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Fatigue performances of helicopter gears

  • Onur Can Kalay is a Ph.D. Candidate in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1995. He received his B.Sc. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2017. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulations of power transmission systems and early fault diagnosis with artificial intelligence.

         ,

    Celalettin Yuce is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1987. He earned M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2013 and 2018, respectively. His research interests include manufacturing methods, experimental performance analysis of gears, and materials testing.

         ,

    Oğuz Doğan is a researcher in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University in Turkey. He was born in 1990. He received M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2015 and 2020, respectively. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulation of power transmission systems and computer-aided design.

         ,

    Tufan Gürkan Yılmaz is a Lecturer in the Orhangazi Yeniköy Asil Çelik Vocational School at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1989. He earned M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2015 and 2020, respectively. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulation of power transmission systems and computer-aided design.

         ,

    Esin Karpat received her M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Electronics Engineering from the Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, in 1996, 2002, and 2009, respectively. Since 2013, she has been an Assistant Professor with the Electronics Engineering Department, Bursa Uludag University. Her research interests include high-antenna design, wave propagation, and microwave imaging.

         ,

    Osman Kopmaz is a Full Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1956. He earned B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Istanbul Technical University, Turkey, in 1977, 1980, 1988, respectively. His research interests include dynamic analysis of machines, mechanical vibrations, and mathematical modeling.

         and

    Fatih Karpat is a Full Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1977. He earned B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Uludag University, Turkey, in 1998, 2001, 2005, respectively. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulation of power transmission systems and advanced joining technology.

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Published/Copyright: January 9, 2023
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 65 Issue 1

Abstract

Gears are widely used machine elements to transmit power and motion in the industry. During the power transmission, the gears are subjected to cyclic loads. Thus the fatigue resistance of the gears should be deeply investigated. In particular, this issue is gaining much more importance in the space and aviation fields. In this study, the fatigue life of gears made of 9310-VIM-VAR steel used in the aviation field was determined experimentally, and the crack propagation paths obtained were numerically verified. To this end, the SAE J1619 standard single-tooth bending fatigue test apparatus was redesigned and manufactured in order to adapt it to the helicopter gears. Totally 28 single-tooth bending fatigue tests were carried out for various loading conditions. Accordingly, the S–N curves for the helicopter gears were created. The experimental results were verified by the finite element fatigue crack propagation analysis in terms of the initial crack location, crack initialization angle, and crack propagation paths. Conducted experiments and numerical studies are found as compatible with each other.

Keywords: crack propagation; helicopter gears; single tooth bending fatigue test; spur gears; VIM-VAR 9310 steel
Corresponding author: Fatih Karpat, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, Turkey, E-mail:

Funding source: Turkish Aerospace Inc.

Award Identifier / Grant number: TM2081

About the authors

Onur Can Kalay

Onur Can Kalay is a Ph.D. Candidate in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1995. He received his B.Sc. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2017. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulations of power transmission systems and early fault diagnosis with artificial intelligence.

Celalettin Yuce

Celalettin Yuce is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1987. He earned M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2013 and 2018, respectively. His research interests include manufacturing methods, experimental performance analysis of gears, and materials testing.

Oğuz Doğan

Oğuz Doğan is a researcher in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University in Turkey. He was born in 1990. He received M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2015 and 2020, respectively. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulation of power transmission systems and computer-aided design.

Tufan Gürkan Yılmaz

Tufan Gürkan Yılmaz is a Lecturer in the Orhangazi Yeniköy Asil Çelik Vocational School at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1989. He earned M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Bursa Uludag University, Turkey, in 2015 and 2020, respectively. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulation of power transmission systems and computer-aided design.

Esin Karpat

Esin Karpat received her M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Electronics Engineering from the Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, in 1996, 2002, and 2009, respectively. Since 2013, she has been an Assistant Professor with the Electronics Engineering Department, Bursa Uludag University. Her research interests include high-antenna design, wave propagation, and microwave imaging.

Osman Kopmaz

Osman Kopmaz is a Full Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1956. He earned B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Istanbul Technical University, Turkey, in 1977, 1980, 1988, respectively. His research interests include dynamic analysis of machines, mechanical vibrations, and mathematical modeling.

Fatih Karpat

Fatih Karpat is a Full Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Bursa Uludag University in Turkey. He was born in 1977. He earned B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Uludag University, Turkey, in 1998, 2001, 2005, respectively. His research interests include experiments and numerical simulation of power transmission systems and advanced joining technology.

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: This research work was supported by the Bursa Uludag University and Turkish Aerospace Inc. (grant number: TM2081).

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Published Online: 2023-01-09
Published in Print: 2023-01-27

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. A holistic view on materials
  3. Influence of pulsed laser beam welding in vacuum on the mechanical properties of non-grain oriented electrical steel sheets
  4. Fracture characteristics of various concrete composites containing polypropylene fibers through five fracture mechanics methods
  5. Influence of heat input on hot cracking sensitivity of the EA395-9 filler metal
  6. Effects of cubic boron nitride (c-BN) nanoparticle addition on the wear properties of carbon FRP composites
  7. Fatigue performances of helicopter gears
  8. Surface quality improvement at selective laser melting AlSi10Mg by optimizing single point diamond turning parameters
  9. Effect of diffusion bonding time on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar Ti6Al4V titanium alloy and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel joints
  10. Deformation mechanism of AZ91 alloy during compression at different temperatures
  11. Tensile shear fracture load bearing capability, softening of HAZ and microstructural characteristics of resistance spot welded DP-1000 steel joints
  12. Nanoparticle effects on post-buckling behaviour of patched hybrid composites
  13. High-speed tensile tests on high-manganese steel at low temperatures
  14. A novel hybrid flow direction optimizer-dynamic oppositional based learning algorithm for solving complex constrained mechanical design problems
  15. Effect of the substrate surface and coating powder hardness on the formation of a cold sprayed composite layer
https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0255
Keywords for this article
crack propagation; helicopter gears; single tooth bending fatigue test; spur gears; VIM-VAR 9310 steel

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. A holistic view on materials
  3. Influence of pulsed laser beam welding in vacuum on the mechanical properties of non-grain oriented electrical steel sheets
  4. Fracture characteristics of various concrete composites containing polypropylene fibers through five fracture mechanics methods
  5. Influence of heat input on hot cracking sensitivity of the EA395-9 filler metal
  6. Effects of cubic boron nitride (c-BN) nanoparticle addition on the wear properties of carbon FRP composites
  7. Fatigue performances of helicopter gears
  8. Surface quality improvement at selective laser melting AlSi10Mg by optimizing single point diamond turning parameters
  9. Effect of diffusion bonding time on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar Ti6Al4V titanium alloy and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel joints
  10. Deformation mechanism of AZ91 alloy during compression at different temperatures
  11. Tensile shear fracture load bearing capability, softening of HAZ and microstructural characteristics of resistance spot welded DP-1000 steel joints
  12. Nanoparticle effects on post-buckling behaviour of patched hybrid composites
  13. High-speed tensile tests on high-manganese steel at low temperatures
  14. A novel hybrid flow direction optimizer-dynamic oppositional based learning algorithm for solving complex constrained mechanical design problems
  15. Effect of the substrate surface and coating powder hardness on the formation of a cold sprayed composite layer
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