Abstract
The work of this paper is devoted to obtaining strong laws for intermediately trimmed sums of random variables with infinite means. Particularly, we provide conditions under which the intermediately trimmed sums of independent but not identically distributed random variables converge almost surely. Moreover, by dropping the assumption of independence we provide a corresponding convergence result for a special class of Oppenheim expansions. We highlight that the results of this paper generalize the results provided in the recent work of [13] while the convergence of intermediately trimmed sums of generalized Oppenheim expansions is studied for the first time.
(Communicated by Gejza Wimmer)
References
[1] Engel, F.: Entwicklung der Zahlen nach Stammbruechen, Verhandlungen der 52. Versammlung deutscher Philologen und Schulmaenner in Marburg, 1913, 190–191.Search in Google Scholar
[2] Erickson, K. B.: The strong law of large numbers when the mean is undefined, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 185 (1973), 371–381.10.2307/1996445Search in Google Scholar
[3] Fang, L.—Giuliano, R.: Convergence results for Oppenheim expansions (II), Monats. Math. 196(4) (2021), 737–761.10.1007/s00605-021-01620-xSearch in Google Scholar
[4] Feller, W.: A limit theorem for random variables with infinite moments, Amer. J. Math. 68 (1946), 257–262.10.2307/2371837Search in Google Scholar
[5] Galambos, J.: Representations of Real Numbers by Infinite Series. Lecture Notes in Math., Vol. 502, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1976.10.1007/BFb0081642Search in Google Scholar
[6] Giuliano, R.: Convergence results for Oppenheim expansions, Monats. Math. 187 (2018), 509–530.10.1007/s00605-017-1126-ySearch in Google Scholar
[7] Giuliano, R.—Hadjikyriakou, M.: On exact laws of large numbers for Oppenheim expansions with infinite mean, J. Theor. Probab. 34 (2021), 1579–1606.10.1007/s10959-020-01010-3Search in Google Scholar
[8] Giuliano, R.—Hadjikyriakou, M.: Strong laws of large numbers for lightly trimmed sums of generalized Oppenheim expansions, Mod. Stoch.: Theory Appl. 12(3) (2025), 273–288.10.15559/25-VMSTA272Search in Google Scholar
[9] Hartono, Y.—Kraaikamp, C.—Sweigher, F.: Algebraic and ergodic properties of a new continued fraction algorithm with nondecreasing partial quotients, J. Theor. Nombres Bordeaux 14 (2002), 497–516.10.5802/jtnb.371Search in Google Scholar
[10] Hoeffding, W.: Probability inequalities for sums of bounded random variables, J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 58 (1963), 13–30.10.1080/01621459.1963.10500830Search in Google Scholar
[11] Hatori, H.—Maejima, M.—Mori, T.: Convergence rates in the law of large numbers when extreme terms are excluded, Z. Wahrsch. Verw. Gebiete 47 (1979), 1–12.10.1007/BF00533245Search in Google Scholar
[12] Kesten, H.: The limit points of a normalized random walk, Ann. Math. Stat. 41 (1970), 1173–1205.10.1214/aoms/1177696894Search in Google Scholar
[13] Kesseböhmer, M.—Schindler, T.: Strong laws of large numbers for intermediately trimmed sums of i.i.d. random variables with infinite mean, J. Theor. Probab. 32 (2019), 702–720.10.1007/s10959-017-0802-0Search in Google Scholar
[14] Khintchine, Y.: Continued Fractions, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1964.Search in Google Scholar
[15] Kraaikamp, C.—Wu, J.: On a new continued fraction expansion with non-decreasing partial quotients Monats. Math. 143(4) (2004), 285–298.10.1007/s00605-004-0246-3Search in Google Scholar
[16] Lüroth, J.: Ueber eine eindeutige Entwickelung von Zahlen in eine unendliche Reihe, Math. Ann. 21 (1883), 411–423.10.1007/BF01443883Search in Google Scholar
[17] Maller, R.A.: Relative Stability and the Strong Law of Large Numbers, Z. Wahrsch. Verw. Gebiete 43 (1978), 141–148.10.1007/BF00668456Search in Google Scholar
