Classification and clinical characterization of metabolically “healthy” obese children and adolescents
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Liene Bervoets
Abstract
Background: Some obese children do not show cardiometabolic complications such as prediabetes, dyslipidemia or insulin resistance. The objective of the study was to classify obese children and adolescents as metabolically “healthy” obese (MHO) on the basis of three different definitions, and to compare cardiometabolic features with metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) children and adolescents.
Methods: The study included 156 obese children and adolescents aged between 10 and 18. Subjects were classified as MHO or MUO using three definitions based on the: (1) pediatric International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria; (2) homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); (3) combination of the previous two definitions. Cardiometabolic features were compared between MHO and MUO subjects.
Results: Six to 19% obese children and adolescents were classified as MHO, and showed a better insulin sensitivity, lower prevalence of prediabetes, lower triglycerides and lower triglyceride-to-HDL-C ratio compared to MUO.
Conclusions: Less than 20% obese children and adolescents are identified as MHO and show a healthier cardiometabolic profile as compared to MUO. Implementation of the proposed classifications in future clinical research could contribute towards the standardization of the MHO definition and offer new insights into the manifestation of the pediatric MHO phenotype.
Acknowledgments
We thank all children and adolescents for their participation in this study. This study is part of the ‘Limburg Clinical Research Program (LCRP) UHasselt-ZOL-Jessa’, supported by the foundation Limburg Sterk Merk, province of Limburg, Flemish government, Hasselt University, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg and Jessa Hospital.
Author contributions: Massa G. conceived and designed the study. Bervoets L. collected, processed and statistically analyzed the data. Massa G. and Bervoets L. interpreted the data. Bervoets L. wrote the manuscript. Massa G. revised the paper. Bervoets L. had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. Both authors had final approval of the submitted and published versions. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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©2016 by De Gruyter
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Resistance to thyroid hormone α, revelation of basic study to clinical consequences
- Original Articles
- Improved molecular diagnosis of patients with neonatal diabetes using a combined next-generation sequencing and MS-MLPA approach
- Safety and metabolic impact of Ramadan fasting in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
- Waist-to-height ratio as a marker of low-grade inflammation in obese children and adolescents
- Classification and clinical characterization of metabolically “healthy” obese children and adolescents
- Long-term BH4 (sapropterin) treatment of children with hyperphenylalaninemia – effect on median Phe/Tyr ratios
- Compound heterozygous mutations (p.T561M and c.2422delT) in the TPO gene associated with congenital hypothyroidism
- Prevalence and clinical features of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescents with previous childhood growth hormone deficiency
- Urate crystals deposition in the feet of overweight juveniles and those with symptomatic hyperuricemia: a dual-energy CT study
- A novel ALMS1 homozygous mutation in two Turkish brothers with Alström syndrome
- Novel AVPR2 mutation causing partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a Japanese family
- Pituitary gigantism: a retrospective case series
- Case Reports
- A novel OTX2 gene frameshift mutation in a child with microphthalmia, ectopic pituitary and growth hormone deficiency
- A novel nonsense mutation in the WFS1 gene causes the Wolfram syndrome
- A 33-year-old male patient with paternal derived duplication of 14q11.2–14q22.1~22.3: clinical course, phenotypic and genotypic findings
- Familial Turner syndrome: the importance of information
- De novo mutation of PHEX in a type 1 diabetes patient
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Resistance to thyroid hormone α, revelation of basic study to clinical consequences
- Original Articles
- Improved molecular diagnosis of patients with neonatal diabetes using a combined next-generation sequencing and MS-MLPA approach
- Safety and metabolic impact of Ramadan fasting in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
- Waist-to-height ratio as a marker of low-grade inflammation in obese children and adolescents
- Classification and clinical characterization of metabolically “healthy” obese children and adolescents
- Long-term BH4 (sapropterin) treatment of children with hyperphenylalaninemia – effect on median Phe/Tyr ratios
- Compound heterozygous mutations (p.T561M and c.2422delT) in the TPO gene associated with congenital hypothyroidism
- Prevalence and clinical features of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescents with previous childhood growth hormone deficiency
- Urate crystals deposition in the feet of overweight juveniles and those with symptomatic hyperuricemia: a dual-energy CT study
- A novel ALMS1 homozygous mutation in two Turkish brothers with Alström syndrome
- Novel AVPR2 mutation causing partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a Japanese family
- Pituitary gigantism: a retrospective case series
- Case Reports
- A novel OTX2 gene frameshift mutation in a child with microphthalmia, ectopic pituitary and growth hormone deficiency
- A novel nonsense mutation in the WFS1 gene causes the Wolfram syndrome
- A 33-year-old male patient with paternal derived duplication of 14q11.2–14q22.1~22.3: clinical course, phenotypic and genotypic findings
- Familial Turner syndrome: the importance of information
- De novo mutation of PHEX in a type 1 diabetes patient
- Congenital hypothyroidism and thyroid dyshormonogenesis: a case report of siblings with a newly identified mutation in thyroperoxidase
