The Phoenix Model of Disengagement and Deradicalisation from Terrorism and Violent Extremism

References

Altier, M. B., Leonard Boyle, E., Shortland, N. D., & Horgan, J. G. (2017). Why they leave: An analysis of terrorist disengagement events from eighty-seven autobiographical accounts. Security Studies, 26(2), 305–332.10.1080/09636412.2017.1280307Search in Google Scholar

Barrelle, K. (2015). Pro-integration: disengagement from and life after extremism. 10.1080/19434472.2014.988165Search in Google Scholar

Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 7(2), 129–142.Search in Google Scholar

Bérubé, M., Scrivens, R., Venkatesh, V., & Gaudette, T. (2019). Converging patterns in pathways in and out of violent extremism. Perspectives on Terrorism, 13(6), 73–89.Search in Google Scholar

Borum, R. (2011). Radicalization into violent extremism II: A review of conceptual models and empirical research. Journal of Strategic Security, 4(4), 37–62. 10.5038/1944-0472.4.4.2Search in Google Scholar

Braddock, K. (2019). Terrorist disengagement and de-radicalisation. In A. Silke (Ed.), Routledge handbook of terrorism and counterterrorism (pp.458–470). New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9781315744636-40Search in Google Scholar

Chalmers, I. (2017). Countering violent extremism in Indonesia: Bringing back the Jihadists. Asian Studies Review, 41(3), 331–351.10.1080/10357823.2017.1323848Search in Google Scholar

Cherney, A. (2018). Supporting disengagement and reintegration: qualitative outcomes from a custody-based counter radicalisation intervention. Journal for Deradicalization, (17), 1–27.Search in Google Scholar

Christensen, T. W. (2020). Civil actors’ role in deradicalisation and disengagement initiatives: When trust is essential. In S. J. Hansen & S. Lid (Eds.), Routledge handbook of deradicalisation and disengagement (pp. 143–155). London: Routledge. 10.4324/9781315387420-12Search in Google Scholar

Corner, E., & Gill, P. (2019). Psychological distress, terrorist involvement and disengagement from terrorism: A sequence analysis approach. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 36(3), 1–28.10.1007/s10940-019-09420-1Search in Google Scholar

Grossman, M., & Barolsky, V. (2019). Reintegrating children, women and families returning to Australia from foreign conflict zones: The role of community support. Deakin University.Search in Google Scholar

Hakim, M. A., & Mujahidah, D. R. (2020). Social context, interpersonal network, and identity dynamics: A social psychological case study of terrorist recidivism. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 23(1), 3–14.10.1111/ajsp.12349Search in Google Scholar

Helmus, T. C. (2009). Why and how some people become terrorists. In D. Noricks, T. Helmus, C. Paul, C. Berrebi, B. Jackson, G. Gvineria , M. Egner & B. Bahney (Eds.), Social science for counterterrorism (pp.71–111). Santa Monica: RAND.Search in Google Scholar

Hogg, M. A., & Adelman, J. (2013). Uncertainty-identity theory: Extreme groups, radical behavior, and authoritarian leadership. Journal of Social Issues, 69(3), 436–454.10.1111/josi.12023Search in Google Scholar

Horgan, J. (2009). Individual disengagement. In T. Bjorgo & J. Horgan (Eds.), Leaving terrorism behind: Disengagement from political violence (pp.17-29). New York: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Horgan, J. (2009). Walking away from terrorism: Accounts of disengagement from radical and extremist movements. London: Routledge.10.4324/9780203874738Search in Google Scholar

Horgan, J., Altier, M. B., Shortland, N., & Taylor, M. (2017). Walking away: the disengagement and de-radicalisation of a violent right-wing extremist. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 9(2), 63–77.10.1080/19434472.2016.1156722Search in Google Scholar

Horgan, J., & Braddock, K. (2010). Rehabilitating the terrorists? Challenges in assessing the effectiveness of de-radicalisation programs. Terrorism and Political Violence, 22(2), 267–291.10.1080/09546551003594748Search in Google Scholar

Horgan, J. & Taylor, M. (2011). Disengagement, de-radicalisation, and the arc of terrorism: Future directions for research. In R. Coolsaet (Ed.), Jihadi terrorism and the radicalisation challenge: European and American experiences (pp.173–186). London: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Joyce, C., & Lynch, O. (2017). »Doing Peace«: The role of ex-political prisoners in violence prevention initiatives in Northern Ireland. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 40(12), 1072–1090.10.1080/1057610X.2016.1253990Search in Google Scholar

Kruglanski, A. W., Gelfand, M. J., Bélanger, J. J., Sheveland, A., Hetiarachchi, M., & Gunaratna, R. (2014). The psychology of radicalisation and deradicalisation: How significance quest impacts violent extremism. Political Psychology, 35(S1), 69–93.10.1111/pops.12163Search in Google Scholar