[18] Mori, T.: The strong law of large numbers when extreme terms are excluded from sums, Z. Wahrsch. Verw. Gebiete 36(1976), 189–194.10.1007/BF00532544Search in Google Scholar
[19] Mori, T.: Stability for sums of i.i.d. random variables when extreme terms are excluded, Z. Wahrsch. Verw. Gebiete 40 (1977), 159–167.10.1007/BF00532880Search in Google Scholar
[20] Oppenheim, A.: The representation of real numbers by infinite series of rationals, Acta Arith. 21 (1972), 391–398.10.4064/aa-21-1-391-398Search in Google Scholar
[21] Perron, O.: Irrationalzahlen, de Gruyter, Berlin, 1960.10.1515/9783110836042Search in Google Scholar
© 2025 Mathematical Institute Slovak Academy of Sciences
Articles in the same Issue
- A new categorical equivalence for stone algebras
- On special classes of prime filters in BL-algebras
- A note on characterized and statistically characterized subgroups of 𝕋 = ℝ/ℤ
- New Young-type integral inequalities using composition schemes
- The structure of pseudo-n-uninorms with continuous underlying functions
- Jensen-type inequalities for a second-order differential inequality condition
- A direct proof of the characterization of the convexity of the discrete Choquet integral
- Envelope of plurifinely plurisubharmonic functions and complex Monge-Ampère type equation
- Fekete-Szegö inequalities for Φ-parametric and β-spirllike mappings of complex order in ℂn
- Entire function sharing two values partially with its derivative and a conjecture of Li and Yang
- Oscillatory properties of third-order semi-canonical dynamic equations on time scales via canonical transformation
- Weighted B-summability and positive linear operators
- Some properties and applications of convolution algebras
- On measures of σ-noncompactess in F-spaces
- On the kolmogorov–feller–gut weak law of large numbers for triangular arrays of rowwise and pairwise negatively dependent random variables
- Intermediately trimmed sums of oppenheim expansions: A strong law
- Novel weighted distribution: Properties, applications and web-tool
- On the q-Gamma distribution: Properties and inference
- Finiteorthoatomistic effect algebras and regular algebraic E-test spaces
- Prof. RNDr. Anatolij Dvurečenskij, DrSc. 75th anniversary
Articles in the same Issue
- A new categorical equivalence for stone algebras
- On special classes of prime filters in BL-algebras
- A note on characterized and statistically characterized subgroups of 𝕋 = ℝ/ℤ
- New Young-type integral inequalities using composition schemes
- The structure of pseudo-n-uninorms with continuous underlying functions
- Jensen-type inequalities for a second-order differential inequality condition
- A direct proof of the characterization of the convexity of the discrete Choquet integral
- Envelope of plurifinely plurisubharmonic functions and complex Monge-Ampère type equation
- Fekete-Szegö inequalities for Φ-parametric and β-spirllike mappings of complex order in ℂn
- Entire function sharing two values partially with its derivative and a conjecture of Li and Yang
- Oscillatory properties of third-order semi-canonical dynamic equations on time scales via canonical transformation
- Weighted B-summability and positive linear operators
- Some properties and applications of convolution algebras
- On measures of σ-noncompactess in F-spaces
- On the kolmogorov–feller–gut weak law of large numbers for triangular arrays of rowwise and pairwise negatively dependent random variables
- Intermediately trimmed sums of oppenheim expansions: A strong law
- Novel weighted distribution: Properties, applications and web-tool
- On the q-Gamma distribution: Properties and inference
- Finiteorthoatomistic effect algebras and regular algebraic E-test spaces
- Prof. RNDr. Anatolij Dvurečenskij, DrSc. 75th anniversary