Effects of boron waste as a reinforcement in the production of Al composite foams
-
Gökçe Kılıç
Gökçe Kılıç graduated from the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering at Osmangazi University in 2020. She got involved in the 2209-A Tubitak Project on the topic of aluminum foam material production and mechanical properties using boron product and waste.
und
Neşe Öztürk Körpe
Neşe Öztürk Körpe worked as a Research Assistant at Eskişehir Osmangazi University Metallurgical and Materials Engineering between 2000 and 2012 and has been working as an assistant professor since 2012. She has studies on Boronizing, Intermetallic compounds, High-temperature behavior of materials, Combustion synthesis, and Metallic foams.
Abstract
In this study, the effect of using boron products in the production of aluminium composite foam on the formation of pores and mechanical properties of the material was investigated. Metallic foam was produced by powder metallurgy method by adding borogypsum to the Al matrix and using boric acid (H3BO3) as a pore former. Samples containing 5, 10 and 20 wt% borogypsum were prepared at initial pressing pressures of 420 MPa and 630 MPa and sintered at 550 °C for 3 h. As a result of microhardness measurements taken from the cell wall of foam samples with ∼40% porosity, it was determined that the hardness value increased as the borogypsum ratio increased. According to the results of the quasi-static compression test performed at a deformation rate of 10−3 s−1 at room temperature, the hardness and strength values of 20 wt% borogypsum reinforced Al composite foam prepared at 630 MPa pressure increased. In addition, mechanical properties such as plateau tension and elastic modulus for each sample were theoretically determined with the Gibson–Ashby approach.
Funding source: 2209-A TUBITAK Project, Eskişehir, Türkiye
Award Identifier / Grant number: 1919B011903031
About the authors
Gökçe Kılıç graduated from the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering at Osmangazi University in 2020. She got involved in the 2209-A Tubitak Project on the topic of aluminum foam material production and mechanical properties using boron product and waste.
Neşe Öztürk Körpe worked as a Research Assistant at Eskişehir Osmangazi University Metallurgical and Materials Engineering between 2000 and 2012 and has been working as an assistant professor since 2012. She has studies on Boronizing, Intermetallic compounds, High-temperature behavior of materials, Combustion synthesis, and Metallic foams.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: This project was financially supported by 2209-A TÜBİTAK Project (Project no: 1919B011903031), Eskişehir, Türkiye.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
[1] K. A. Güler, Z. Taslicukur, and G. Özer, “Production of open cell aluminum metal foam with lost foam technique,” Mater. Test., vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 295–297, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110229.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] J. Banhart and H. W. Seeliger, “Recent trends in aluminum foam sandwich technology,” Adv. Eng. Mater., vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 1082–1087, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201100333.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] S. Elbir, S. Yilmaz, A. K. Toksoy, M. Guden, and I. W. Hall, “SiC-particulate aluminum composite foams produced by powder compacts: foaming and compression behavior,” J. Mater. Sci., vol. 38, no. 23, pp. 4745–4755, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1027427102837.10.1023/A:1027427102837Suche in Google Scholar
[4] M. Afshar, M. Mirbagheri, and N. Mohavedi, “Effect of SiC particle size on the mechanical properties of closed aluminium foams,” Mater. Test., vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 571–574, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111035.Suche in Google Scholar
[5] M. Alizadeh and M. Mirzaei-Aliabadi, “Compressive properties and energy absorption behaviour of Al–Al2O3 composite foam synthesized by space holder technique,” Mater. Des., vol. 35, pp. 419–424, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.09.059.Suche in Google Scholar
[6] N. Jha, D. P. Mondal, J. D. Majumdar, A. Badkul, A. K. Jha, and A. K. Khare, “Highly porous open cell Ti-foam using NaCl as temporary space holder through powder metallurgy route,” Mater. Des., vol. 47, pp. 810–819, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.01.005.Suche in Google Scholar
[7] T. Aydoğmuş and Ş. Bor, “Processing of porous TiNi alloys using magnesium as space holder,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 478, nos. 1–2, pp. 705–710, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.11.141.Suche in Google Scholar
[8] D. P. Mondal, N. Jha, B. Gull, S. Das, and A. Badkul, “Microarchitecture and compressive deformation behaviour of Al-alloy (LM13)–cenosphere hybrid Al-foam prepared using CaCO3 as foaming agent,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 560, pp. 601–610, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.10.003.Suche in Google Scholar
[9] D. W. Li, L. I. Jie, L. I. Tao, S. U. N. Ting, X. M. Zhang, and G. C. Yao, “Preparation and characterization of aluminum foams with ZrH2 as foaming agent,” Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 346–352, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(11)60720-6.Suche in Google Scholar
[10] N. Ö. Körpe, N. B. Dürger, D. Dur, and İ. Çelikyürek, “Effects of compacting pressure and sintering temperature on the properties of highly porous pure aluminium produced with boric acid (H3BO3),” Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., vol. 59, pp. 661–671, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-021-00201-9.Suche in Google Scholar
[11] N. Ö. Körpe, E. Özkan, and U. Tasci, “Production of aluminum–fly ash particulate composite by powder metallurgy technique using boric acid as foaming agent,” Adv. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 145–154, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/2374068X.2016.1254004.Suche in Google Scholar