Latif, M., Blee, K., DeMichele, M., Simi, P., & Alexander, S. (2019). Why White supremacist women become disillusioned, and why they leave. The Sociological Quarterly, 61(3), 1–22.10.1080/00380253.2019.1625733Search in Google Scholar

Milla, M. N., Hudiyana, J., & Arifin, H. H. (2020). Attitude toward rehabilitation as a key predictor for adopting alternative identities in deradicalisation programs: An investigation of terrorist detainees’ profiles. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 23(1), 15–28.10.1111/ajsp.12380Search in Google Scholar

Moghaddam, F. (2009). De-radicalisation and the staircase from terrorism. In D. Canter (Ed.), The Faces of Terrorism: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, pp.277–292. Chichester: Wiley.10.1002/9780470744499.ch16Search in Google Scholar

Muluk, H., Umam, A. N., & Milla, M. N. (2020). Insights from a deradicalization program in Indonesian prisons: The potential benefits of psychological intervention prior to ideological discussion. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 23(1), 42–53.10.1111/ajsp.12392Search in Google Scholar

Neumann, P., & Rogers, B. (2007). Recruitment and Mobilisation for the Islamist Militant Movement in Europe. London: International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence.Search in Google Scholar

Phillips, B. J. (2021). How did 9/11 affect terrorism research? Examining articles and authors, 1970–2019. Terrorism and Political Violence.10.1080/09546553.2021.1935889Search in Google Scholar

Ranstorp, M. (2007). Mapping terrorism research. London: Routledge.10.4324/9780203969007Search in Google Scholar

Reid, E. (1997). Evolution of a body of knowledge: An analysis of terrorism research. Information Processing & Management, 33(1), 91–106.10.1016/S0306-4573(96)00052-0Search in Google Scholar

Renard, T. (2020). Overblown: Exploring the gap between the fear of terrorist recidivism and the evidence. CTC Sentinel, April, 1–11.Search in Google Scholar

Schmid, A. (2011). The routledge handbook of terrorism research. London: Routledge.10.4324/9780203828731Search in Google Scholar

Schmid, A. & Jongman, A. (1988). Political terrorism: A new guide to actors, authors, concepts, databases, theories and literature. Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Company.Search in Google Scholar

Schuurman, B. (2020). Research on terrorism, 2007–2016: A review of data, methods, and authorship. Terrorism and Political Violence, 32(5), 1011–1026.10.1080/09546553.2018.1439023Search in Google Scholar

Sikkens, E., van San, M. R. P. J. R. S., Sieckelinck, S. M. A., & de Winter, M. (2017). Parental influence on radicalisation and de-radicalisation according to the lived experiences of former extremists and their families. Journal for Deradicalisation, 12, 192–226.Search in Google Scholar

Silke, A. (2001). The devil you know: Continuing problems with research on terrorism. Terrorism and Political Violence 13(4), 1–14.10.1080/09546550109609697Search in Google Scholar

Silke, A. & Morrison, J. (2020). Re-offending by released terrorist prisoners: Separating hype from reality. ICCT Policy Brief, The Hague.10.19165/2020.2.08Search in Google Scholar

Silke, A. & Schmidt-Petersen, J. (2017). The golden age? What the 100 most cited articles in terrorism studies tell us. Terrorism and Political Violence, 29(4), 692-71210.1080/09546553.2015.1064397Search in Google Scholar

Simi, P., Windisch, S., Harris, D., & Ligon, G. (2019). Anger from within: The role of emotions in disengagement from violent extremism. Journal of Qualitative Criminal Justice & Criminology, 7(2). 10.21428/88de04a1.7dc6a559Search in Google Scholar

Syafiq, M. (2019). Deradicalisation and disengagement from terrorism and threat to identity: An analysis of former jihadist prisoners’ accounts. Psychology and Developing Societies, 31(2), 227–251.10.1177/0971333619863169Search in Google Scholar

Taylor, C., Semmelrock, T., & McDermott, A. (2019). The cost of defection: The consequences of quitting Al-Shabaab. International Journal of Conflict and Violence (IJCV), 13, a657–a657.Search in Google Scholar

Victoroff, J. (2005). The mind of the terrorist: A review and critique of psychological approaches. Journal of Conflict resolution, 49(1), 3-42. 10.1177/0022002704272040Search in Google Scholar

Webber, D., Chernikova, M., Kruglanski, A. W., Gelfand, M. J., Hettiarachchi, M., Gunaratna, R., & Belanger, J. J. (2018). Deradicalizing detained terrorists. Political Psychology, 39(3), 539–556.10.1111/pops.12428Search in Google Scholar