Morpho-anatomical characteristics of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) from Potohar Plateau, Pakistan
-
Nausheen Irshad
und
Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
Abstract
We collected 10 live and two dead specimens of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) from Potohar Plateau to record their morpho-anatomical characteristics. The average body weight and length were recorded in three age classes: juvenile, sub-adult and adult. The maximum body weight, body length and tail length was 20 kg, 147.3 cm, and 85.7 cm, respectively. The total number of scales was 286±6.4, 271±24 and 294±11.0 in the juvenile, sub-adult and adult stages, respectively. The size of the scales varied on different body regions, with smallest being on the head and the largest on the trunk region. The number of scales on the head differed significantly from that on the trunk (p<0.01) and tail (p<0.05) regions. The number and size of the scales on the fore limbs differed significantly (p<0.05) from those on the hind limbs. The relative tongue length constituted 37% of the total body length of the adult specimens. The digestive tract constituted 7% of the relative body weight and 19%–23% of the relative body length, whereas relative length of the reproductive tract was 12%.
References
Acharjyo, L.N. and R. Misra. 1972. Birth of an Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in captivity. J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. 69: 174–175.Suche in Google Scholar
CITES. 2000. Proposal 11.3. Transfer of Manis crassicaudata, M. pentadactyla, M. javanica from Appendix II to Appendix I: CITES.Suche in Google Scholar
Doran, G.A. and D.B. Allbrook. 1973. The tongue and associated structures in two species of African pangolins, Manis gigantean and Manis tricuspis. J. Mammal. 54: 887–899.Suche in Google Scholar
Heath, M.E. and S.L. Vanderlip. 1988. Biology, husbandry, and veterinary care of captive Chinese pangolins (Manis pentadactyla). Zoo. Biol. 7: 293–312.Suche in Google Scholar
IUCN. 1996. IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.Suche in Google Scholar
IUCN. 2004. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.3. Available from <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 January 2015.Suche in Google Scholar
Kaunitz, H.C., C.A. Slanetz, R.E. Johnson and J. Guiman. 1956. Influence of diet comparison on caloric requirements, water intake and organ weights of rats during restricted food intake. J. Nutr. 60: 221–228.Suche in Google Scholar
Krumholz, L.A. 1956. Observations on the fish population of a lake contaminated by radioactive wastes. Bull. Am. Museum. Nat. Hist. 110: 283–367.Suche in Google Scholar
Latimer, H.B. and P.B. Sawin. 1961. Morphogenetic studies of the rabbit XXX. Measurements of the digestive tube and of its parts in race III rabbits. Anat. Rec. 141: 267–274.10.1002/ar.1091410402Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Lim, N.T., L. Peter and K.L. Ng. 2007. Home range, activity cycle and natal den usage of a female Sunda pangolin Manis javanica (Mammalia:Pholidota) in Singapore. Endang. Sp. Res. 3: 1–8.Suche in Google Scholar
Mahmood, T., R. Hussain, N. Irshad, F. Akrim and M.S. Nadeem. 2012. Illegal mass killing of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in Potohar region, Pakistan. Pak. J. Zool. 44: 1457–1461.Suche in Google Scholar
Menzies, J.I. 1967. A preliminary note on the birth and development of a small-scaled tree pangolin Manis tricuspis at Ife University Zoo. International Zoo Yearbook 7: 114.10.1111/j.1748-1090.1967.tb00339.xSuche in Google Scholar
Ogilvie, P.W. and D.D. Bridgewater. 1967. Notes on the breeding of an Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) at Oklahoma Zoo. International Zoo Yearbook 7: 116–118.10.1111/j.1748-1090.1967.tb00341.xSuche in Google Scholar
Ozegbe, P.C., A.O. Ogunsanmi and E.O. Ogunjobi. 2002. Weights and linear measurements of the body and some organs of the adult male and female African white bellied tree pangolins Manis tricuspis. Nig. Vet. J. 23: 54–60.10.4314/nvj.v23i1.3442Suche in Google Scholar
Pantel, S. and S.Y. Chin. 2008. Proceedings of the workshop on trade and conservation of pangolins native to south and south-east Asia. Singapore Zoo, TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.Suche in Google Scholar
Prater, S.H. 1971. The book of Indian animals, 3rd edition (revised). Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay. pp. 302–303.Suche in Google Scholar
Roberts, T.J. 1997. Mammals of Pakistan. Oxford University Press, Karachi, Pakistan. pp. 525.Suche in Google Scholar
©2016 by De Gruyter
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Studies
- Summer temperature and precipitation govern bat diversity at northern latitudes in Norway
- Structure of three subtropical bat assemblages (Chiroptera) in the Andean rainforests of Argentina
- Morphology, genetics and echolocation calls of the genus Kerivoula (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Kerivoulinae) in Thailand
- Status and population structure of a hunted population of Marco Polo Argali Ovis ammon polii (Cetartiodactyla, Bovidae) in Southeastern Tajikistan
- Habitat use of Himalayan grey goral in relation to livestock grazing in Machiara National Park, Pakistan
- Characterization and selection of microhabitat of Microcavia australis (Rodentia: Caviidae): first data in a rocky habitat in the hyperarid Monte Desert of Argentina
- Pregastric and caecal fermentation pattern in Syrian hamsters
- Short Notes
- Barn owl pellets collected in coastal savannas yield two additional species of small mammals for French Guiana
- Wiedomys cerradensis (Gonçalves, Almeida, Bonvicino, 2003) (Rodentia, Cricetidae): first record from the state of Maranhão, Brazil
- Morpho-anatomical characteristics of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) from Potohar Plateau, Pakistan
- First confirmed records of two bat species for Iraq: Rhinolophus euryale and Myotis emarginatus (Chiroptera)
- An efficient timing device to record activity patterns of small mammals in the field
- First record of Leontopithecus chrysopygus (Primates: Callitrichidae) in Carlos Botelho State Park, São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo, Brazil
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Studies
- Summer temperature and precipitation govern bat diversity at northern latitudes in Norway
- Structure of three subtropical bat assemblages (Chiroptera) in the Andean rainforests of Argentina
- Morphology, genetics and echolocation calls of the genus Kerivoula (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Kerivoulinae) in Thailand
- Status and population structure of a hunted population of Marco Polo Argali Ovis ammon polii (Cetartiodactyla, Bovidae) in Southeastern Tajikistan
- Habitat use of Himalayan grey goral in relation to livestock grazing in Machiara National Park, Pakistan
- Characterization and selection of microhabitat of Microcavia australis (Rodentia: Caviidae): first data in a rocky habitat in the hyperarid Monte Desert of Argentina
- Pregastric and caecal fermentation pattern in Syrian hamsters
- Short Notes
- Barn owl pellets collected in coastal savannas yield two additional species of small mammals for French Guiana
- Wiedomys cerradensis (Gonçalves, Almeida, Bonvicino, 2003) (Rodentia, Cricetidae): first record from the state of Maranhão, Brazil
- Morpho-anatomical characteristics of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) from Potohar Plateau, Pakistan
- First confirmed records of two bat species for Iraq: Rhinolophus euryale and Myotis emarginatus (Chiroptera)
- An efficient timing device to record activity patterns of small mammals in the field
- First record of Leontopithecus chrysopygus (Primates: Callitrichidae) in Carlos Botelho State Park, São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo, Brazil
