Home Medicine High uric acid levels in overweight and obese children and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors: what is missing in this puzzle?
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High uric acid levels in overweight and obese children and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors: what is missing in this puzzle?

  • Fernanda Thomazini , Beatriz Silva de Carvalho , Priscila Xavier de Araujo and Maria do Carmo Franco EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: July 30, 2021
Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
From the journal Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Volume 34 Issue 11

Abstract

Objectives

The prevalence of hyperuricemia, a common disorder, has been increasing. Moreover, the association between obesity, serum uric acid levels, and cardiometabolic markers in children is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the inter-relationships between these factors in a sample of children aged 6–12 years.

Methods

We evaluated 764 children and stratified them according to their body mass index (BMI). Blood pressure and uric acid, creatinine, lipid, and glycemic profiles were evaluated, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were calculated.

Results

There was a significant linear trend of increasing systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), uric acid, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR index values corresponding with overweight and obese groups; however, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) levels decreased with increasing obesity. The mean creatinine level and eGFR were similar across all BMI groups. Uric acid levels were significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.527), waist circumference (r=0.580), SBP (r=0.497), DBP (r=0.362), TG (r=0.534), total cholesterol (r=0.416), LDLc (r=0.286), HDLc (r=−0.248), insulin (r=0.613), and HOMA-IR index (r=0.607). Multiple regression analyses showed that BMI (B=0.071; SE=0.012; p<0.001), TG (B=0.004; SE=0.001; p<0.001), LDLc (B=0.003; SE=0.001; p=0.006), and insulin (B=0.066; SE=0.007; p<0.001) (R2=0.460) were significant predictors of increased uric acid levels and explained 46% of the variability in uric acid in these children.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that overweight or obese children are more likely to have higher uric acid levels. Moreover, several cardiometabolic risk factors were strongly associated with high uric acid levels.

Keywords: blood pressure; children; insulin; lipid profile; uric acid
Corresponding author: Maria do Carmo Franco, Division of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Physiology Department, Nephrology Division, Medicine Department, Laboratory of Translational Research in Vascular and Molecular Physiology (LiTiVasc), School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, Botucatu, 862 – 5° Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil; and Institute of Advanced Studies, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Phone: +55 11 5576 4848, E-mail:
Fernanda Thomazini and Beatriz Silva de Carvalho contributed equally to this work.

Funding source: Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sãão Paulo

Award Identifier / Grant number: 07/58044-2

Award Identifier / Grant number: 18/04013-3

Funding source: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Award Identifier / Grant number: 302879/2019-6

  1. Research funding: This study was supported by a project grant from the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) (No. 07/58044-2) (No. 18/04013-3). Franco MC receives a research grant from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (No 302879/2019-6). The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

  2. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted article and approved submission.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  5. Ethical approval: The local Institutional Review Board deemed the study exempt from review.

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Received: 2021-03-24
Accepted: 2021-07-12
Published Online: 2021-07-30
Published in Print: 2021-11-25

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  2. Review Article
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  4. Original Articles
  5. Anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive outcomes of patients with central precocious puberty treated with leuprorelin acetate 3-month depot (11.25 mg)
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  11. Comparison of plasmapheresis with medical apheresis in terms of efficacy and cost in the acute treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in children with lipoprotein lipase deficiency
  12. Clinical, biochemical and genotypical characteristics in biotinidase deficiency
  13. High uric acid levels in overweight and obese children and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors: what is missing in this puzzle?
  14. Optimizing pediatric histrelin implantation to improve success rates in clinic without sedation
  15. Determinants of ultra-processed food consumption in Brazilian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
  16. The prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus in the state of Qatar
  17. Case Reports
  18. A rare and preventable aetiology of neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy: familial glucocorticoid deficiency
  19. Giant plurihormonal pituitary adenoma in a child – case study
  20. The usefulness of copeptin for the diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in infancy: a case report
  21. A novel synonymous homozygous variant [c.2538G>A (p.Thr846Thr)] in TRPM6 in a patient with hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia
  22. Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis in a child: a four-year follow-up with review of literature
https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2021-0211
Keywords for this article
blood pressure; children; insulin; lipid profile; uric acid

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review Article
  3. An endocrine perspective on menstrual suppression for adolescents: achieving good suppression while optimizing bone health
  4. Original Articles
  5. Anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive outcomes of patients with central precocious puberty treated with leuprorelin acetate 3-month depot (11.25 mg)
  6. Evaluation of the resilience of the girls with central precocious puberty treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog
  7. The effect of GnRH stimulation on AMH regulation in central precocious puberty and isolated premature thelarche
  8. Association of the apoptotic marker APO1/Fas with children’s predisposing factors for metabolic syndrome and with mean platelet volume
  9. Serum adiponectin, body adiposity and metabolic parameters in obese Egyptian children with Down syndrome
  10. Urinary iodine and thyroglobulin are useful markers in infants suspected of congenital hypothyroidism based on newborn screening
  11. Comparison of plasmapheresis with medical apheresis in terms of efficacy and cost in the acute treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in children with lipoprotein lipase deficiency
  12. Clinical, biochemical and genotypical characteristics in biotinidase deficiency
  13. High uric acid levels in overweight and obese children and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors: what is missing in this puzzle?
  14. Optimizing pediatric histrelin implantation to improve success rates in clinic without sedation
  15. Determinants of ultra-processed food consumption in Brazilian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
  16. The prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus in the state of Qatar
  17. Case Reports
  18. A rare and preventable aetiology of neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy: familial glucocorticoid deficiency
  19. Giant plurihormonal pituitary adenoma in a child – case study
  20. The usefulness of copeptin for the diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in infancy: a case report
  21. A novel synonymous homozygous variant [c.2538G>A (p.Thr846Thr)] in TRPM6 in a patient with hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia
  22. Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis in a child: a four-year follow-up with review of literature
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