Alumina catalyst waste utilization for aluminum-based composites using the friction stir process

Shashi Prakash Dwivedi; Praveen Pachauri; Manish Maurya; Ambuj Saxena; Ravi Butola; Rohit Sahu; Shubham Sharma

doi:10.1515/mt-2021-2074

Article

Alumina catalyst waste utilization for aluminum-based composites using the friction stir process

Shashi Prakash Dwivedi , Praveen Pachauri , Manish Maurya , Ambuj Saxena , Ravi Butola , Rohit Sahu and Shubham Sharma

Published/Copyright: April 7, 2022

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From the journal Materials Testing Volume 64 Issue 4

Abstract

A significant amount of environmental pollution is caused by oil refinery industries in the form of spent alumina catalyst (SAC) waste generated during the process. This waste causes various detrimental effects on human health. In this study, an effort has been made to consume the SAC in the fabrication of aluminum-based composite materials via the friction stir process (FSP). An X-ray diffraction image of the SAC powder used in this work confirms the occurrence of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, SiO₂, and CaO phases. These hard-phase materials form the basis for SAC to be used as reinforcement content with the aluminum alloy. The FSP is used to create the composite material. It is evident from the scanning electron microscopy image of the Al/SAC composite developed by the FSP technique that fair distribution of constituent ingredients is attained during the process. The incorporation of SAC contents in the aluminum alloy results in remarkable enlargement in tensile strength and hardness of the composite material. The Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, SiO₂, and CaO phases of SAC showed a considerable effect on thermal expansion and corrosion weight loss of the composite.

Keywords: friction stir process; recycling; SEM; spent alumina catalyst; waste

Corresponding author: Shashi Prakash Dwivedi, Mechanical Engineering, GL Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India, E-mail: spdglb@gmail.com

Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: The author(s) received no financial support for research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Published Online: 2022-04-07

Published in Print: 2022-04-26

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https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-2074

Keywords for this article

friction stir process; recycling; SEM; spent alumina catalyst; waste