Startseite Diet of black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) on farmlands in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, South Africa
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Diet of black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) on farmlands in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, South Africa

  • Bruce D. Humphries , Tharmalingam Ramesh und Colleen T. Downs EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 4. August 2015
Mammalia
Aus der Zeitschrift Mammalia Band 80 Heft 4

Abstract

Black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas Schreber, 1775) are one of the most commonly implicated conflict animals on farming areas in southern Africa. To determine the diet of black-backed jackals, and to understand their possible predation effects on domestic livestock, a study was conducted using faecal analyses in the Nottingham Road/Mooi River agricultural areas, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We collected and analysed 154 scat samples from two seasons (summer and winter). Jackals consumed 17–19 taxa per season, including a number of rodents and shrews, domestic and wild ungulates, birds, insects, reptiles, and grass. Rodents were the most consumed prey item seasonally (relative percentage of occurrence: 54–56.3%), indicating that they were the main food source of black-backed jackals. Another important food source was domestic livestock comprising between 19.7% (winter) and 16.3% (summer) seasonally. Black-backed jackals consumed a wide range of prey categories during both seasons; however, we recorded a slightly broader prey diversity during the summer period. A large spectrum of prey species in the diet of jackal confirmed the opportunistic and generalist nature of the species. Domestic stock constituted an important food source in the diet of black-backed jackal in this modified agricultural landscape. Therefore, appropriate management measures are needed to avoid growing human-wildlife conflict in agricultural farmlands.


Corresponding author: Colleen T. Downs, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal 3209, South Africa, e-mail:

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the National Research Foundation and the Gay Langmuir bursary fund for providing the financial support to Bruce Humphries. Our sincere thanks to all the farming communities that provided us with permission to carry out our research activities on their farmlands; without their help and support, the project would not have been possible. M. Perrin is thanked for some of the rodent species identifications. T. Hill and a number of post-graduate colleagues are thanked for comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. We are also most grateful to C. Brown and K. O’Conner for logistic support during the course of fieldwork.

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Received: 2014-7-14
Accepted: 2015-6-24
Published Online: 2015-8-4
Published in Print: 2016-7-1

©2016 by De Gruyter

Artikel in diesem Heft

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  2. Original Studies
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