Characterization of fetal monocytes in preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction
-
Thushari I. Alahakoon
,
Heather Medbury
Abstract
Background
There is little available data on fetal monocyte phenotype and function. A prospective cross-sectional pilot study was conducted to describe the cord blood monocyte subset phenotype in preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) as compared to normal pregnancy and maternal circulation.
Methods
Maternal and cord blood samples from 27 pregnancies were collected at delivery from normal pregnancy, PE, FGR and PE+FGR. The distribution of fetal monocyte subtypes was characterized by CD14 and CD16 expression using flow cytometry and compared for each clinical group using a classification of classical, intermediate and non-classical subsets.
Results
The intermediate monocytes were the dominant monocyte subset in the cord blood of PE and PE+FGR with an increase in the combined inflammatory monocyte subsets intermediate and non-classical in PE compared to normal pregnancy. The non-classical monocyte subset proportion was elevated in all pathological groups PE, FGR and PE+FGR. A significant reduction in the non-classical monocyte subset was observed in the cord blood of the normal pregnancy group as compared to the maternal circulation.
Conclusion
This study describes for the first time in the fetal circulation, dominant monocyte intermediate subsets and increased inflammatory subsets in PE as well as increased non-classical subsets in PE and FGR compared to normal pregnancy.
Author contributions: TIA and VL conceived and designed the study. TIA carried out the experiments and drafted the manuscript. HM, HW and NF participated in designing the study, optimisation steps. XW performed the flow cytometry analysis. All authors critically revised the draft and approved the final manuscript. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This work was supported by Ella Macnight Research Scholarship, Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (RANZCOG) Research Foundation.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organisation(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
References
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Supplementary Material
The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2018-0286).
©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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