[12] F. Sevim, F. Demir, M. Blen, and H. Okur, “Kinetic analysis of thermal decomposition of boric acid from thermogravimetric data,” Korean J. Chem. Eng., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 736–740, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02705920.Suche in Google Scholar
[13] L. J. Gibson and M. F. Ashby, “Cellular solids: structure and properties,” in Cambridge Solid State Science Series, 2nd ed. UK, Cambridge University Press, 1997.10.1017/CBO9781139878326Suche in Google Scholar
[14] L. J. Gibson, “Cellular solids,” Mrs Bull., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 270–274, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.79.Suche in Google Scholar
[15] D. P. Papadopoulos, I. C. Konstantinidis, N. Papanastasiou, S. Skolianos, H. Lefakis, and D. N. Tsipas, “Mechanical properties of Al metal foams,” Mater. Lett., vol. 58, no. 21, pp. 2574–2578, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2004.03.004.Suche in Google Scholar
[16] S. K. Maiti, L. J. Gibson, and M. F. Ashby, “Deformation and energy absorption diagrams for cellular solids,” Acta Metall., vol. 32, no. 11, pp. 1963–1975, 1984, https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(84)90177-9.Suche in Google Scholar
[17] J. Xu, J. Liu, W. Gu, Z. Wang, X. Liu, and T. Cao, “Effect of cell size on the energy absorption of closed-cell aluminium foam,” Mater. Test., vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 583–590, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111195.Suche in Google Scholar
[18] H. Mahdi, M. Davood, V. Mohsen, and S. Behzad, “Boric acid production from a low-grade boron ore with kinetic considerations,” Modern Chem. Appl., vol. 5, p. 218, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6798.1000218.Suche in Google Scholar
[19] A. Erdemir, “A crystal-chemical approach to lubrication by solid oxides,” Tribol. Lett., vol. 8, nos. 2–3, p. 97, 2000, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019183101329.10.1023/A:1019183101329Suche in Google Scholar
[20] I. Topcu, H. O. Gulsoy, N. Kadioglu, and A. N. Gulluoglu, “Processing and mechanical properties of B4C reinforced Al matrix composites,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 482, nos. 1–2, pp. 516–521, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.04.065.Suche in Google Scholar
[21] B. Yaman, E. Onuklu, and N. Ö. Körpe, “The usability of boric acid as an alternative foaming agent on the fabrication of Al/Al2O3 composite foams,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform., vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 4319–4328, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2911-4.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Effect of alloying elements on mechanical behaviour of Cu-Zn-Sn bronzes
- Effects of boron waste as a reinforcement in the production of Al composite foams
- Buckling in rectangular hybrid composite plates with angled groove-shaped cut-outs
- Experimental and numerical investigation of crashworthiness performance for optimal automobile structures using response surface methodology and oppositional based learning differential evolution algorithm
- Effects of deep cryogenic treatment with different holding times on the mechanical properties of Al 7050-T7451 alloy friction stir welding
- Additive manufacturing and characterization of a stainless steel and a nickel alloy
- Shear strain rate sensitivity and crystallisation kinetics investigation in melt spun Cu64Zr36 binary metallic glass
- Microstructure analysis, constitutive relationship, and processing map of novel pre-aged Mg-Zn-Gd-Er alloy with different deformation ranges
- Effects of process parameters on strengthening mechanisms of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg
- Comparison of notch fabrication methods on the impact strength of FDM-3D-printed PLA specimens
- Hydride formation mechanisms in Zr-containing amorphous alloys during sample preparation and atom probe tomography
- Taper connection strength of revision heads with adapter sleeves compared to standard heads made of ceramics
- Investigation of glass/epoxy laminate composites reinforced with bio-particles under mechanical loading
- Nondestructive microstructural characterization of austempered ductile iron
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Effect of alloying elements on mechanical behaviour of Cu-Zn-Sn bronzes
- Effects of boron waste as a reinforcement in the production of Al composite foams
- Buckling in rectangular hybrid composite plates with angled groove-shaped cut-outs
- Experimental and numerical investigation of crashworthiness performance for optimal automobile structures using response surface methodology and oppositional based learning differential evolution algorithm
- Effects of deep cryogenic treatment with different holding times on the mechanical properties of Al 7050-T7451 alloy friction stir welding
- Additive manufacturing and characterization of a stainless steel and a nickel alloy
- Shear strain rate sensitivity and crystallisation kinetics investigation in melt spun Cu64Zr36 binary metallic glass
- Microstructure analysis, constitutive relationship, and processing map of novel pre-aged Mg-Zn-Gd-Er alloy with different deformation ranges
- Effects of process parameters on strengthening mechanisms of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg
- Comparison of notch fabrication methods on the impact strength of FDM-3D-printed PLA specimens
- Hydride formation mechanisms in Zr-containing amorphous alloys during sample preparation and atom probe tomography
- Taper connection strength of revision heads with adapter sleeves compared to standard heads made of ceramics
- Investigation of glass/epoxy laminate composites reinforced with bio-particles under mechanical loading
- Nondestructive microstructural characterization of austempered ductile iron
