Premature thelarche related to fennel tea consumption?
-
Deniz Okdemir
,
Nihal Hatipoglu
Abstract
Background: Isolated premature thelarche is the breast development in the absence of other secondary sex characteristics in prepubertal girls. Fennel is a plant which contains a phytoestrogen called anethole as an active ingredient.
Case: Here, we report a case of a 12-month-old girl who showed breast development that became apparent in the last 3 months. Her medical history revealed that she was given two to three teaspoons of fennel tea by her mother every day for restlessness for the last 6 months. Isolated premature thelarche was diagnosed based on physical and laboratory findings. On follow-up, after cessation of fennel consumption, the breast development of the patient regressed gradually and became normal by the end of 1 year.
Conclusion: Reporting this case, we want to emphasize the importance of awareness of fennel tea, a commonly used plant in babies, as a preventable cause of premature thelarche.
References
1. Greydanus DE, Matytsina L, Grains M. Breast disorders in children and adolescents. Prim Care 2006;33:455–502.10.1016/j.pop.2006.02.002Suche in Google Scholar
2. Traggiai C, Stanhope R. Disorders of pubertal development. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2003;17:41–56.10.1053/ybeog.2003.0360Suche in Google Scholar
3. Stanhope R, Brook CG. Thelarche variant: a new condition of sexual maturation? Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1990;123:481–6.10.1530/acta.0.1230481Suche in Google Scholar
4. Stanhope R. Premature thelarche: clinical follow-up and indication of treatment. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2000;13:827–30.10.1515/JPEM.2000.13.S1.827Suche in Google Scholar
5. Wemeau-Jacquemont C. Precocious puberty and ovarian follicular cysts. Pediatrie 1988;43:355–60.Suche in Google Scholar
6. Javidnia K, Dastgheib L, Mohammadi Samani S, Nasiri A. Antihirsutism activity of fennel extract. A doubleblind placebo controlled study. Phytomedicine 2003;10:455–8.10.1078/094471103322331386Suche in Google Scholar
7. Malini T, Vanithakumari G, Megala N, Anusya S, Devi K, et al. Effect of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. seed extract on the genital organs of male and female rats. İndian J Physiol Pharmacol 1985;29:21–6.Suche in Google Scholar
8. Brito VN, Latronico AC, Arnhold IJ, Mendonça BB. Update on the etiology, diagnosis and therapeutic management of sexual precocity. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2008;52:576.10.1590/S0004-27302008000100005Suche in Google Scholar
9. Chiabotto P, Costante L, de Sanctis C. Premature thelarche and environmental pollutants. Minerva Med 2006;97: 277–85.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Pattishall AE, Spector ND. Endocrine disruptors, travel-associated illness, and media violence: important health considerations for children and adolescents. Curr Opin Pediatr 2010;22:814–21.10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283404156Suche in Google Scholar
11. Davis SR, Dalais FS, Simpson ER, Murkies AL. Phytoestrogens in health and disease. Recent Prog Horm Res 1999;54:185–210.Suche in Google Scholar
12. Massart F, Saggese G. Oestrogenic mycotoxin exposures and precocious pubertal development. Int J Androl 2010;33:369–76.10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01009.xSuche in Google Scholar
13. Reinli K, Block G. Phytoestrogen content of foods – a compendium of literature values. Nutr Cancer 1996;26:123–48.10.1080/01635589609514470Suche in Google Scholar
14. Cassidy A, Hanley B, Raventos R. Isoflavones, lignans and stilbenes – origins, metabolism and potential importance to human health. J Sci Food Agric 2000;80:1044–62.10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(20000515)80:7<1044::AID-JSFA586>3.0.CO;2-NSuche in Google Scholar
15. Fitzpatrick LA. Selective estrogen receptor modulators and phytoesterogens: new therapies for the postmenopausal women. Mayo Clin Proc 1999;74:601–7.10.4065/74.6.601Suche in Google Scholar
16. Brandi ML. Natural and synthetic isoflavones in the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. Calcif Tissue Int 1997;61:S5–8.10.1007/s002239900376Suche in Google Scholar
17. Namavar Jahromi B, Tartifizazadeh A, Khabnadideh S. Comparison of fennel and mefenamic acid for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003;80:153–7.10.1016/S0020-7292(02)00372-7Suche in Google Scholar
18. Tognolini M, Ballabeni V, Bertoni S, Bruni R, Impicciatore M, et al. Protective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and anethole in an experimental model of thrombosis. Pharmacol Res 2007;56:254–60.10.1016/j.phrs.2007.07.002Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
19. Dhar SK, Anti-fertility activity and hormonal profile of trans-anethole in rats. İndian J Physiol Pharmacol 1995;39:63–7.Suche in Google Scholar
20. Zeller A, Horst K, Rychlik M. Study of the metabolism of estragole in humans consuming fennel tea. Chem Res Toxicol 2009;22:1929–37.10.1021/tx900236gSuche in Google Scholar PubMed
21. Türkyilmaz Z, Karabulut R, Sönmez K, Can Başaklar AC. A striking and frequent cause of premature thelarche in children: Foeniculum vulgare. J Pediatr Surg 2008;43:2109–11.10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.07.027Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorials
- Editorial
- Consensus, guidelines and reviews
- Review article
- Adaptation of glucose metabolism to fasting in young children with infectious diseases: a perspective
- Images in pediatric endocrinology
- Coexistence of testicular microlithiasis with parathyroid adenoma in an obese child
- Original articles
- Remission of hypertension and electrolyte abnormalities following renal transplantation in a patient with apparent mineralocorticoid excess well documented throughout childhood
- Effects of metformin in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome and early-onset morbid obesity: a pilot study
- Glycemic control in familial vs. sporadic type 1 diabetes patients over 5 years
- Clinical and laboratory features of temporary brittle bone disease
- Age of thelarche and menarche in contemporary US females: a cross-sectional analysis
- Teriparatide (rhPTH) treatment in children with syndromic hypoparathyroidism
