Startseite Technik Constant heat flux and flow characteristics of nanofluids in an annular helical tube heat exchanger
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Constant heat flux and flow characteristics of nanofluids in an annular helical tube heat exchanger

  • Hesham Elkhatib , Adel Alyan , Samy A. Dwidar EMAIL logo und Wael I. A. Aly
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 17. September 2025
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Aus der Zeitschrift Kerntechnik Band 90 Heft 5

Abstract

In the present study, nanofluids and helical annular tube are investigated as an enhancement technique of heat transfer. Heat transfer and laminar behaviors of two different metal nanoparticles oxide copper oxide and Aluminum oxide (36 nm) and CuO (29 nm), nanofluids flow inside an annular coiled tube heat exchanger (ACTHE) with a boundary condition of constant heat flux which is numerically studied and predicted to assess or evaluate their improvement over the water base fluid. The simulation model covers many volumes of nanoparticles concentration in the range 1.0–6.0 % and flow rate of its mass within range 0.025–0.125 kg/s. Numerical results indicate that a substantial heat transfer improvement is fulfilled by each water based CuO and Al2O3 nanofluids, 46.8 % and 17.7 %, respectively. At the same Reynolds number, an increase of pressure drop and convective heat transfer is observed with increasing particle volumetrically concentration of the nanofluids. The general performance of the two increased heat transfer techniques utilized, and therefore the two nanofluids are assessed employing performance index of thermo-hydrodynamic. Moreover, typical correlations for spiral circular tubes for studying mean friction factor and heat transfer during laminar flow condition like the correlations derived by Mori, Y., and Nakayama, W. (1965). Study on forced convective heat transfer in curved pipes (1st report, laminar region). Int J Heat Mass Trans 8: 67–82 and Manlapaz, R.L, and Churchill, S.W. (1981). Fully-developed laminar convection from a helical-coil. Chem Eng Commun 9:185–200, respectively, are correct for water and therefore the considered nanofluids with very small nanoparticle feeds the coolant inside ACTHE.

Keywords: nanofluids; heat transfer; heat exchangers
Corresponding author: Samy A. Dwidar, Reactors Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt, E-mail:

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: None declared.

  7. Data availability: Not applicable.

Nomenclature

a

Diameters ratio, d i,o /d o,i ( - )

CHF

Constant heat flux

CWT

Constant wall temperature

D

Coil diameter (m)

D n

Dean number, Re 0.5 ( - )

d

Tube diameter (m)

f

Darcy friction factor ( - )

h

Heat transfer coefficient (W/m2.K)

H

Coil pitch (m)

k

Thermal conductivity (W/m. K)

L

Length of the tube (m)

Nu

Nusselt number, hd h /k ( - )

p

Pressure (Pa)

Pr

Prandtl number, Cp/k ( - )

q

Heat flux (W/m2)

R

Coil radius (m)

Re

Reynolds number, ud h / ()

T

Temperature (K)

u

Velocity (m/s)

Δ

Difference operator

δ

Curvature ratio, d h /D ( - )

δ ij

Dirac delta function

η

Thermo-hydrodynamic performance index

µ

Dynamic viscosity (kg/m.s)

Ν

Kinematic viscosity (m2/s)

Ρ

Density of test fluid (Kg/m3)

φ

Nanoparticles volume concentration

Subscripts

AST

Annular straight tube

b

Bulk quantity

b f

Base fluid

i

Inner or inlet

i,j,k

General spatial indices

k

Thermal conductivity

l

laminar quantity

n f

Nanofluid

o

Outer or outlet

P

Nanoparticle

S

Straight tube

w

Wall condition.

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Received: 2025-02-21
Accepted: 2025-08-25
Published Online: 2025-09-17
Published in Print: 2025-10-27

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Water hammer analysis of essential service water system in nuclear power plant
  3. Constant heat flux and flow characteristics of nanofluids in an annular helical tube heat exchanger
  4. The effects of Gd and Er as burnable absorbers in VVER-1200 assembly using OpenMC: a comparative neutronic study
  5. Looking for situation awareness in nuclear power plant: uncovering information requirement and influencing factors through a goal-directed task analysis
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  7. Calendar of events
https://doi.org/10.1515/kern-2025-0020
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
nanofluids; heat transfer; heat exchangers

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Water hammer analysis of essential service water system in nuclear power plant
  3. Constant heat flux and flow characteristics of nanofluids in an annular helical tube heat exchanger
  4. The effects of Gd and Er as burnable absorbers in VVER-1200 assembly using OpenMC: a comparative neutronic study
  5. Looking for situation awareness in nuclear power plant: uncovering information requirement and influencing factors through a goal-directed task analysis
  6. Safety, and security monitoring system for spent nuclear fuel dry cask storage
  7. Calendar of events
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