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Low total IgM values and high cytomegalovirus loads in the blood of newborns with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection

  • Yoko Kobayashi , Ichiro Morioka EMAIL logo , Tsubasa Koda , Yuji Nakamachi , Yoko Okazaki , Yoriko Noguchi , Miki Ogi , Masatsugu Chikahira , Kenji Tanimura , Yasuhiko Ebina , Toru Funakoshi , Masanobu Ohashi , Kazumoto Iijima , Naoki Inoue , Seiji Kawano and Hideto Yamada
Published/Copyright: June 26, 2014

Abstract

Aims: Neurological outcomes differ considerably between symptomatic and asymptomatic infants with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Our objective was to characterize laboratory markers in symptomatic newborns in comparison with asymptomatic newborns with congenital CMV infection.

Methods: Ten newborns with symptomatic and 13 newborns with asymptomatic congenital CMV infection were included in this 3-year prospective cohort study. Total immunoglobulin M (IgM), CMV-IgM, CMV antigenemia, and CMV-DNA in blood and urine were measured and their positive rates and quantitative values compared between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups.

Results: Fifty percent of newborns in the symptomatic group were positive based on total IgM; this was significantly lower than in the asymptomatic group (100%). Quantitative total IgM values were significantly lower, and there were significantly more copies of CMV-DNA in the blood of symptomatic newborns than in asymptomatic newborns (median values for total IgM: 14 vs. 43 mg/dL and blood CMV-DNA: 3.2×102 vs. 3.5×101 copies/106 white blood cells). CMV-IgM, CMV antigenemia, and urine CMV-DNA did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusion: Low total IgM values and high blood CMV loads were associated with the presence of symptoms in newborns with congenital CMV infection.


Corresponding author: Ichiro Morioka, Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Hospital 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan, Tel.: +81-78-382-6090, Fax: +81-78-382-6099, E-mail:
aYoko Kobayashi and Ichiro Morioka contributed equally to this work.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan (H23-Jisedai-Ippan-001) and the Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (H22, 23, 24-Ogyah-Kenkin). We thank Drs. A. Shibata, A. Miwa, T. Yokota, K. Matsuo, M. Nagasaka, D. Kurokawa, and K. Fujita for their clinical examinations of newborns with congenital CMV infection at the Kobe University Hospital.

References

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The authors stated that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Received: 2014-2-26
Accepted: 2014-6-11
Published Online: 2014-6-26
Published in Print: 2015-3-1

©2015 by De Gruyter

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