Development and application of load profiles for thermal qualification testing of receptacle automotive connectors

References

1 V. Kaiser: Die Welt der Steckverbinder – Technologien und Trends (The World of connectors – technologies and trends), ZVEI – Zentralverband Elektrotechnik und Elektronikindustrie e.V., Frankfurt am Main, Germany (2015) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

2 V. Behrens: Elektrische Kontakte: Werkstoffe, Gestaltungen und Anwendungen in der Nach-richten-, Automobil- und Energietechnik (Electrical contacts: Materials, designs, and applications in communications, automotive, and power engineering), 3^rd Ed., Expert, Renningen, Germany (2010) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

3 S. Weingärtner, M. Breitenberger, J. Stöcker: Der Einfluss von Reibkorrosion auf das Betriebsfestigkeitsverhalten im Rad-Nabe-Verbund von Nutzfahrzeugen (The influence of fretting corrosion on the fatigue life of wheel-hub assemblies of commercial vehicles), Materials Testing 52 (2010), No. 7-8, pp. 476-480 DOI:10.3139/120.110159 (in German)10.3139/120.110159Search in Google Scholar

4 T. Kimpel, U. Jauernig, R. Becker, R. Wagener, H. Kaufmann, and C. M. Sonsino: Betriebsfeste Bemessung von Steckverbindern in Steuergeräten (Design and dimensioning of pressfit connections in control modules), Materials Testing 55 (2013), No. 7-8, pp. 561-568 DOI:10.3139/120.110473 (in German)10.3139/120.110473Search in Google Scholar

5 E. Vinaricky, Ed.: Elektrische Kontakte, Werk-stoffe und Anwendungen (Electrical contacts, materials and applications), 3^rd Ed., Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany (2016) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

6 J. Swingler: The automotive connector: The influence of powering and lubricating a fretting contact interface, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 214 (2000), No. 6, pp. 615-623 DOI:10.1243/0954407001527484#10.1243/0954407001527484#Search in Google Scholar

7 D. Gagnon and M. Braunovic: Fretting in copper-to-copper contacts under AC and DC current conditions, Proceedings of the Forty-Sixth IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, IEEE, Chicago, IL, USA (2000), pp. 247-253 DOI:10.1109/HOLM.2000.88993810.1109/HOLM.2000.889938Search in Google Scholar

8 T. S. N. S. Narayanan, Y. W. Park, K. Y. Lee: Fretting-corrosion mapping of tin-plated copper alloy contacts, Wear 262 (2007), No. 1-2, pp. 228-233 DOI:10.1016/j.wear.2006.05.015#10.1016/j.wear.2006.05.015#Search in Google Scholar

9 H. Endres: Praxishandbuch Steckverbinder (Practical Handbook on Connectors), 1^st Ed., Vogel Business Media, Würzburg, Germany (2018) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

10 M. Braunovic: Fretting damage in tin-plated aluminum and copper connectors, IEEE Trans. Comp., Hybrids, Manufacturing Technology 12 (1989), No. 2, pp. 215-223 DOI:10.1109/33.31426.10.1109/33.31426Search in Google Scholar

11 M. Braunovic: Fretting in electrical/electronic connections: A review, IEICE Transactions on Electronics 92-C (2009), No. 8, pp. 982-991 DOI:10.1587/transele.E92.C.982#10.1587/transele.E92.C.982#Search in Google Scholar

12 M. Antler: Electrical effects of fretting connector contact materials: A review, Wear 106 (1985), No. 1-3, pp. 5-33 DOI:10.1016/0043-1648(85)90101-2#10.1016/0043-1648(85)90101-2#Search in Google Scholar

13 M. Antler, M. H. Drozdowicz: Fretting corrosion of gold-plated connector contacts, Wear 74 (1981), No. 1, pp. 27-50 DOI:10.1016/0043-1648(81)90192-7#10.1016/0043-1648(81)90192-7#Search in Google Scholar

14 H. W. Hermance, T. F. Egan: Organic deposits on precious metal contacts, Bell System Technical Journal 37 (1958), No. 3, pp. 739-776 DOI:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1958.tb03885.x10.1002/j.1538-7305.1958.tb03885.xSearch in Google Scholar

15 J. Laporte, S. Fouvry, O. Alquier: Prediction of electrical contact resistance failure of Ag/Ag plated contact subjected to complex fretting-reciprocating sliding, Wear 376-377 (2017), Part A, pp. 656-669 DOI:10.1016/j.wear.2016.12.033#10.1016/j.wear.2016.12.033#Search in Google Scholar

16 M. Antler: Fretting of electrical contacts: An investigation of palladium mated to other materials, Wear 81 (1982), No. 1, pp. 159-173 DOI:10.1016/0043-1648(82)90312-X#10.1016/0043-1648(82)90312-X#Search in Google Scholar

17 Y. W. Park, T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Y. Lee: Fretting corrosion of tin-plated contacts, Tribology International 41 (2008), No. 7, pp. 616-628 DOI:10.1016/j.triboint.2007.02.002#10.1016/j.triboint.2007.02.002#Search in Google Scholar

18 J. Neijzen, J. Glashorster: Fretting corrosion of tin-coated electrical contacts, IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, Manufacturing Technologies 10 (1987), No. 1, pp. 68-74 DOI:10.1109/TCHMT.1987.113470710.1109/TCHMT.1987.1134707Search in Google Scholar

