Startseite Medizin Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and related morbidities in overweight and obese children
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Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and related morbidities in overweight and obese children

  • İsmail Dündar ORCID logo EMAIL logo und Ayşehan Akıncı ORCID logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 17. Januar 2022
Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Band 35 Heft 4

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and other comorbidities in overweight and obese children in Malatya, Turkey.

Methods

Retrospective cross-sectional study. We studied 860 obese and overweight children and adolescents (obese children Body mass index (BMI) >95th percentile, overweight children BMI >85th percentile) aged between 6 and 18 years. The diagnosis of MetS, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and T2DM were defined according to modified the World Health Organization criteria adapted for children. Other comorbidities were studied.

Results

Subjects (n=860) consisted of 113 overweight and 747 obese children of whom 434 (50.5%) were girls. MetS was significantly more prevalent in obese than overweight children (43.8 vs. 2.7%, p<0.001), and in pubertal than prepubertal children (41.1 vs. 31.7%, p<0.001). Mean homeostasis model assessment for insulin ratio (HOMA-IR) was 3.6 ± 2.0 in the prepubertal and 4.9 ± 2.4 in pubertal children (p<0.001). All cases underwent oral glucose tolerance test and IGT, IFG, and T2DM were diagnosed in 124 (14.4%), 19 (2.2%), and 32 (3.7%) cases, respectively. Insulin resistance (IR) was present in 606 cases (70.5%).

Conclusions

Puberty and obesity are important risk factors for MetS, T2DM, and IR. The prevalence of MetS, T2DM, and other morbidities was high in the study cohort. Obese children and adolescents should be carefully screened for T2DM, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinism, dyslipidemia, hypertension, IGT, and IFG. The prevention, early recognition, and treatment of obesity are essential to avoid associated morbidities.

Keywords: childhood obesity; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; type 2 diabetes mellitus
Corresponding author: İsmail Dündar, Assistant Professor, MD, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İnonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey, Phone: +90 422 3410660 (5377), 05056000590, E-mail:

  1. Research funding: None declared.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Since the study was performed retrospectively, patient informed consent form were not needed.

  5. Ethical approval: The study proposal was approved by the Ethics Committee of Inonu University Faculty of Medicine (Approval number: 2020-155).

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Received: 2021-04-13
Accepted: 2021-12-14
Published Online: 2022-01-17
Published in Print: 2022-04-26

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review Article
  3. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: a comprehensive overview
  4. Original Articles
  5. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and related morbidities in overweight and obese children
  6. Impact of sports participation on components of metabolic syndrome in adolescents: ABCD growth study
  7. Expected or unexpected clinical findings in liver glycogen storage disease type IX: distinct clinical and molecular variability
  8. Evaluation of patients with phenylalanine metabolism disorder: a single center experience
  9. The association of grandparental co-residence and dietary knowledge with excess body weight among children aged 7–15 years in China
  10. Clinical characteristics of polyglandular autoimmune syndromes in pediatric age: an observational study
  11. Serum kisspeptin, leptin, neuropeptide Y, and neurokinin B levels in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome
  12. Ultrasonographic measurements of the testicular volume in Turkish boys aged 0–8 years and comparison with international references
  13. Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase deficiency: outcomes of patients in a single center in Turkey and identification of novel splice site and indel mutations in FBP1
  14. Benefits of metformin add-on insulin therapy (MAIT) for HbA1c and lipid profile in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: preliminary report from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
  15. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of long-acting PEGylated recombinant human growth hormone (Jintrolong) for patients with growth hormone deficiency
  16. Evaluation of endocrinological involvement and metabolic status in patients with Gaucher disease Type 1 and Fabry disease under enzyme replacement therapy
  17. Letter to the Editor
  18. Correspondence on “Obesity after the Covid-19 pandemic”
  19. Case Reports
  20. An unusual presentation of primary adrenal insufficiency with new onset type 1 diabetes: case report and review of the literature
  21. Niemann–Pick type C disease with a novel intronic mutation: three Turkish cases from the same family
  22. Weight management in youth with rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysregulation, hypoventilation, autonomic dysregulation, and neural crest tumor (ROHHAD-NET): literature search and case report
  23. Successful use of cinacalcet monotherapy in the management of siblings with homozygous calcium-sensing receptor mutation
https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2021-0271
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
childhood obesity; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review Article
  3. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: a comprehensive overview
  4. Original Articles
  5. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and related morbidities in overweight and obese children
  6. Impact of sports participation on components of metabolic syndrome in adolescents: ABCD growth study
  7. Expected or unexpected clinical findings in liver glycogen storage disease type IX: distinct clinical and molecular variability
  8. Evaluation of patients with phenylalanine metabolism disorder: a single center experience
  9. The association of grandparental co-residence and dietary knowledge with excess body weight among children aged 7–15 years in China
  10. Clinical characteristics of polyglandular autoimmune syndromes in pediatric age: an observational study
  11. Serum kisspeptin, leptin, neuropeptide Y, and neurokinin B levels in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome
  12. Ultrasonographic measurements of the testicular volume in Turkish boys aged 0–8 years and comparison with international references
  13. Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase deficiency: outcomes of patients in a single center in Turkey and identification of novel splice site and indel mutations in FBP1
  14. Benefits of metformin add-on insulin therapy (MAIT) for HbA1c and lipid profile in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: preliminary report from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
  15. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of long-acting PEGylated recombinant human growth hormone (Jintrolong) for patients with growth hormone deficiency
  16. Evaluation of endocrinological involvement and metabolic status in patients with Gaucher disease Type 1 and Fabry disease under enzyme replacement therapy
  17. Letter to the Editor
  18. Correspondence on “Obesity after the Covid-19 pandemic”
  19. Case Reports
  20. An unusual presentation of primary adrenal insufficiency with new onset type 1 diabetes: case report and review of the literature
  21. Niemann–Pick type C disease with a novel intronic mutation: three Turkish cases from the same family
  22. Weight management in youth with rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysregulation, hypoventilation, autonomic dysregulation, and neural crest tumor (ROHHAD-NET): literature search and case report
  23. Successful use of cinacalcet monotherapy in the management of siblings with homozygous calcium-sensing receptor mutation
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