- Retinol and retinyl palmitate in fetal mice liver: sexual dimorphism
- Skeletal maturation and predicted adult height in children with premature adrenarche
- Homozygosity for a DTDST mutation in a child with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
- Body composition in young patients with galactose metabolic disorders: a preliminary report
- Detection of vascular risk markers in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
- X-linked recessive nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: a clinico-genetic study
- Factors influencing neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations as a measure of population iodine status
- Pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension and the underlying endocrine-metabolic dysfunction: a pilot study
- Patient reports
- Hypothalamic hamartoma associated with central precocious puberty and growth hormone deficiency
- A pediatric patient with Cushing syndrome caused by ectopic ACTH syndrome and concomitant pituitary incidentalomas
- A novel genetic mutation in a Portuguese family with GCK-MODY
- Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus in monozygotic twins achieving low-dose sulfonylurea therapy
- Hypocalcemia in a paediatric case: from the clinical features to diagnosis
- A rare case of osteogenesis imperfecta combined with complete tooth loss
- Iatrogenic acute pancreatitis due to hypercalcemia in a child with pseudohypoparathyroidism
- Clinical expression of familial Williams-Beuren syndrome in a Turkish family
- The first report of cabergoline-induced immune hemolytic anemia in an adolescent with prolactinoma
- Low-level hyperinsulinism with hypoglycemic spells in an infant with mosaic Turner syndrome and mild Kabuki-like phenotype: a case report and review of the literature
- Multiple cutaneous hemangiomas in a patient with combined pituitary hormone deficiency
- Premature thelarche related to fennel tea consumption?
- A novel insertion in the FOXL2 gene in a Chilean patient with blepharophimosis ptosis epicanthus inversus syndrome type I
- Zellweger syndrome: prenatal and postnatal growth failure with epiphyseal stippling
- Marine-Lenhart syndrome in a young girl
- Novel AQP2 mutation causing congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: challenges in management during infancy
- Letter to the Editors
- Mutational analysis of KISS1 and KISS1R in idiopathic central precocious puberty
- Carotid intima media thickness and echocardiography in risk stratification of obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: what is the “right” approach?
- Vitamin D and the heart: what is the truth?
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorials
- Editorial
- Consensus, guidelines and reviews
- Review article
- Adaptation of glucose metabolism to fasting in young children with infectious diseases: a perspective
- Images in pediatric endocrinology
- Coexistence of testicular microlithiasis with parathyroid adenoma in an obese child
- Original articles
- Remission of hypertension and electrolyte abnormalities following renal transplantation in a patient with apparent mineralocorticoid excess well documented throughout childhood
- Effects of metformin in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome and early-onset morbid obesity: a pilot study
- Glycemic control in familial vs. sporadic type 1 diabetes patients over 5 years
- Clinical and laboratory features of temporary brittle bone disease
- Age of thelarche and menarche in contemporary US females: a cross-sectional analysis
- Teriparatide (rhPTH) treatment in children with syndromic hypoparathyroidism
- Retinol and retinyl palmitate in fetal mice liver: sexual dimorphism
- Skeletal maturation and predicted adult height in children with premature adrenarche
- Homozygosity for a DTDST mutation in a child with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
- Body composition in young patients with galactose metabolic disorders: a preliminary report
- Detection of vascular risk markers in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
- X-linked recessive nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: a clinico-genetic study
- Factors influencing neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations as a measure of population iodine status
- Pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension and the underlying endocrine-metabolic dysfunction: a pilot study
- Patient reports
- Hypothalamic hamartoma associated with central precocious puberty and growth hormone deficiency
- A pediatric patient with Cushing syndrome caused by ectopic ACTH syndrome and concomitant pituitary incidentalomas
- A novel genetic mutation in a Portuguese family with GCK-MODY
- Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus in monozygotic twins achieving low-dose sulfonylurea therapy
- Hypocalcemia in a paediatric case: from the clinical features to diagnosis
- A rare case of osteogenesis imperfecta combined with complete tooth loss
- Iatrogenic acute pancreatitis due to hypercalcemia in a child with pseudohypoparathyroidism
- Clinical expression of familial Williams-Beuren syndrome in a Turkish family
- The first report of cabergoline-induced immune hemolytic anemia in an adolescent with prolactinoma
- Low-level hyperinsulinism with hypoglycemic spells in an infant with mosaic Turner syndrome and mild Kabuki-like phenotype: a case report and review of the literature
- Multiple cutaneous hemangiomas in a patient with combined pituitary hormone deficiency
- Premature thelarche related to fennel tea consumption?
- A novel insertion in the FOXL2 gene in a Chilean patient with blepharophimosis ptosis epicanthus inversus syndrome type I
- Zellweger syndrome: prenatal and postnatal growth failure with epiphyseal stippling
- Marine-Lenhart syndrome in a young girl
- Novel AQP2 mutation causing congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: challenges in management during infancy
- Letter to the Editors
- Mutational analysis of KISS1 and KISS1R in idiopathic central precocious puberty
- Carotid intima media thickness and echocardiography in risk stratification of obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: what is the “right” approach?
- Vitamin D and the heart: what is the truth?