19 M. Braunovic: Effect of contact load on the contact resistance behaviour of different conductor and contact materials under fretting conditions, Proceedings of 19^th International Conference on Electrical Contacts, Nuremberg, Germany (1998), pp. 283-287Search in Google Scholar

20 H. Yuan, J. Song, V. Schinow: Fretting corrosion of tin coated electrical contacts: The influence of normal force, coating thickness and geometry of sample configuration, Proceedings of the Sixty-second IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, Clearwater Beach, Florida, USA (2016), pp. 33-38 DOI:10.1109/HOLM.2016.778000310.1109/HOLM.2016.7780003Search in Google Scholar

21 J. Schautzgy, Y. Ivanov, B. Kröger, J. Wilde: Durability studies on vibration-loaded electrical contact systems subjected to tribological stress, Materials Testing 61 (2019), No. 2, pp. 105-110 DOI:10.3139/120.11129010.3139/120.111290Search in Google Scholar

22 T. Song, X. Jiang, J. Jiang, D. Zhu: Effect of contact pressure on multiaxial fretting fatigue behavior of Al-Zn-Mg alloy, Materials Testing 59 (2017), No. 9, pp. 721-727 DOI:10.3139/120.11106210.3139/120.111062Search in Google Scholar

23 W. Neher: Zuverlässigkeitsbetrachtungen an Aufbau- und Verbindungstechnologien für elektronische Steuergeräte im Kraftfahrzeug unter Hochtemperaturbeanspruchungen (Reliability studies of packaging and interconnection technologies for electronic control units in motor vehicles under high-temperature loads), 1^st Ed., Detert, Templin, Germany (2006) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

24 G. Knobloch: Steckverbinder II: Theorie der Kontakte, neue Technologien, Produkte und Management-Konzepte (Connectors II: Theory of contacts, new technologies, products and management concepts), 4^th Ed., Expert, Renningen, Germany (2015) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

25 VW 80000: Elektrische und elektronische Komponenten in Kraftfahrzeugen bis 3,5 t LV 124 – Allgemeine Anforderungen, Prüfbedingungen und Prüfungen (Electrical and Electronic Components in Vehicles up to 3.5 t LV 124 – General Requirements, Test Conditions and Tests), Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg, Germany (2013) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

26 R. van Basshuysen, F. Schäfer: Handbuch Verbrennungsmotor: Grundlagen, Komponenten, Systeme, Perspektiven (Combustion engine handbook: Fundamentals, components, systems, perspectives), 8^th Ed., Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany (2017) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

27 DC-10612 Rev-A: Prüfungsauswahlverfahren für E/E-Komponenten (E/E component test selection process), DaimlerChrysler, Stuttgart, Germany (2003) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

28 K. D. Van, A. Bignonnet: A unified model of fatigue, Materials Testing 50 (2008), No. 5, pp. 286-293 DOI:10.3139/120.10087510.3139/120.100875Search in Google Scholar

29 C. M. Sonsino: Ausgewählte Einflussgrößen auf die Betriebsfestigkeit (Selected parameters influencing fatigue strength), Materials Testing 52 (2010), No. 7-8, pp. 428-439 DOI:10.3139/120.110145 (in German)10.3139/120.110145Search in Google Scholar

30 DC-10611 Rev-A: Umweltprüfanforderungen für E/E-Komponenten (Environmental testing requirements for E/E components), Daimler-Chrysler, Stuttgart, Germany (2003) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

31 N. N.: Mobilität in Deutschland − MiD: Ergebnisbericht (Mobility in Germany – MiD: Final report), infas Institut für angewandte Sozial-wissenschaft GmbH, Bonn, Germany (2019) (in German)Search in Google Scholar

32 G. Pasaoglu, D. Fiorello, A. Martino, G. Scarcella, A. Alemanno, A. Zubaryeva, C. Thiel: Driving and parking patterns of European car drivers: A mobility survey, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg (2012)Search in Google Scholar

33 IEC 60068-2-14 : 2009: Environmental conditions – Part 2 – 14: Test methods – Test N: Thermal cycling, Beuth, Berlin, Germany (2010)Search in Google Scholar

34 M. Friedlein, M. Spahr, R. Sues-Wolf, J. Franke: Failure dependent progression of contact resistance in thermal-shock testing of spring-clip contacts, IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, Denver, CO, USA (2017), pp. 169-174 DOI:10.1109/HOLM.2017.808808110.1109/HOLM.2017.8088081Search in Google Scholar

35 M. Friedlein, D. Graf, F. Raiser, A. Jaumann, J. Franke. Occurrence and influence of fretting corrosion on receptacle contact resistance, IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, Albuquerque, NM, USA (2018), pp. 295-301 DOI:10.1109/HOLM.2018.861166910.1109/HOLM.2018.8611669Search in Google Scholar

36 https://www.te.com/deu-de/product-928820-2.html?q=928820&source=hea-der accessed December 12, 2020Search in Google Scholar

37 https://www.te.com/deu-de/product-963754-1.html?q=963754&source=hea-der#pdp-docs-features# accessed December 12, 2020Search in Google Scholar

38 VW 75174: Prüfvorschrift Kfz-Steckverbinder LV 214 () Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg, Germany (2018) (in German)Search in Google Scholar