. Further, higher wear resistance and water resistance were obtained by the S5 specimen. SEM analysis shows the good strength of betel nut fiber and enhances the tensile strength of the composites.

Keywords: aloevera fiber; betel nut fiber; vinyl ester; mechanical; thermal; wear

Corresponding author: Karthick Rasu, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai – Rameswaram Road, Viraganoor Dam, 625009, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: rkarthick33@gmail.com

About the authors

Karthick Rasu

Karthick Rasu, born in 1990, studied Master of Engineering in Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai. Currently, he is working as Assistant Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.

Anbumalar Veerabathiran

Anbumalar Veerabathiran, born in 1966, completed PhD at Anna University, Chennai. Currently, he is working as Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.

Research ethics: Not applicable.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted the responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interests: All other authors state no conflict of interest.
Research funding: None declared.
Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

References

[1] R. Karthick, K. Adithya, C. Hariharaprasath, and V. Abhishek, “Evaluation of mechanical behavior of banana fibre reinforced hybrid epoxy composites,” Mater. Today: Proc., vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 12814–12820, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.265.Search in Google Scholar

[2] T. Önal and Ş. Temiz, “Experimental and numerical investigation of flexural behavior of balsa core sandwich composite structures,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 1056–1068, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0375.Search in Google Scholar

[3] M. Kopar and A. R. Yildiz, “Composite disc optimization using hunger games search optimization algorithm,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 8, pp. 1222–1229, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0067.Search in Google Scholar

[4] F. Kocyigit and A. M. Kaya, “Thermal and mechanical properties of a new insulation composite material,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 1453–1463, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0035.Search in Google Scholar

[5] J. Gao, et al.., “Collapse of a honeycomb sandwich composite in an aircraft radome,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 1389–1395, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0183.Search in Google Scholar

[6] S. Dogan, Y. Arman, and A. Dogan, “Effect of impactor nose form on the impact behavior of reinforced composite materials,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 8, pp. 1254–1262, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0409.Search in Google Scholar

[7] I. Bozkurt, M. O. Kaman, and M. Albayrak, “Low-velocity impact behaviours of sandwiches manufactured from fully carbon fiber composite for different cell types and compression behaviours for different core types,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 1349–1372, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0024.Search in Google Scholar

[8] A. K. J. Al-Shamary, R. Karakuzu, H. Kandas, and O. Ozdemir, “Low velocity impact response of sandwich composites with hybrid glass/natural fiber face-sheet and PET foam core,” Mater. Test., vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 1465–1479, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0151.Search in Google Scholar

[9] A. K. J. Al-Shamary, R. Karakuzu, H. Kandas, and O. Ozdemir, “Experimental investigation of the impact behavior of glass/epoxy composite materials with the natural fiber layer,” Mater. Test., vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 780–786, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-2133.Search in Google Scholar

[10] Y. E. Erdoğdu, E. E. Korkmaz, and Ş. Temiz, “Effect of graphene nanoplatelet filling on mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites,” Mater. Test., vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 322–328, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2020-0046.Search in Google Scholar

[11] J. Borah and N. Dutta, “Development and properties evaluation of betel nut fibres composite material,” Mater. Today: Proc., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 2229–2233, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.09.223.Search in Google Scholar

[12] M. J. Miah, Y. Li, S. C. Paul, A. J. Babafemi, and J. G. Jang, “Mechanical strength, shrinkage, and porosity of mortar reinforced with areca nut husk fibers,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 363, 2023, Art. no. 129688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129688.Search in Google Scholar

[13] K. Rasu and A. Veerabathiran, “Tribological behaviour of industrial waste based agave sisalana/glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites for marine applications,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 593–602, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0431.Search in Google Scholar

[14] F. Rahman, et al.., “Effect of human hair on mechanical properties of jute and BNH fiber reinforced hybrid polyester composites,” J. Nat. Fibers, vol. 20, no. 1, 2023, Art. no. 2168820. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2023.2168820.Search in Google Scholar

[15] M. N. Hassan, et al.., “Evaluation of physico-mechanical properties of naturally dyed betel-nut leaf plate (BLPF) – banana blended fabric,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 2, 2023, Art. no. e13571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13571.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[16] V. C. Uvaraja, K. Sureshkumar, B. Radha Krishnan, and H. Ramakrishnan, “Characterization of untreated and alkali treated Areca catechu fibre through eco-friendly composite plates,” Int. Conf. Smart Sustain. Dev. Mater. Manuf. Energy Eng., vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 1108–1112, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.004.Search in Google Scholar

[17] G. Sunny and T. P. Rajan, “Review on areca nut fiber and its implementation in sustainable products development,” J. Nat. Fibers, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 4747–4760, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2020.1870623.Search in Google Scholar

[18] K. Phukan, S. Chutia, G. P. Chutia, and N. Sen Sarma, “Fabrication of conducting polyaniline–betel nut fiber filaments with potential ammonia gas sensing behavior,” J. Nat. Fibers, vol. 19, no. 16, pp. 13694–13710, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2104776.Search in Google Scholar

[19] S. Das, P. Rani, and P. P. Tripathy, “Development and characterization of betel nut fiber composite as a food packaging material,” J. Nat. Fibers, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 747–760, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2020.1761928.Search in Google Scholar

[20] R. B. Ashok, C. V. Srinivasa, and B. Basavaraju, “A review on the mechanical properties of areca fiber reinforced composites,” Sci. Technol. Mater., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 120–130, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stmat.2018.05.004.Search in Google Scholar

[21] L. Yusriah, S. M. Sapuan, E. S. Zainudin, and M. Mariatti, “Characterization of physical, mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of agro-waste betel nut (Areca catechu) husk fibre,” J. Cleaner Prod., vol. 72, pp. 174–180, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.02.025.Search in Google Scholar

[22] L. Yusriah, S. M. Sapuan, E. S. Zainudin, and M. Mariatti, “Exploring the potential of betel nut husk fiber as reinforcement in polymer composites: effect of fiber maturity,” Procedia Chem., vol. 4, pp. 87–94, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2012.06.013.Search in Google Scholar

[23] M. M. Hassan, M. H. Wagner, H. U. Zaman, and M. A. Khan, “Physico-mechanical performance of hybrid betel nut ( areca catechu ) short fiber/seaweed polypropylene composite,” J. Nat. Fibers, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 165–177, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2010.504394.Search in Google Scholar

[24] K. Jarukumjorn and N. Suppakarn, “Effect of glass fiber hybridization on properties of sisal fiber–polypropylene composites,” Compos. B Eng., vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 623–627, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.04.007.Search in Google Scholar

[25] K. Rasu and A. Veerabathiran, “Effect of red mud on mechanical and thermal properties of agave sisalana/glass fiber– reinforced hybrid composites,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 1879–1889, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0118.Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2024-06-26

Published in Print: 2024-09-25

You are currently not able to access this content.

Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2024-0108

Keywords for this article

aloevera fiber; betel nut fiber; vinyl ester; mechanical; thermal; wear