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Dislocation mechanisms of mean stress effect on cyclic plasticity

Systematic cyclic loading tests with two model materials help to understand the dislocation mechanisms
  • Hai Ni

    Dr. Ni obtained his Ph. D. in 2001 from the University of Toronto. He received his first degree (B. Eng) and Master of Eng. from An-Shan Institute of Iron and Steel, China. He is now a research associate in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Yale University.

         and Zhirui Wang

    Professor Zhirui Wang obtained his Bachelor of Engineering from Jiao-Tong University, China and acquired a Master of Science and a Ph. D., both in physical metallurgy, from the Polytechnic University of New York. He is now a professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Toronto. He is recognized as an internationally well-known scientist in the field of Mechanical engineering, especially in the areas of structure-property relationships of materials, such as deformation, fracture, and failure analysis of a variety of engineering materials. He has published more than 140 papers, and has been invited to give plenary or keynote lectures at numerous international conferences/symposia. He also has a number of patents. Professor Wang is the editor and/or international advisory board member of several international technical journals. To date, there have been more than 30 people who obtained master’s and Ph.D’s degrees under his supervision.
Published/Copyright: March 5, 2022
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 46 Issue 7-8

Abstract

The dislocation mechanisms behind sagging behavior of autosuspension spring steels are far from being understood due to their complicated microstructures. In this study, systematic cyclic loading tests were carried out on two model materials - industrial pure iron and spheroidized 1045 steel – to understand the mechanisms behind sagging. It is found that it is the different dislocation microstructures that control the cyclic creep behavior of different materials. With iron samples with low mean stress values, higher mean stresses do not trigger cell structure formation mainly due to the little requirement for high plastic strain amplitude and hence the lack of necessity for high dislocation density, and a large number of dislocation interactions through large mobile dislocations. In the case of the 1045 steel samples, the collapse of pre-existent substructures and the movement of newly generated mobile dislocations are the main reasons for the cyclic softening observed. The massive reorganization process of dislocation configurations and the competition between softening and hardening both carry on throughout the entire cycling process, but the softening process is found to be the predominant factor.

Summary

Die Versetzungsmechanismen, die sich hinter dem Fließverhalten von Federstählen verbergen, werden heute auf Grund der komplizierten Mikrostrukturen bei weitem noch nicht verstanden. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden daher systematische Tests mit zyklischer Beanspruchung mit zwei Modellwerkstoffen durchgeführt, mit Reineisen und mit dem Stahl 1045. Dabei hat sich herausgestellt, dass die verschiedenen Versetzungsstrukturen das zyklische Kriechverhalten verschiedener Werkstoffe beeinflussen. In den Eisenproben mit niedrigen Hauptspannungswerten, steuern höhere Hauptspannungen die zellulare Struktur nicht, überwiegend auf Grund einer niedrigen erforderlichen Dehnungsamplitude und somit der nicht bestehenden Notwendigkeit für eine hohe Versetzungsdichte, sowie einer großen Zahl von Versetzungswechselwirkungen infolge großer beweglicher Versetzungen. Im Fall der Proben des Stahls 1045 stellten sich der Zusammenbruch bereits existierender Unterstrukturen und die Bewegung neu generierter beweglicher Versetzungen als Hauptursachen für die zyklische Entfestigung heraus. Der massive Prozess der Umorganisation von Versetzungsanordnungen und die Wettbewerbswirkung zwischen Ver- und Entfestigung halten während des gesamten zyklischen Vorganges an, wobei sich jedoch der Entfestigungsprozess als dominanter Faktor herausstellte.

About the authors

Dr. Hai Ni

Dr. Ni obtained his Ph. D. in 2001 from the University of Toronto. He received his first degree (B. Eng) and Master of Eng. from An-Shan Institute of Iron and Steel, China. He is now a research associate in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Yale University.

Professor Zhirui Wang

Professor Zhirui Wang obtained his Bachelor of Engineering from Jiao-Tong University, China and acquired a Master of Science and a Ph. D., both in physical metallurgy, from the Polytechnic University of New York. He is now a professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Toronto. He is recognized as an internationally well-known scientist in the field of Mechanical engineering, especially in the areas of structure-property relationships of materials, such as deformation, fracture, and failure analysis of a variety of engineering materials. He has published more than 140 papers, and has been invited to give plenary or keynote lectures at numerous international conferences/symposia. He also has a number of patents. Professor Wang is the editor and/or international advisory board member of several international technical journals. To date, there have been more than 30 people who obtained master’s and Ph.D’s degrees under his supervision.

Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for the financial support of NSERC (Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada) for this project, and for the donation of industrial pure iron material from ISPAT Inland Steel Ltd, USA. The financial support of the University of Toronto Graduate Open Fellowship is also highly appreciated by Mr. H. Ni.

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Published Online: 2022-03-05
Published in Print: 2004-07-01

© 2004 Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Veranstaltungen
  3. Veranstaltungen
  4. Notizen
  5. Notizen
  6. Bücher
  7. Bücher
  8. Schadensfallanalyse und Bruchmechanik
  9. Bruchmechanische Bewertungskonzepte für Bahnkomponenten
  10. Low Cycle Fatigue
  11. Dislocation mechanisms of mean stress effect on cyclic plasticity
  12. Bücher
  13. Praxishandbuch – Metallbauerhandwerk, Konstruktionstechnik
  14. Low Cycle Fatigue
  15. Thermal fatigue life prediction
  16. Fretting Fatigue
  17. Fretting fatigue of carbon steels in the high cycle fatigue regime
  18. Betriebsfestigkeit
  19. Ausbreitungsverhalten kurzer Risse in Magnesiumwerkstoffen
  20. Bücher
  21. Blei, Magnesium, Nickel, Titan, Zink, Zinn und deren Legierungen
  22. Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung
  23. Bewertung der Rissausbreitung an Federstellen in Zungenschienen
  24. Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung Im Bauwesen
  25. Automatisierung zerstörungsfreier Prüfverfahren für das Bauwesen
  26. Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung
  27. Zerstörungsfreie Messmethoden am Hahn-Meitner-Institut
  28. Neue Produkte
  29. Neue Produkte
  30. Vorschau
  31. Impressum
https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2004-0363

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Veranstaltungen
  3. Veranstaltungen
  4. Notizen
  5. Notizen
  6. Bücher
  7. Bücher
  8. Schadensfallanalyse und Bruchmechanik
  9. Bruchmechanische Bewertungskonzepte für Bahnkomponenten
  10. Low Cycle Fatigue
  11. Dislocation mechanisms of mean stress effect on cyclic plasticity
  12. Bücher
  13. Praxishandbuch – Metallbauerhandwerk, Konstruktionstechnik
  14. Low Cycle Fatigue
  15. Thermal fatigue life prediction
  16. Fretting Fatigue
  17. Fretting fatigue of carbon steels in the high cycle fatigue regime
  18. Betriebsfestigkeit
  19. Ausbreitungsverhalten kurzer Risse in Magnesiumwerkstoffen
  20. Bücher
  21. Blei, Magnesium, Nickel, Titan, Zink, Zinn und deren Legierungen
  22. Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung
  23. Bewertung der Rissausbreitung an Federstellen in Zungenschienen
  24. Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung Im Bauwesen
  25. Automatisierung zerstörungsfreier Prüfverfahren für das Bauwesen
  26. Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung
  27. Zerstörungsfreie Messmethoden am Hahn-Meitner-Institut
  28. Neue Produkte
  29. Neue Produkte
  30. Vorschau
  31. Impressum
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